4 research outputs found
Electroental
No full textThis project blended traditional Middle Eastern instruments and tuning systems with electronic music to create a cross-cultural sonic experience. Instruments such as the ney and the Armenian duduk were recorded live and integrated into electronic compositions using microtonal synthesis and contemporary production techniques. The project addressed the underrepresentation of modal and microtonal scales in electronic music, specifically Saba, Rast, and Bayati. Electronic elements were tailored to accommodate the expressive capacity of Middle Eastern melodic frameworks, particularly maqamat. Synthesizers were customized to replicate traditional scales, while acoustic recordings contributed timbral richness and authenticity. This project presented an alternative to Orientalist tropes by embedding traditional musical systems within modern electronic structures. It proposed a respectful and innovative reflection of Middle Eastern culture through a sound design approach.https://remix.berklee.edu/graduate-studies-production-technology/1410/thumbnail.jp
The organizational and structural dimensions of hunter-gatherer lithic technology : theoretical perspectives from ethnography and ethnoarchaeology applied to the Mesolithic of mainland Britain with a case study from northern England.
No full textThe organizational (procurement, manufacture, maintenance/discard) and structural (composition, diversity, complexity) dimensions of contemporary hunter-gatherer technological strategies are discussed in terms of the selective advantages for limiting subsistence costs and/or risks. It is argued that where subsistence is primarily cost (energy) limited technological strategies differ from those employed where risk (time) is limiting. Anticipatory organizational strategies - embedded procurement and reduction, and curation - achieve their most significant role in time-stressed contexts where there are selective benefits in separating subsistence and technological schedules. Structural strategies-- function-specific tools, diverse tool-kits, complex tool design - offer selective benefits where the act of food procurement is time-stressed. If subsistence is time-stressed but cannot be effectively 'separated from technological schedules tools may be made both reliable (high component redundancy) and maintainable (readily repaired) - the latter being facilitated by limiting component design thereby enabling materials of varied quality to be employed. The implications of differing organizational and structural strategies for the formation of the archaeological record and for the lithic analyst are discussed. Evidence concerning the environment, chronology, economy, settlement and technology of the Mesolithic of mainland Britain is reviewed. For the Earlier Mesolithic an alternative to the Clark model of subsistence and mobility is developed, whilst multivariate analyses of stone tool inventories and evidence concerning the function, complexity and design of microlithic tools provides the basis for suggestions as to the character and significance of the Earlier-Later Mesolithic transition. Analyses of lithic debitage from sites in northern England provide evidence for embedded procurement and reduction strategies during the Earlier Mesolithic consistent with the expectations of a model where autumn was spent in upland valleys engaged in intercept hunting, winter was spent in lowland residences
Friend, 1877-01
No full textPublished by the Rev. Samuel Chenery Damon from 1845 to 1885, The Friend focused on temperance and Christian mission to seamen. It began as a monthly newspaper that included news from both American and English newspapers, and gradually expanded to adding announcements of upcoming events, reprints of sermons, poetry, local news, editorials, ship arrivals and departures and a listing of marriages and deaths. From 1885 through 1887, it was co-edited by the Revs. Cruzan and Oggel. The editorship then passed to Rev. Sereno Bishop, who held the post until the publication of the paper fell under the auspices of the Board of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association in April of 1902 where it remained until June 1954. Since then, it has continued in a different format under the Hawaii Conference-United Church of Christ up to the present day, making it the oldest existing newspaper in the Pacific. Note that there are some irregularities in the numbering of individual issues, so that two issues may have the same volume and number, but different dates will distinguish them.