1,721,039 research outputs found
Privacy 501 dataset in support of the publication 'Person-centred data sharing: Empirical studies in private individuals’ attitudes'
No full textAnonymous dataset capturing 501 UK citizen (crowd-sourced via Prolific.co) attitudes to data sharing and privacy. The survey was generated following a UKRI project (DARE UK PRiAM); </span
Overwhelmed by privacy
No full textMuch has been written about privacy attitudes and how private citizens makedecisions to share their personal data. The privacy paradox, for instance, maintains that despite claims to be concerned about the privacy of their data, private citizen behaviour seems to contradict such claims especially online. A series of well-known consumer surveys in the USA identified three behavioural types derived from statements relating to three constructs: trust in those receiving the personal data, the individual’s control over their data, and the governance structures in place to protect personal data. Recently, regulation suchas the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe formalised an assumption that private citizens seek control over privacy by defining a comprehensive list of rights and thereby encouraging trust in those processing their data. Nonetheless, others maintain that such attempts at empowering private individuals do not reflect their expectations nor common data sharing practice. Based on a survey derived from a series of workshops with a group interested in patient data privacy, 466 private citizens in the UK shared their attitudes to data sharing and data protection structures. What they discussed compared well with provisions of the GDPR: regulation seems to capture private citizen concerns.Extending the analysis via exploratory factor analysis with 444 response sets, however, we provide evidence that private citizens continue to be overwhelmed by privacy and may not appreciate how much control they really have. Indeed, they report lacking agency regarding their data. Further, data sharing decisions appear to be the result of a pragmatic motivation to achieve a specific task. We conclude that private citizens do not believe they maintain control of their data but act as privacy pragmatists, basing data sharing decisions on transactional motivations and soft trust rather than any statutory rights as set out in data protection regulation
Person-centred data sharing: empirical studies in private individuals’ attitudes
No full textRecognising the power of data analytics, researchers are anxious to gain access to personal data either directly from data subjects or via research data sets. Processing such data requires a secure environment, sometimes referred to as a trusted research environment (TRE). However, it is unclear how the data subjects themselves would regard sharing their data with TREs, especially if the outcome of such research was difficult to specify upfront making the idea of informed consent difficult to manage. In this paper, we review three empirical studies about data sharing to throw some light on private individual attitudes to sharing data, especially health data. The first focuses on cybersecurity, demonstrating that private individuals can make decisions about security measures though usually assume that the recipient of their personal data to be responsible for all aspects of keeping the data safe. The second asks how private individuals make decisions to share their data, and highlights that individuals are aware of risks but are motivated to share their data based on different contextual assumptions. The third looks at the incidental sharing of sensitive data during a saliva testing pilot during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and highlights prosocial motivations which override even the potential benefit of such testing. Taken together, these studies contribute to the complex set of motivations which encourage data sharing in general and highlight eight specific challenges for those wishing to manage a trusted research environment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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