5 research outputs found
Effect of Peroxide and Organoclay on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PLA in PLA/NBR Melted Blend
No full textAbstractAcrylonitrile butadiene rubber, NBR, was added to poly(lactic acid), PLA, in order to improve the brittleness of PLA. NBR with the content of CN 34% was melt blended into PLA. This work was carried out in three parts. NBR with the content of 5, 10, 15, 20, 15, 20, 25 and 30% by weight was melt blended in an internal mixer. The second part, PLA, with the same contents as the first part, was melt blended with NBR compound (using dicumyl peroxide, DCP as vulcanizing agent) was dynamic vulcanized by melt blending with PLA in an internal mixer. Organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT), Cloisite 30B®, was added into NBR together with DCP. Cloisite 30B filled NBR compound was dynamic vulcanized with PLA by melt blending in the internal mixer. In the third part, the composition of NBR added in the blend was at 20, 25 and 30% by weight. The results showed phase separation between PLA and NBR. Tensile strength and tensile modulus were found decreased with the content of NBR whereas elongation at break was increased with NBR content, up to 10% NBR, then the elongation was decreased. Thermal stability of PLA was enhanced by the addition of NBR. For dynamic vulcanized NBR in PLA, the two phases was shown more compatible. Tensile elongation of PLA/dynamic vulcanized NBR blend was improved about 700-1100% compared to neat PLA. It was found that at 20% of NBR tensile elongation was increased about 1120%. Tensile strength and modulus of thermoplastic vulcanizate of PLA/NBR (PLA/NBR TPV) were found decreased 37% and 65% respectively, compared to neat PLA. The PLA/NBR TPV showed drawback in crystallization meanwhile thermal stability was very much improved. In order to improve mechanical properties of PLA/NBR TPV, OMMT was added. The results showed that modulus and tensile strength were enhanced whereas elongation at break was suffered due to the distribution of OMMT. It was shown in the form of aggregate rather than intercalated and exfoliated
In vitro examination of starch digestibility of Saba banana [Musa ‘saba’(Musa acuminata × Musa balbisiana)]: impact of maturity and physical properties of digesta
No full text© 2020, The Author(s). The digestibility of starch in Saba banana as affected by maturity and physical properties of digesta was investigated. Five maturity stages were identified based on peel color index which also showed significant differences in physicochemical properties and starch granule morphology. The effect of physical properties of digesta was evaluated by monitoring the viscosity throughout the simulated digestion process and comparing two different physical structures of banana: (1) unhomogenized cut samples which have intact tissue structure and (2) homogenized slurry representing disrupted cellular structure. During ripening process, a decrease in starch content was noted with a concomitant formation of sugars and increasing concentration of acids. Green unripe stages showed the highest rate of starch hydrolysis in both physical structures and a decreasing trend was observed as ripening proceeded. The high digesta viscosity values of ripe stages was found to have an inhibitory effect on starch hydrolysis. Similarly, the differences in physical structure of food affected the digestive enzymes efficiency in breaking down starch. These results suggested that the physicochemical changes accompanying maturation and the physical properties (i.e. high viscosity and presence of intact cell structure) of food could significantly impact the rate of starch digestion
Bio-properties of Saba banana (Musa ‘saba’, ABB Group): Influence of maturity and changes during simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
No full text© 2020, The Author(s). Saba banana, a popular fruit crop grown in Southeast Asia, is an economical source of a variety of beneficial agents. This study examined the variations in total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activities of five maturity stages of Saba banana, and their changes during simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion as affected by varying structural compositions. Antioxidant activities were evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal ion chelating (MIC) activity, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Results of DPPH and ABTS were compared in terms of TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) and VCEAC (Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) values. Bio-properties were found to be highest in mature green stage with values slightly decreased as ripening proceeded. Simulated digestion showed a continuous increase in total phenolic with comparatively faster release in structure-less state (slurry) than samples with intact structure (cut). The trend of antioxidant activities was increased in the gastric phase and then decreased at the onset of intestinal phase, except for MIC which showed a reverse effect. Our study indicated that the bio-properties of Saba banana were affected by maturity and modifications in its physical structure and composition could influence the release behaviors of food components during simulated digestion