~~ClFIC s..., ,-•o.,_.;, Its Shm·es, its Islands, and J the vast •regions beyond, will become the chle.f theatre oltJ; of events, in D\u27s GRE~rt "11"\u27.:s:"........_·Ji. ietu jeries, iol. 2fr, Jo. 1.} \\~~ S1;w,uw U. H. sen\u27i.\,te, , -.. v t\u27be Shenandoah in 18ti4. 4 claim of sPveral b;rnqred cloliars was recently awarded him at Roman. empire submitted to the Cross. Washington. belonged originally. we believe Dwelling on these is~ands of the Pacific, we to the state of M:aine. and it is thought that WilCONTE1\u271TS For January 1, 1877. PAGR THE FRIEND. {@lh £tries, ilrol. l4. THE CENTENNIAL---THE END. lt is highly gratifying and satisfactory from so many sources, to receive assurances that the " Centennial," has proved a grand success. As private correspondence often con...ains hints and suggestions relative to public affairs and enterprize, which indicate the drift of popular sentiment, it is with much pleasure that we now allow some of our correspondents to speak. A gentleman, writing from Brooklyn, who had just visited Philadelphia tlius writes under date of Nov. 28th= " We spent two days at the C;entennial in May, and a week in SeptP-mber, Rnd did not fail to visit the ~andwich Island Department. Altogether the Centennial has been a perfect success. I never saw so mnny people congregated tog-ether, with so few drawbacks. All seemed anxious to be polite to their neighbors aud give as little trouble as possible. I did not hear of a single case of rudeness or ill-behaviour during the six months it \u27:7as open.\u27\u27 After this opinion of a New York Broker we give an extract from the l~tter of a lad; writing from Baltimore, under date of Nov. 25th, who visited the islands nine months ~go: "An opportunity was afforded me of seeing the Grent Exhibition, with great comfort and in company with an appreciating congenial friend. The first day, ,ve went into the Hawaiian Department, and there 1 felt quite at home, surrounded by Miss Andrews\u27 ferns, the case of birds from Hilo, the kegs of sugar from Capt. Makee\u27s place, (where I was so delightfully entertained for a Wf3ek) the table and lady\u27s stand, (which I 4a4 seeq at the cabinet maker\u27s in Honolulu, wqen he was preparing to send them away.) I alm9st imagined I might be in a room somewhere, at the Sandwich Islands, SQ familiar did everything look and so pleasant was the associaliams was an assumed name. He leaves children, are so situated a8 to witne~s the grand sur- in whose favor be recently rn:irle a will.-P. 0. A. tion, that I could npt refrn in from regi:-:terin? \u27J\u27HE FRIEND, JANUARY, my name in the Visitor\u27s .Book. To return to the Centennial. I met Mr. Lyman, from Cleveland, who was on a visit to Honolulu, some months ago. I also met Miss A rmstrong, whom your son introduced. I send you the Enq-ufrm·, giving an account of the closing exercises of the " Centennial." I saw the grand fire-works from the top of the Main Building, where we had secured seats. I thought it was very good in the Englishman Broek to make such a display \u27 to celebrate our Independence. They were worthy of the nation from which we sprung. I felt proud of our mother country, when I looked on the rare and beautiful exhibits, she sent t.o honor our Centennial,-indeed all nations brought their gifts, and it would properly be called a " World\u27s Fair." I ·c an only say with Esther : " the half had not been told me," and that I felt thankful for the opportunity of seeing and studying the works of Art and Nature and Science, by which I was surrounded." Another correspondent exclaims : u What shall I say about the Centennial? I feel ~o ))owerless to say anything at all, and feel that by my silence, I shall probably be far more eloquent than by any words I can use. It was so overwhelmingly grand, and I felt so exceedingly unimportant, that I wanted to keep just as quiet as possible. No one word more completely conveys my feelings than satisfaction, and that of the most thorough type. No poor wavetossed voyager ever heralded · with . more joy the sight of ]and . than I did the birds, and corals, and welcoming homeobjects which had each a special greeting for me in the midst of this strange new world of sights and sounds. 