1,720,960 research outputs found
Gender budgeting in academia: A powerful tool for gender equality
No full textGender Budgeting (GB) represents an important tool to reach gender equality. The aim of this paper is to refer specifically to gender equality in Research performing organisations (RPOs) and to how GB can ensure Gender Equality Plans (GEPs) sustainability. GB can offer a financial perspective of Gender Equality balance and distribution of power within the RPO, unveiling hidden bias and discriminations. The paper outlines the origin of Gender Budgeting starting from 80s to nowadays and reflects on its first implementation in public entities, at governmental and territorial level and its current implementation within RPOs, wondering whether there may be a link between GB public administration and RPOs’ GEP experiences at territorial level due to the same local attention in gender equality. In this sense, the Italian case is analysed, since this country has a long tradition of local gender budgeting implementation that arises from 2002 (reagarding so far about 137 GB local projects) and a more recent but intense engagement in GB at RPOs’ level (about 30 projects). The experience in GB at local institutional level has in fact been very important to develop the GB methodology analysis by the LeTSGEPs European Project of which Unimore is Leading partner. Such methodology has been developed starting from the Account Based Approach and the Capability approach experimented in GB projects at local level in Italy. A powerful strategy to spread GB in Academia can be considered the presence of guidelines at national level, and again Italy can allow to test this hypothesis thanks to the recent production of guidelines by national level institutions and training activities. The GB methodology allows a budget reclassification as a dashboard to adopt an overall view on every RPO’s activity having a financial evidence. By adopting a gender mainstreaming and capability approach, the GB methodology allows to evaluate the intrinsic gender impact of the activities that have been funded and the male/female stakeholders involved at different levels. Together with analysing the Italian case, this paper illustrates the methodological framework and the GB process in the RPOs as described in the LeTSGEPs methodology
Vulnerability to child maltreatment and neglect in Italy: A proposal of an indicator
No full textBackground: Child maltreatment and neglect is a significant social problem. Present work addresses the important issue of quantifying the vulnerability to child maltreatment and neglect, proposing the application in the Italian context of a new General Index on Vulnerability to Maltreatment and Neglect to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon. Methods: The paper presents the first findings of the vulnerability among Italian minors, obtained through the new General Index, based on a set of 65 indicators that already existed at the regional and national levels. Results: The General Index summarizes both the weaknesses of territory in terms of risk factors and its ability to react according to the policies and public services. A global index could be useful for allocating resources and monitoring progress. To understand and ensure the effectiveness of preventive interventions, it is essential to build both an overall picture at the national and regional levels. Conclusion: This new index could give policymakers information on where to direct their efforts to prevent child maltreatment
Well-Being Gender Budgets: italian local governments cases
Full text linkThis paper implements the methodological tools developed at regional and local governments level on gender budgets, using Sen and Nussbaum capability approach to design Well-Being Gender Budgets (WBGB). Following the methods first discussed in Addabbo, Lanzi and Picchio “On Sustainable Human Development: Gender Auditing in a Capability Approach” (2004), the framework used in this paper is an extended reproductive well-being macro approach that includes unpaid work, focuses on gender inequalities in well-being, and uses an analytical perspective which places the process of social reproduction of the population among the structural processes of the economic system and as a fundamental condition of its sustainability.The paper is divided into four sections. After the Introduction, in the first section the perspective and method of WBGB are presented. In the second, the recent experiences of WBGB adopted in Italy at provincial district and regional level are introduced and the Italian local governments institutional context is presented. In the third, a list of capabilities, based on the administrative structure of the local governments adopting the gender budget, is proposed. In fact, the structure of the different Departments (Health, Education, Transports, etc.) is seen as the result of an historical assumption of public responsibility towards specific dimensions of residents’ well-being, such as: being healthy, educated, mobile in the territory, carer of others, etc.. The context analysis is then designed to provide empirical information on a set of effective functionings that areused to assess gender inequalities in a specific well-being domain.In the fourth section, new tools (capabilities matrices) are introduced, drawn to help public policy actors to become aware of the implications of their choices on the multidimensional well-being of the women and men living in their territory. Moreover, some examples of budgeting monetary resources, taking into account well-being policy objectives are illustrated, with particular reference to the Piedmont Region and the Rome Provincial District.The results of different Italian local-government experiments in WBGB are proposed to share a different way of approaching the assessment of the gender impact of public policies and to open a discussion on their pros and cons. We think that their tools could become a key to policy integration and a basis for social participation in a public reasoning process on well-being, but they need to be discussed in a wider forum, and the possibility of their application to other countries and at different government levels also needs to be discussed
How to select measures for gender equality plans
Full text linkAs recently announced by the European Commission, Gender Equality Plans (GEPs) will become an eligibility criterion in the future Horizon Europe programme (2021-2027) for every legal entity (public body, research center or higher education institution). The complex process of designing a GEP in a Research Performing Organization (RPO) involves different phases. In this paper, recalling the six steps process of the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) GEAR tool for developing GEPs in research institutions, we focus on the third critical step of setting up a GEP. In particular, the EIGE recommendation for an effective GEP design is to get inspiration from measures implemented by other organisations and tailor them to the specific local institutional context. However, analysing other RPO’s GEP measures is a time-consuming effort requiring at least some experience and preparation to understand and evaluate the measures replicability, impact, effectiveness and sustainability. This analysis may be a very complicated task for organisations that are not experienced with GEPs. To address this issue, the paper presents a methodology that aims at supporting RPOs in the selection of measures to be included in the institutional GEP design. The proposed methodology has been defined in the context of the LeTSGEPs Horizon 2020 project and is based on a catalogue of GEPs measures that have been experimented by European RPOs so far. The LeTSGEPs methodology and related catalogue offer a classified guide of the GEP measures' gender impact through several factors, such as: the gender issues to be addressed, the target groups, the stakeholders to be involved, the different dimensions of staff organisational well being, the output and outcome indicators, the possible sustainability strategies. The proposed catalogue may represent a tool able to facilitate RPOs evaluation and selection of measures among those already experimented by other research institutions, offering useful indication on their appropriateness to solve specific issues. At a more general level, the catalogue also provides essential information on the main measures that have been experimented so far in implementing GEPs in European RPOs, the most common areas of interest, and the capabilities involved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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