1,721,089 research outputs found
Environmental performance of a metal-supported protonic ceramic cell and an electrolyte-supported solid oxide cell for steam electrolysis
Get PDFCurrently, higher shares of renewable electricity are promoted to reduce global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and decarbonize the energy sector. Electrolysis can help their integration into the grid but also for energy vector production. In this context, Protonic Ceramic Electrolysis Cells (PCEC) are considered a promising clean energy technology. The ARCADE project focused on developing a cost-effective metal supported Protonic Ceramic Cell (PCC) reactor. Its environmental performance is compared to an existing Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Results show that the faradaic efficiency heavily influences a PCC's environmental performance while manufacturing has minimal impact except for potential human health concerns from metal use. To get more detailed results, further studies on PCC performance, degradation and effect of scaling up from single cells to larger systems are needed but, already at the current state, PCCs show potential for clean energy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Analysis of the progress of antimicrobial resistance management in the Pacific Island Countries and Territories through the development and implementation of National Action Plans
Get PDFThe magnitude of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis is globally
acknowledged. Approximately 700,000 deaths per year are attributed to resistant
infections. By 2050, it is estimated to reach 10 million deaths. The most impacted
by AMR are the lower-middle income countries (LMICs), largely because of
insufficient resources and inadequate infrastructure. The south Pacific Islands
Countries and Territories (PICTs) are comprised of mostly LMICs. The region is
highly susceptible to disease outbreaks and natural disasters. It is anticipated
that these threats will rise owing to the worsening effects of climate change. With
a population of approximately 2.3 million, the PICTs comprise of hundreds of
islands scattered over an area equivalent to 15% of the earth’s surface. With the
increase in holiday and medical tourism to and from this area, the developing
PICTs are at a heightened risk of increased spread of multi-drug resistant
organisms.
To minimise the effects of AMR on countries, the World Health Organization
(WHO) developed a Global Action Plan (GAP). They encouraged each member
country to implement their own National Action Plan (NAP) developed from
objectives aligned with the GAP. There is a paucity of data on AMR governance
framework for this region. This paper assesses the AMR National Action Plans of
the PICTs and evaluates their alignment to the Global Action Plan. With the aim
of monitoring the progress of AMR in PICTs, this study compiles and analyses
the responses of PICTs to the Tripartite AMR Country Self-Assessment Survey
(TrACSS) from 2016 to 2020. Review of recent Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS)
studies from the Pacific region provides an additional understanding of the
significant drivers of AMR impacting on this region and the actions needed to limit
the spread of AMR.
There were significant areas for future development identified by this study.
These include NAP development and implementation from most of the PICTs, strengthening AMR surveillance, introducing mechanisms to prevent stock-outs
of medications and essential medical products, dedicated AMS education for
antimicrobial prescribers, improved infection prevention and control practices,
and ongoing AMR awareness campaigns for the public and healthcare
professionals. Developing, implementing, and monitoring NAPs that are aligned
to the objectives of the Global Action Plan will determine and support best
practises for controlling the spread of AMR in PICTs
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Artificial intelligence supported computer vision for identification of antibiotic response of vancomycin towards gram-positive bacteria
No full textThe spread of antibiotic resistance is a major public health issue on the global scale that requires the development of new techniques that are both rapid and reliable for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). This research introduces a low-cost, AI-supported computer vision system that, is currently still virtual but will make a real impact, to look into whether Staphylococcus carnosus absorbed the antibiotic vancomycin. On the one hand, thanks to phase-contrast microscopy and the YOLOv5 framework, the system has managed to unleash 1,200 grayscale images of bacterial cells allowing the classification of the effects of vancomycin, among others, with accuracy of 97% precision, 92% recall, and 94.5% F1 score (mAP: 0.977). The construction of a sophisticated microfluidic system for incubating bacteria has resulted in unprecedented levels of environmental control, and yet, even traditional systems have not been this successful. This method is a non-visualised, strain-free step, with the promise of scalability and efficiency
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