1 fairly learned to love that dear little n_ook, which seemed to carry me thousands of miles away, as the Magic Carpet might have done, which we read about in the Arabian Nights. Certainly, we Hawaiians have reason to be proud of the way in which our little kingdom has been represented. Mr. Hitchcock was. exceedingly kind and cordial, and made it v,e ry agreeable for me. I scarcely ever was in the room for a few moments but that I met some one from the islands, or who had be12n there. " I spent six or seven full days on the grounds, and the most of the time the weather was perfect. -The first day or two I went systematica1ly, hut the grandeur of the whole kept so growing on me, that I felt it was impossible to think of seeing · everything, and must be satisfied with a general idea. One, at last reaches a point beyond which sightseeing is rather a duty than a pleasure. ! might o]ase my. eyes for months and never be at a loss for sights and thoughts. I have 1877. • been around the world in less than "eighty days." \u27\u27 The Main .Building is on the whole the most compiete and satisfactory. There is a symmetry and perfection there, which I think you miss to a certain extent in the other buildings. You pass from one country to another, in regular order and can compare with ease the different ·products. It is marvellous the sensations which you experience in passing from one side of some tapestried barrier to another. You step from one atmospqer~ into another, now you are in Japan, now in Egypt ; South America, is left for Africa; Italy for Norway and Sweden. I spent a portion of an afternoon with friends visiting China and Japan. Then they Went to ·Italy and I to Australia, and we arranged to meet again in Norway, but in some way or other we missed each other and never met again. You are jostled by all the peoples of the earth-nations come · and go as you advance-the centuries seem . as nothing, viewed from your elevated stand-point. One\u27s thoughts are full of rare old bronzes of marvelous carvings ; curious and dainty work in precious stones ; bales of carpetings and cloths, looms of silks and laces; these overlaying ponderous foundations of iron and stone, built up by patient, toiling, busy men. You are in a dream where color and form run riot. · You feel there is too much and you are glad of the crowd which brings yo!-1 down to the common level again, and such a crowd ! The numbers of visitors on the to the peace and solemn quiet of " Elaine," touched with the light of the coming morning, was like passing from the fury of the· storm into the stillness of the calm. There was another section in the English Department where I saw two pictures of which I had often heard, by Benjamin \Vest, " The Death of Wolfe " and "Christ Blessing Little Children ;" but the theme is endless. ln Machinery Hall I was completely lost. I wandered pitiably hither and thither, and longe~ for some sensible and practical person to set me · right. I saw a great deal however that was wonderful and interesting, especially the grand and sublime Corliss engine. Then there are " Agricultural Hall," " Horticultural Hall," " Government Building," "State Buildings," etc., but their name is legion. I am glad I have had an opportunity to see the greatest wonder of the age. Since I left I find it looms up grander than ever, just as Niagara does the longer you gaze . . But never did or shall poet, author or painter more fully, clearly and concisely convey an "idea of its marvelous 1:1.nd stupendous character than did . that girl whose name is unknown to the world, but whose note finds a response in every visitor·s heart, Centennial grounds are enormous. In many of the buildings, it is almost impossible to make your way around. But if you lose a little here and there, it is more than compensated for by the wonderful sights around . l . you. I th~nk enJoyed the crowd ~nore than anything else! It was so exceedmgly interesting to note the kind, earnest, amused, wondering faces about you, stretching off without end. Every one seemed happily b h , O\u27 d • ent on avrno a goq. time. . I was very much mterested m the Art Building. I am not enough of a critic to qe on th e lookout for flaws and fa~lts 1 but enjoy intensely whatever pleaes me. There was . .. . . one place m the American secti9.n _of Monu: mental Hall where I was much impressed by two pictures. One end Qf the room was covered with that gigantic painfully real picture of Rothepnal\u27s, the battle of Gettys· . · . . . . burg. It is exceedmgly pamful m its realism. Near that hangs a Slllall pain,ting by a San Francisco artist, .Qo~enthal, which created such a furore at tqe time it was first exhibited. I believe many find much \u27 . . · · . fault with ~t, but I ha~e ~ever been ~10re 1~pressed with any ~amti~g than "Yith -this, 1:\u27wning froµi the grim anq gory hattle l)ie{:e fr~~;~ e~te;!