1,720,986 research outputs found
The importance of de-ritis ratio in prediction of pathological results in prostate cancer
Full text linkAmaç: Bu çalışma, prostat kanseri tanısıyla radikal prostatektomi yapılan hastalarda operasyon öncesi bakılan De Ritis oranının (serum Aspartat Transaminaz (AST)/Alanin Transaminaz (ALT)) ameliyat sonrası ISUP-GG (International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group) derece yükselmesi (upgrade) ve patolojik sonuçları öngörmedeki etkinliği araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 2012-2022 yılları arasında lokalize prostat kanseri nedeniyle radikal prostatektomi yapılan 152 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların operasyon öncesi 1 aylık süre içerisinde bakılan serum AST ve ALT değerleri çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların yaşı, preoperatif tümör karakteristikleri (biyopsi öncesi PSA, prostat volümü, PSA dansitesi, biyopsi ISUP- GG, maksimum biyopsi tümör volümü) ve prostatektomi patolojik özellikleri (ISUP-GG, patolojik tümör evresi, lenf nodu tutulumu, seminal vezikül invazyonu ve cerrahi sınır durumu) değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Radikal prostatektomi sonrası ISUP upgrade saptanan grupta De Ritis oranı ortalaması upgrade saptanmayan gruba göre daha düşük saptandı (1,14±0,28 karşı 1,10±0,27, p=0.38). Upgrade tahmin etmek için yapılan ROC eğri analizi sonucunda optimal De Ritis oranı eşiği 1.22 olarak hesaplandı. Düşük De Ritis oranı olan grupta upgrade görülme oranı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek saptandı (%51'e karşı %34, p=0.05). Düşük De Ritis oranı olan hastalarda, radikal prostatektomi sonrası patolojik T3, seminal vezikül invazyonu ve lenf nodu invazyonu oranları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmasa da daha yüksek saptandı (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.68, 0.50 ve 0.39). Sonuçlar: Çalışmamız sonucunda düşük De Ritis oranı ile radikal prostatektomi sonrası ISUP upgrade ve olumsuz patolojik özellikler (T3, lenf nodu tutulumu, seminal vezikül invazyonu) arasında ilişkili olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.Objective: The usefulness of the preoperative De Ritis ratio in predicting post-operative ISUP-GG (International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group) upgrading and pathological outcomes was examined in this study. Materials and Methods: In our study, 152 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer between 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Blood samples including AST and ALT were collected a month before surgery. Age, preoperative tumor characteristics, such as pre-biopsy PSA, prostate volume, PSA density, biopsy ISUP-GG, maximum biopsy tumour volume, and prostatectomy pathological features, such as ISUP-GG, pathological tumour stage, lymph node involvement, seminal vesicle invasion, and surgical margin status, were assessed. Results: The mean De Ritis ratio was found to be lower in the group with ISUP upgrading than in the group without upgrade following radical prostatectomy (1,14±0,28 versus 1,10±0,27, p=0.38). The optimal cutoff value for the De Ritis ratio was 1.22 as a result of the ROC curve study to predict the upgrade. The group with a low De Ritis ratio had a greater rate of upgrading, which was statistically significant (51% versus 34%, p=0.05). Pathological T3, seminal vesicle invasion, and lymph node invasion rates were observed to be higher in patients with low De Ritis ratio following radical prostatectomy, although this finding was not statistically significant (p values of 0.68, 0.50, and 0.39, respectively). Conclusions: According to our research, a low De Ritis ratio may be linked to ISUP upgrading and unfavorable pathological traits (T3, lymph node involvement, and seminal vesicle invasion) following radical prostatectomy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Investigation of the protective and therapeutic effects of silymarin on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage
