1,720,974 research outputs found
Algebraic aspects of Bayesian modeling in psychology
No full textSeveral Bayesian models in perceptual and cognitive psychology show a complex organization that is only partly captured by referring to Bayes rule and the associated concepts of prior, likelihood, and posterior distributions. In this article, an algebraic framework is constructed that may serve as a guide for representing and analyzing the internal organization of these models. The construction begins by defining a comprehensive class of probabilistic structures, called probability kernels, and by focusing on three basic operations on them, called projection, conditioning, and promotion. The expressive power of these operations is then illustrated by showing how suitable combinations of them cover typical moves of Bayesian computations, such as mixing or inducing probability distributions, marginalizing likelihood functions, and Bayes rule itself. As a central finding, we show that a suitable combination of the basic operations gives rise to a binary relation that organizes any complete set of probability kernels as a lattice, and we highlight the peculiarities of this algebraic structure. Lastly, we illustrate the analytic use of the proposed framework by applying it to two Bayesian models from the literature, one concerning spatial vision and the other concerning category representation
Desirable properties of Bayesian models in perceptual psychology. A discussion of distribution families closed under multiplication
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Seguendo le Tracce della Complessità/ Following the traces of Complexity
Full text linkQuesta raccolta di scritti nasce come omaggio ad Armando De Guio in occasione del ritiro dall'attività accademica. Il suo entusiasmo e la sua mente brillante hanno contribuito ad aprire la strada verso spazi e tempi inesplorati, anticipando talvolta di interi decenni le direzioni metodologiche applicative della ricerca archeologica a livello nazionale e internazionale. Sulle sue tracce - multiformi, a volte complesse, ma sempre illuminanti - gli autori di questo volume hanno costruito i loro contributi quali segno tangibile di stima, affetto e gratitudine a una figura che è stata, e continua a essere, un punto di riferimento del panorama archeologico italiano
Sulle tracce dei più antichi vetri dell'Altopiano dei Sette Comuni Vicentini
No full textThis contribution presents the first comprehensive survey of the protohistoric glasses found on the Altopiano dei Sette Comuni Vicentini in the sites of Monte Corgnon (Lusiana) and Bostel (Rotzo) during the excavations directed by Armando De Guio. Starting from the history of the studies, the work offers insights into the typo-chronology, stratigraphy, topography, and function of the finds considered. Also, the paper proposes and briefly discusses the preliminary results of the archaeometric analysis of the major, minor and trace elements carried out by LA-ICP-MS, as a means for understanding the raw materials, the coloring/ opacification technologies and the origin of the base glass
Evaluating the plausibility of edited throwing animations
No full textAnimation budget constraints during the development of a game often call for the use of a limited set of generic motions. Editing operations are thus generally required to animate virtual characters with a sufficient level of variety. Evaluating the perceptual plausibility of edited animations can therefore contribute greatly towards producing visually plausible animations. In this paper we study observers' sensitivity to manipulations of overarm and underarm biological throwing animations. In our first experiment, we used Dynamic Time Warping to edit the biological throwing motions, and modified the release velocity of the ball accordingly. We found that observers are more tolerant to speeding up of the original throwing motion than to slowing down, and that slowed down underarm throws are perceived as particularly unnatural. In our second experiment, we modified separately horizontal and vertical components of the release velocity of the ball, while leaving the motion of the thrower unchanged. We found that observers are more sensitive to manipulations of the horizontal component in overarm throws, and of the vertical component in underarm throws. As in the first experiment, we found that observers are most disturbed by decreases in the velocity of the ball in underarm throws. Our results provide valuable insights for developers of games and VR applications by specifying thresholds for the perceptual plausibility of throwing manipulations
Automatic Recognition del record archeologico di superficie: una proposta aperta all’Intelligenza Artificiale e all’Archeologia Stratigrafica
No full textL’Intelligenza Artificiale (I.A.) è attualmente uno dei domini di maggiore interesse per l’archeologia spaziale e il telerilevamento archeologico. A partire dalle precoci intuizioni di Armando De Guio, questo contributo intende offrire uno sguardo teorico-metodologico “archaeology-oriented” degli aspetti più significativi del riconoscimento automatico delle tracce archeologiche. L’approccio proposto pone l’accento sulla stretta relazione tra le dinamiche di formazione e trasformazione del record archeologico e le tracce residuali visibili in superficie. Questo rapporto, infatti, risulta fondamentale nella fase di addestramento di un’Intelligenza Artificiale funzionale al riconoscimento automatico di queste evidenz
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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