~leth:ft~~il~~:/~~~c:r~~=edt:~ to the main hall formed a hollow square about the platform erected at the north end. A few moments after two o\u27clock President Gra,nt arrivehd, and wdasdgrheeteld ;"ith hearty app ause as e ascen e t e p attorm. The orchestra then performed Wagner\u27s "Inau. guration March." The invoca_tion was then delivered by Rev. Jas. A. Seiss of Philaqe}. phia. . Addresse§ were als.o delivered by Hon. A. T. t¼o~horn and Gen. Hawley, the orchestra ~erformjng Beethoven\u27s fifth symphony and the chorus singing the Hallelujah Chorus from the M.esaiah between the speeches. After tl\e enthusiasm had subsi~ed General Ha~ley announce,d tha~ the president _of t_he U mted States would give a telegraphic s1gnal for the stopping of the great Corliss engine, and at the same · moment would announce the close of the exhibition. President Grant accordingly rose and gave the required si~nal by a wa~e o~ his left h~nd, accompanymg the act with tn1s declarat10n : ,~ l declare the centennial in rnational exhibition of 1876 closed." imult:1;neously with the utterance of the official announce• ment it _was instantly communicated by telegr-aph directly to Londo~. . . . All present here umted m srngmg the Doxology, the chorus and orchestra joining. As the last echoe~ died away the audience quietly dispersed. "Dear mother, "Oh! ob!! oh!!! .oh!!!! oh!!!!! "Yours truly.,, all 1 Ceremonies of the Closing Day. PmLADELPHIA, Nov. 10.-The ceremony of closing the exhibition was begun this morning with a federal salute of thirteen I • T Ut Rev. J ot~eph Cook. Some months ago, we read a very able and remarkable article in the American Bibliothe<:a Sam·a, entitled, " Decline of Rationalism in German [Tniv;rsities," by Joseph Cook, A. M. of Boston. Having never previously heard of this writer, as this article was so very thorough and scholarly we made enqu\u27iries, when in the U. S. respecting the writer, and learned that he was a. graduate of . Yale College and Andover theological seminary and was a Congregational orthodox minister of the gospel. We also learned that he had spent several years in Germany and among the learned man of Europe, and now was a While preacher and lecturer, at large. passing through Norwich, Ct;, we heard him preach a remarkable sermon, upon "Conscience" and again heard him speak at the Tremont Temple in Boston. It appears that his lectures have created a profound interest in Boston~ and are now the principal topic of discussion, in that Athens of America, where there are so many active minds. We are indebted to Judge Austin, for copies of the Boston .Daily Adve1·tise1·, containing a full report of these lectures, the subject-.Does .Death .Encl All? In the lectures, Mr. Cook, evinces talents of a high order and extensive research. Those believing in Huxley, Darwil.il. and writers of that class, have met with a man not afraid to meet them upon their own ground and discuss the absurdity of the theory of Materialists. . If this is not the "war of the giants," yet it is a war where men keen, subtle, philosophical, and wellread, are giving and taking blows, and woebetide the smaller combatants who thrust them;elves into the arena. Scarcely a hall, sufficiently large, can be found in Boston, to accommodate the crowds, who are so eager to hear Mr. Cook. Mr. Austin thus writes us under date of November 27th: "We have been attending the lectures of Joseph Cook (whom you spoke to me of when in Boston) and like them much. I sent you the two last lectures \u27Does Death End All?" I shall not believe in Evolution until the chasm between the anim,ate and inanirnate, sha]l be satisfactorily bridged over." [7\u27 We would acknowledge from our old "Compagnon de Voyage," Judge Austin, papers relating to General Cesnola\u27s recent discoveries in Cyprus, where it was our privilege in January, 1870, to inspect with him some remarkable \u27\u27 antiques" and "curios," which the General, had just ex• humed from the ruins of an ancient T emple }, It I E N D , J A N U ! R Y , 1 8 7 7 . of Venus. We enjoyed the rare opportunity of examining these "reliques" when first dug up and which have attracted so much attention in Europe and America. The recent discoveries relate to a period prior to both Roman and Grecian occupancy of the Isle of Cyprus. These "rel1ques," are valued at £12,000 or 60,000: "The result of these tedious labors was the discovery of the treasure which is now offered to the trustees of the British Museum, and will probably, subject to the report of Dr. Birch and