1,721,079 research outputs found
Strain intermittency in shape-memory alloys
Get PDFWe study experimentally the intermittent progress of the mechanically induced martensitic transformation in a Cu-Al-Be single crystal through a full-field measurement technique: the grid method. We utilize an inhouse,
specially designed gravity-based device, wherein a system controlled by water pumps applies a perfectly monotonic uniaxial load through very small force increments. The sample exhibits hysteretic superelastic behavior during the forward and reverse cubic-monoclinic transformation, produced by the evolution of the strain field of the phase microstructures. The in-plane linear strain components are measured on the sample surface during the loading cycle, and we characterize the strain intermittency in a number of ways, showing the emergence of power-law behavior for the strain avalanching over almost six decades of magnitude. We also describe the nonstationarity and the asymmetry observed in the forward versus reverse transformation. The present experimental approach, which allows for the monitoring of the reversible martensitic transformation both locally and globally in the crystal, proves useful and enhances our capabilities in the analysis and possible control of transition-related phenomena in shape-memory alloys
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Design and analysis of a compliant robot with active stiffness by means of shape memory alloy
No full textLa rigidité est un des objectifs de performance les plus importants pris en compte lors de la conception de systèmes robotiques. Le contrôle de la raideur physique en cours de tâche est une problématique scientifique en plein essor dans le cadre de la conception innovante de robots à forte polyvalence. L’association d’une structure robotique compliante et d’un composant en alliage à mémoire de forme (AMF) est réalisée dans le but d’obtenir des cartes de compliance variables dans le temps sur un même espace de travail. Les AMF sont en effet des matériaux actifs qui possèdent des caractéristiques comportementales pouvant être exploitées dans cette application. La structure considérée pour l’étude n’a pas de degré de liberté interne mais sa déformation permet de créer un pseudo-espace de travail. Celui-ci diffère selon l’état activé/non-activé de l’AMF. L’intersection des deux espaces obtenus représente alors les positions de l’effecteur où il est possible d’avoir des valeurs de compliance différentes. Les cartes obtenues montrent des caractéristiques intéressantes pour la perspective de la conception de robots polyvalents ayant une nouvelle forme de reconfigurabilité basée sur le changement de propriétés matérielles.The rigidity is one of the most important performance targets which is taken into account for the design of robotic systems. The control of the physical stiffness during industrial tasks is a scientific issue which is rapidly expanding in the context of the innovative design of highly polyvalent robots. The combination of a compliant robotic structure and a shape memory alloy (SMA) component is carried out in the aim of obtaining variable compliance maps over time and in the same workspace. SMAs are actually active materials with specific thermomechanical properties which can be used in this application. The considered structure has no internal degree of freedom, but the deformation of the arms allows the creation of a “Pseudo-Workspace” (PWS). This PWS varies as a function of the activated/non-activated state of the SMA component. The intersection of the two obtained PWSs represents the effector’s positions where it is possible to have different compliance values. Generated maps show interesting characteristics in the perspective of the design of polyvalent robots based on a new type of reconfigurability (change of material properties)
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
