1,720,997 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Satisficing for sustainability in critical care practice:a constructivist grounded theory
Get PDFThe National Health Service (NHS) in England is facing resource management challenges. There are NHS initiatives promoting sustainability of resources, although minimal research exists about frontline practitioners’ understanding of and concerns about sustainability issues. This research focused on critical care because it uses a large amount of NHS resources by serving patients with complex health needs and life-threatening illness. There is limited research-based literature about sustainability in critical care practice. This study, therefore, aimed to address the gap by generating a substantive theory from asking: 1) How is sustainability constructed by practitioners working in critical care? and 2) What are the social processes involved in making sustainability a component of critical care practice? The constructivist grounded theory study collected qualitative data through in-depth, semi-structured interviews in an online session or telephone call. There were eleven participants (nurses, physiotherapists and a technician) who worked in NHS critical care units in the South of England. Sampling began as purposive and progressed to theoretical. Other fundamental grounded theory methods included memoing and concurrent data generation and analysis. Constant comparison analysis was facilitated by dimensional analysis, and constructivist grounded theory coding procedures were used for conceptualising, abstracting and theorising. Data analysis continued until theoretical sufficiency had been reached. Sustainability was defined by participants as a way of sustaining resources for critical care practice into the future. Those resources had financial, environmental and social properties along with broader contextual and conditional influences impacting upon critical care practice and the NHS. Sustainability existed on a continuum with normative, responsible, sustainable and flourishing stages. Full sustainability occurred when all four of these stages were achieved. Satisficing (satisfy + suffice) emerged as the central social process which significantly strengthened the level of sustainability. Satisficing referred to decision-making in practice when someone was satisfied quality critical care had been given within the limits of available resources. Bounded rationality represented the cognitive and environmental factors influencing decision-making and showed ‘how’ satisficing happened. Stewarding was found among participants to be an ethic to use resources responsibly and explained ‘why’ satisficing occurred. The substantive theory, based upon satisficing, bounded rationality and stewarding, is the first theoretical framework for sustainability in critical care practice. This theory offers new insight into how practitioners realise sustainability within their working lives and frames the way sustainable critical care practice can be fostered, taught, and managed.<br/
A critical review of auscultating bowel sounds
No full textAuscultation (listening for bowel sounds) is part of an abdominal physical assessment and is performed to determine whether normal bowel sounds are present. This article evaluates the technique involved in listening for bowel sounds and the significance of both normal and abnormal auscultation findings. Review of the relevant literature reveals conflicting information and a lack of available research on the topic of auscultating bowel sounds. The clinical significance of auscultation findings when there is no evidence base to support the practice of listening for bowel sounds is explored by further analysis of the literature and reflection by the author on the teaching she received and her own personal practice
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Enjoyable learning: the role of humour, games, and fun activities in nursing and midwifery education
No full textEducation that captures the attention of students is an essential aspect of promoting meaningful, active learning. Rather than standing at the front of a group of learners simply speaking about a topic, teachers have the opportunity of livening up their teaching with humour, games, and other fun activities. This article critically evaluates the benefits and limitations of humour within nursing education as well as the use of games and fun activities as teaching strategies. Examples of various games and interactive activities are also provided
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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