Mr. Newton, become the property of the nation. It is, indeed, an amazing treasure to which the finder introduced us the other day, for the contents of the first found chamber proved to be not fewer than 550 objects of gold and gems, consisting of diadems, o~ portions of diadems, and perfect rings, earrings, bracelets, necklets, large solid coiled armlets, some being nearly as thick as one\u27& little finger, and golden leaves; besides a gold cup five inches and a half in diameter, and more than two inches deep, solid, beautifully decorated with a pattern of Egyptian work in lines of lotus in repoussee, finished on the inside with a tool, and worn evidently by frequent use. The rings comprise signets of gems, engraved, in many cases, with art of the highest order, and all being in perfect condition. There were likewise cylinders of Babylonian origin and use, some of which have been ascribed by Assyriologists to epochs, respectively, 1600, 1200, and 600 years B. C. A very considerable portion of the gems are scarabei of fine workmanship and easily recognizable origin; some of them bear Greek letters, others characters which are, severally, Egyptian or Assyrian. Not a few of the intagli are of the loveliest style. Among these we may notice an archaic Greek one, exhibiting Pluto and Proserpine. This, one authority has averred to be the finest example of its order in existence. Another gem bears Boreas, de!!\u27igned and sculptured with wonderful spirit; on a third is a naked figure, probably Venus. Of the Egyptian and Assyrian periods a great number of the finest instances exhibit sacred subjects. The materials are agate, onyx, cardelian, chalcedony, jasper, sard. This large discovery of engraved gems is likely, we understand, to affect the conclusions arrived at by experts in regard to some of the most important bearings of the subject to which these students are devoted, to throw quite unexpected light i,n the history of the glyptic art, and to correct many judgments hitherto held unchallengeable. Some of the gold ornaments are of hardly inferior value in hi~tory and art to the gems. Among these several are declared equal to the best Etruscan examples in design anci execution, where comparisons can be made between chosen works. This class of reliq includes objects, probably fibulre, which are enriched with superbly wrought Chimrerre, rosettes, and honeysuckle-like decorations of Greek fashion, but subject to a decided and obvious Assyrian influence. Some are of solid gold, some of silver on gold, ::.ome of golti on 1 3 silver, some of gold on bronze; a few are of hollow gold. Some comprise enamels in the filling in of the petals of flowers and the eyes of the Chimrerre, a material which has been illustrated in a similar service with regard to certain articles of bronze discovered in one of the other chambers. The only objects not wholly of gold which occurred in the first chamber
Agile Construction and Evolution of Product-Line Architectures
No full textSoftware Product Line Engineering (SPLE) has proved to have significant advantages in family-based software development, but also implies the up¬front design of a product-line architecture (PLA) from which individual product applications can be engineered. The big upfront design associated with PLAs is in conflict with the current need of "being open to change". However, the turbulence of the current business climate makes change inevitable in order to stay competitive, and requires PLAs to be open to change even late in the development. The trend of "being open to change" is manifested in the Agile Software Development (ASD) paradigm, but it is spreading to the domain of SPLE. To reduce the big upfront design of PLAs as currently practiced in SPLE, new paradigms are being created, one being Agile Product Line Engineering (APLE). APLE aims to make the development of product-lines more flexible and adaptable to changes as promoted in ASD. To put APLE into practice it is necessary to make mechanisms available to assist and guide the agile construction and evolution of PLAs while complying with the "be open to change" agile principle. This thesis defines a process for "the agile construction and evolution of product-line architectures", which we refer to as Agile Product-Line Archi-tecting (APLA). The APLA process provides agile architects with a set of models for describing, documenting and tracing PLAs, as well as an algorithm to analyze change impact. Both the models and the change impact analysis offer the following capabilities: Flexibility & adaptability