1,720,982 research outputs found
Prospects of Transforming Subsistence Agriculture into Sustainable Livelihoods; A case-study of the Ribb sub-Catchment, Ethiopia.
No full textThis study assesses the importance of agricultural transformation in achieving sustainable livelihood in rural Ethiopia. By focusing on the different agricultural transformation components, the study analyse different farming typologies at household level. Through the process of smallholder commercialization, households can transform into more desired farm typology which can assist them to achieve food security and reduce poverty. Based on households production objective, the result suggests that households in the study area belong to four major farm typology i.e., below-subsistence, subsistence, constant improving and commercial level farm typologies. By applying an ordered logit regression model, the variables having high significance level and determine households to transform from lower farm typology (below-subsistence level) to higher (commercial level) are topography, livestock holdings and irrigation. Farm land size, land fragmentation and non-farm income are also determining factors in smallholder agricultural transformation. In addition, the result show that weak institutions, poor access to markets and credit, inadequate infrastructure, poor soil fertility and land degradation have constrained households to transform to smallholder commercialization
Advancing Water-Energy-Food- Ecosystems (WEFE) nexus governance in Ethiopia: Insights from the community of practice seminar
No full textClimate Change, Agricultural Production and Trade in Africa
Full text linkAccording to IPCC (2013) predictions climate change is forecast to hit Africa heavily, with temperatures rising on the continent more than the global median, extreme weather events becoming more prevalent, and drier areas becoming even drier. Additionally Africa’s economy is highly dependent on agriculture most vulnerable sector to the impacts of climate change and supports nearly 90 percent of its population. A critical challenge facing the continent is how to feed an expected population of around 2.4 billion by 2050 double the current population size while simultaneously reducing and responding to climate change. Unless action is taken now to make agriculture more sustainable, productive and resilient, climate change impacts will seriously compromise food production in countries and regions that are already highly food-insecure. Embedded in these, climate change possess substantial challenges in agricultural production, but also creates opportunities for trade. Trade is often built into the economic model which assess climate change and agriculture, but are rarely the focus of such analysis. Despite the considerable opportunities trade creates in moving goods from surplus to deficit area, only a limited number of studies have explicitly investigated the interaction between trade, climate change and agriculture in Africa. Although there is a growing number of studies analyzing how agricultural productions and commodity markets need to be adjusted for promoting interregional balance in agricultural production and food security in response to climate change, few of them have had interests for potential adjustments in intra Africa agricultural trade in changing climate. By reviewing different literatures, this paper provides an overview of the climate change, agriculture and trade nexus in Africa and highlights how the trade aspect of the nexus is missing in present literature reviews. It also identifies and puts forth entry points for regional nexus dialogue
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A fairer future: Equitable climate action in low- and middle-income countries’ livestock systems
No full textA brief about aligning livestock climate action with COP30 highlights the importance of investments and strong governance. Improved productivity through better management practices offers significant mitigation benefits while empowering marginalized communities. Successful adaptations in Tunisia, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, and Cameroon showcase resilience and sustainability in livestock systems
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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