Integrative multi-omic cancer profiling reveals DNA methylation patterns associated with therapeutic vulnerability and cell-of-origin
Get PDFWe thank InPrint for the editing, Matthew A. Wyczalkowski for feedback on figures, and BioRender for diagrams. The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) is supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers U24CA210955, U24CA210985, U24CA210986, U24CA210954, U24CA210967, U24CA210972, U24CA210979, U24CA210993, U01CA214114, U01CA214116, and U01CA214125 as U24CA210972 to D.F. L.D. and S.P. and Contract GR0012005 to L.D. This project has been funded in part with Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261201500003I, Task Order HHSN26100064. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Study Conception & Design: W.L. R.J.L. R.J. S.F. and L.D.; Performed Experiment or Data Collection: W.L. R.L. I.K. E.D. Y.L. S.S. and M.W.; Computational, Multi-omic, & Statistical Analyses: W.L, R.J.L. E.P. Y.S. A.G. and X.L.; Data Interpretation & Biological Analysis: W.L, R.J.L. R.G.J. S.M.F. E.P. Y.G. R.L. M.W. and H.S.; Writing - Original Drafts: W.L. and R.J.L.; Writing - Review & Editing: W.L. R.J.L. R.J. S.F. E.P. Y.G. M.C.W. Y.S. A.G. X.L. Y.L. D.R.M. K.R. A.L. A.R. and L.D.; Supervision: W.L. and L.D.; Administration:W.L. S.P. D.F. H.R. D.R.M. K.R. A.L. A.R. and L.D. The authors declare no competing interests. We support inclusive, diverse, and equitable conduct of research. During the preparation of this work the author(s) used ChatGPT to enhance its readability. After using this tool/service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.We thank InPrint for the editing, Matthew A. Wyczalkowski for feedback on figures, and BioRender for diagrams. The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) is supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers U24CA210955, U24CA210985, U24CA210986, U24CA210954, U24CA210967, U24CA210972, U24CA210979, U24CA210993, U01CA214114, U01CA214116, and U01CA214125 as U24CA210972 to D.F., L.D., and S.P., and Contract GR0012005 to L.D. This project has been funded in part with Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261201500003I, Task Order HHSN26100064. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.DNA methylation plays a critical role in establishing and maintaining cellular identity. However, it is frequently dysregulated during tumor development and is closely intertwined with other genetic alterations. Here, we leveraged multi-omic profiling of 687 tumors and matched non-involved adjacent tissues from the kidney, brain, pancreas, lung, head and neck, and endometrium to identify aberrant methylation associated with RNA and protein abundance changes and build a Pan-Cancer catalog. We uncovered lineage-specific epigenetic drivers including hypomethylated FGFR2 in endometrial cancer. We showed that hypermethylated STAT5A is associated with pervasive regulon downregulation and immune cell depletion, suggesting that epigenetic regulation of STAT5A expression constitutes a molecular switch for immunosuppression in squamous tumors. We further demonstrated that methylation subtype-enrichment information can explain cell-of-origin, intra-tumor heterogeneity, and tumor phenotypes. Overall, we identified cis-acting DNA methylation events that drive transcriptional and translational changes, shedding light on the tumor's epigenetic landscape and the role of its cell-of-origin
Mechanical Properties of Bacterial Cement Mortar Integrating Natural Banana Fibres
Get PDFThis investigation analyzes the usage of bacterial content and different lengths of banana fiber reinforced with variable percentages in cement mortar. Portland pozzolana cement (PPC) was combined with bacterial solutions (Bacillus cereus) at a concentration of 1.15×104 cells/ml to produce a mortar composite. By adding natural fibers like banana fiber to the composite components, the mechanical behavior of the bacterial mortar was enhanced. Mortar mixtures using banana fibers with different fiber concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1%) and lengths (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 cm) were evaluated. Compressive and flexural strength was found to be greatly affected by the addition of banana fibers to concrete, but only at lower fiber levels of up to 0.25% for all fiber lengths. At lower fiber levels of up to 0.25%, the length of the fiber had no discernible effect on compressive strength; however, at larger dosages exceeding 0.25%, shorter fibers were shown to outperform longer ones. However, the mixing of bacterial content in the mortar is not only significant to the mechanical properties but also potentially lowers the carbon emissions, making it a more sustainable option for composite preparation. The stability of bacterial-based mortar and its compatibility with natural fibers further underscores the potential for eco-friendly construction materials. By exploring the chemical and physical properties of banana fibers treated with alkali chemicals and their compatibility with bacterial cultures, this study adds depth to our understanding of these composite materials. Overall, the proposed methodology for preparing these composites holds promise for future applications in the construction industry, offering a sustainable and efficient alternative to traditional materials