at the time of defining software architectures, enabling change during the incremental and iterative design of PLAs (anticipated or planned changes) and their evolution (unanticipated or unforeseen changes). Assistance in checking architectural integrity through change impact analysis in terms of architectural concerns, such as dependencies on earlier design decisions, rationale, constraints, and risks, etc.Guidance in the change decision-making process through change im¬pact analysis in terms of architectural components and connections. Therefore, APLA provides the mechanisms required to construct and evolve PLAs that can easily be refined iteration after iteration during the APLE development process. These mechanisms are provided in a modeling frame¬work called FPLA. The contributions of this thesis have been validated through the conduction of a project regarding a metering management system in electrical power networks. This case study took place in an i-smart software factory and was in collaboration with the Technical University of Madrid and Indra Software Labs. La Ingeniería de Líneas de Producto Software (Software Product Line Engi¬neering, SPLE) ha demostrado tener ventajas significativas en el desarrollo de software basado en familias de productos. SPLE es un paradigma que se basa en la reutilización sistemática de un conjunto de características comunes que comparten los productos de un mismo dominio o familia, y la personalización masiva a través de una variabilidad bien definida que diferencia unos productos de otros. Este tipo de desarrollo requiere el diseño inicial de una arquitectura de línea de productos (Product-Line Architecture, PLA) a partir de la cual los productos individuales de la familia son diseñados e implementados. La inversión inicial que hay que realizar en el diseño de PLAs entra en conflicto con la necesidad actual de estar continuamente "abierto al cam¬bio", siendo este cambio cada vez más frecuente y radical en la industria software. Para ser competitivos es inevitable adaptarse al cambio, incluso en las últimas etapas del desarrollo de productos software. Esta tendencia se manifiesta de forma especial en el paradigma de Desarrollo Ágil de Software (Agile Software Development, ASD) y se está extendiendo también al ámbito de SPLE. Con el objetivo de reducir la inversión inicial en el diseño de PLAs en la manera en que se plantea en SPLE, en los último años han surgido nuevos enfoques como la Ingeniera de Líneas de Producto Software Ágiles (Agile Product Line Engineering, APLE). APLE propone el desarrollo de líneas de producto de forma más flexible y adaptable a los cambios, iterativa e incremental. Para ello, es necesario disponer de mecanismos que ayuden y guíen a los arquitectos de líneas de producto en el diseño y evolución ágil de PLAs, mientras se cumple con el principio ágil de estar abierto al cambio. Esta tesis define un proceso para la "construcción y evolución ágil de las arquitecturas de lineas de producto software". A este proceso se le ha denominado Agile Product-Line Architecting (APLA). El proceso APLA proporciona a los arquitectos software un conjunto de modelos para de¬scribir, documentar y trazar PLAs, así como un algoritmo para analizar vel impacto del cambio. Los modelos y el análisis del impacto del cambio ofrecen: Flexibilidad y adaptabilidad a la hora de definir las arquitecturas software, facilitando el cambio durante el diseño incremental e iterativo de PLAs (cambios esperados o previstos) y su evolución (cambios no previstos). Asistencia en la verificación de la integridad arquitectónica mediante el análisis de impacto de los cambios en términos de dependencias entre decisiones de diseño, justificación de las decisiones de diseño, limitaciones, riesgos, etc. Orientación en la toma de decisiones derivadas del cambio mediante el análisis de impacto de los cambios en términos de componentes y conexiones. De esta manera, APLA se presenta como una solución para la construcción y evolución de PLAs de forma que puedan ser fácilmente refinadas iteración tras iteración de un ciclo de vida de líneas de producto ágiles. Dicha solución se ha implementado en una herramienta llamada FPLA (Flexible Product-Line Architecture) y ha sido validada mediante su aplicación en un proyecto de desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de medición en redes de energía eléctrica. Dicho proyecto ha sido desarrollado en una fábrica de software global en colaboración con la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid e Indra Software Labs
