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Sit-to-Stand Power,Grip strength, and Performance Outcomes in Older Adults
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Sit-to-Stand Power,Grip strength, and Performance Outcomes in Older Adults
LENO BENNY, RENEE LUSTIN, NORBERTO QUILES & ANOOP T. BALACHANDRAN
Exercise and Aging Lab, Department of Family, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Queens College, The City University of New York, Flushing, NY
Category: Graduate
Advisor / Mentor: Balachandran, Anoop T. ([email protected])
ABSTRACT
Hand grip strength is widely used as a marker for strength and sarcopenia in older adults. Although power is more strongly associated with physical performance, power testing is sparingly used due to high cost, expertise required and portability issues. The sit-to-stand power test is a low-cost,fairly accurate, portable, and functional method to assess muscle power. PURPOSE: To compare grip strength and sit-to-stand power with performance outcomes in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: Eighty-seven older adults completed the sit-to-stand power test using a linear transducer. The highest peak power from the three trials was recorded. Grip strength was assessed using a Jamar dynamometer. Performance measures included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for balance, walk speed, and chair stand test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) at fast and normal paces, and physical function and mobility questionnaires as self-reported outcome measures. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine correlations. RESULTS: Participants (70.5 years; 55% female) had an average SPPB score of 10.6 out of 12. Sit to stand peak power was moderately correlated with grip strength (r = 0.67, 95% CI (0.53, 0.77). Sit-to-stand power had a stronger correlation than grip strength with SPPB (0.38 vs. 0.22), chair stand test (-0.43 vs. -0.25), TUG fast pace (-0.43 vs. -0.30), TUG normal pace (-0.40 vs. -0.29), physical function questionnaire (0.43 vs. 0.34),and mobility questionnaire (0.38 vs. 0.27). CONCLUSION: Sit-to-stand power showed stronger associations with physical performance and self-reported outcomes than grip strength in community-living older adults
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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Comparison of Power Training Using Plate-Loaded vs. Pneumatic Machines on Strength, Power, and Physical Function in Older Adults
No full textBackground: In randomized controlled trials, power training has been shown to be more effective than conventional resistance training for improving physical function in older adults; however, most of these trials used pneumatic machines for power training. Considering that the majority of the people only have access to plate-loaded machines, it is important to examine the benefits and adverse effects of power training using plate-loaded machines compared to pneumatic machines to determine the feasibility of their use. Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to compare high-velocity training using pneumatic machines and standard plate-loaded machines on power, physical function, strength and adverse effects. Methods: A total of 36 independently-living older adults, 65 years or older, were randomized into two groups: pneumatic machine (Pn, n=19) and plate-loaded machine (PL, n=17). After 12 weeks of high-velocity training twice per week, groups were compared using an intention-to-treat approach. The primary outcome was lower body power measured using a linear transducer and upper body power using medicine ball throw. Secondary outcomes were lower and upper body strength, the Physical Performance Battery (PPB), gallon jug test and get up and go test, and self-reported function using Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and an online video questionnaire. The outcome assessor was blinded to group membership. Results: Lower body power significantly improved in both groups (Pn: 19%, PL: 31%), but there was no significant difference between the groups (d=0.4, 95% CI (-1.1, 0.3). Upper body power significantly improved only in the PL group, but showed no significant difference between the groups (Pn: 3%, PL: 6%). For secondary outcome of balance, the Pn group showed a significant difference between the groups and favored the Pn group (d=0.7, 95% CI (0.1, 1.4). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups for PPB, gallon jug transfer, strength, get up and go or self-reported function. No intervention-related or serious adverse events were reported in either of the groups. Conclusions: Pneumatic machines were not superior to plate-loaded machines in improving power in older adults. Pneumatic and plate-loaded machines were both effective in improving lower body power and physical function in older adults. The results suggest that power training can be effectively and safely performed using plate-loaded machines among older adults.</p
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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