Full text linkGiriş ve amaç: Deve dikeni (Silybum marianum) bitkisinden elde edilen bir flavanoid olan silimarin serbest oksijen radikallerinden koruyan kuvvetli bir antioksidan maddedir. İnsan ve hayvan modellerinde bu maddenin antioksidan, anti-enflamatuvar etkileri gösterilmiştir. Siklofosfamid (CYP) alkilleyici ilaçlar grubunda yer alan, immünsüpresan ve kanser önleyici bir ilaçtır. CYP rejimleri alan erkeklerde testiküler atrofi, infertilite ve azospermi insidansının arttığı gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız ratlarda siklofosfamidle indüklenen testiküler hasar modelinde silimarinin testiküler dokuda koruyucu ve tedavi edici etkilerini biyokimyasal belirteçler ve histopatolojik sonuçlar açısından araştırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışmada toplam 47 Wistar-Albino ırkı erkek rat kullanıldı. Kontrol grubunda 5, diğer deney gruplarında her biri 7 adet olacak şekilde (1 kontrol ve 6 deney grubu) planlama yapıldı. Deneyde siklofosfamid tek doz intraperitoneal ve silimarin (SMN) günde 2 defa oral gavaj ile verildi. Denekler 14. günün sonunda sakrifiye edildi. Serum folikül stimüle edici hormon (FSH), luteinize edici hormon (LH), testosteron, total antiksidan kapasite (TAS), total oksidatif kapasite (TOS), malondialdehit (MDA) aktivitesi ölçümleri yapıldı. Sağ testis histopatolojik inceleme için, sol testis TAS, TOS, MDA aktivitesi ölçümü için kullanıldı. Histolojik inceleme için Hematoksilen-Eozin, Gomori Trikrom boyama yapıldı. Johnsen skorlamasıyla testiküler hasar değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre testis ağırlıkları, ağırlık indeksi ve hacimlerinde gruplar arasında anlamlı fark izlenmedi. Deneklerin ağırlık değişimlerine bakıldığında SMN koruyucu olarak verildiğinde kilo değişimini anlamlı ölçüde azalttığı ancak normal seviyeye çıkaramadığı görüldü. SMN' nin koruyucu ve tedavi edici olarak kullanımının oksidatif stres indeksini anlamlı düzeyde düşürdüğü izlendi. Serum ve doku MDA düzeylerinde anlamlı farklılık izlenmedi. Silimarinin hormonal dengeyi korumada etkin olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda silimarin siklofosfamidin neden olduğu testiküler hasarda histopatolojik ve biyokimyasal iyileşme sağlamıştır. Ayrıca testiküler hasarı önlemede silimarinin tedavi edici etkisinin, koruyucu etkisine göre daha güçlü olduğu ve artan dozlarla iyileşme oranının da arttığı görülmüştür. Gelecekte yapılacak randomize prospektif çalışmalar, silimarinin testis hasarında özellikle fertilitenin korunması ve tedavisi için kullanımı açısından yol gösterici olacaktır.Introduction and objective: Silymarin, a flavonoid derived from the plant milk thistle (Silybum marianum), is a potent antioxidant that protects against free oxygen radicals. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated in both human and animal models. Cyclophosphamide (CYP), a member of the alkylating agents group, is an immunosuppressive and anticancer drug. It has been shown that men undergoing CYP regimens experience increased incidence of testicular atrophy, infertility, and azoospermia. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of silymarin on testicular tissue in a cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage model in rats, using biochemical markers and histopathological outcomes. Materials and Methods: A total of 47 male Wistar-Albino rats were used in this study. The study was planned with one control group consisting of 5 rats and six experimental groups, each comprising 7 rats. Cyclophosphamide was administered as a single intraperitoneal dose, while silymarin (SMN) was given twice daily via oral gavage. At the end of day 14, the rats were sacrificed. Measurements included serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidative capacity (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity. The right testis was used for histopathological examination, while the left testis was used for TAS, TOS, and MDA activity measurements. For histological analysis, Hematoxylin-Eosin and Gomori Trichrome staining were performed. Testicular damage was evaluated using Johnsen's scoring system. Results: According to the analysis results, no significant differences were observed between the groups in testicular weight, weight index, and volume. Regarding weight changes in the subjects, it was noted that silymarin (SMN), when administered as a protective agent, significantly reduced weight loss but did not restore it to normal levels. The use of SMN as both a protective and therapeutic agent was found to significantly reduce the oxidative stress index. No significant differences were observed in serum and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Silymarin was shown to be effective in maintaining hormonal balance. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that silymarin provided histopathological and biochemical improvement in cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage. Furthermore, the therapeutic effect of silymarin in preventing testicular damage was found to be more potent than its protective effect, with higher doses correlating with an increased rate of recovery. Future randomized prospective studies will be instrumental in guiding the use of silymarin for the prevention and treatment of testicular damage, particularly in preserving fertility.
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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