1,721,068 research outputs found
Motor abilities, body image and physical self-efficacy in obese and non-obese chidren.
No full textAIM: To analyse the relationship among motor abilities, body image and self-efficacy in 30 males (mean ± SD age 9.23 ± 1.13 years, height 138.97 ± 8.81 cm, weight 40.97 ± 11.53 kg) and 38 females (mean ± SD age 8.87 ± 0.84 years, height 135.63 ± 8.12 cm, weight 39.96 ± 11.13 kg), and to check the possible differences by gender and body weight. METHODS: Difference between perceived and ideal body image (BI) was measured with seven same-gender silhouettes (Collins 1991), and self-efficacy with the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale for Children (Colella et al. 2007, in press). Age-appropriate field-based tests of standing long jump (SLJ), 1 Kg medicine ball throw (MBT), basketball throw (BT), 10-m and 20-m sprint from a standing position (10-m and 20-m), and agility test (4 x 10 m) were also administered to the participants.RESULTS: ANOVA 2 (sex) x 2 (group) was executed for each variable. Significant differences by gender were found in all motor tests with males performed better than females. Significant main effects by group emerged in the difference between perceived and ideal body image, in SLJ, 10-m, 20-m and agility tests. Children NOW presented a lower difference between the real and ideal body image and performed better in motor tests than their OW/OB counterparts. Significant main effects between sex and group were found on 20-m test: follow-up with the Scheffé test indicated that NOW males differed from all other partecipants. Pearson’s product-moment correlations revealed significant relationships (p<.01) between the six motor-performance tests, and between BMI and SLJ, BMI and 20-m, BMI and BI. All motor tests except for MBT and BT were correlated with the Physical Self-efficacy Scale (p<.001) and with the difference between perceived and ideal body image (p<.01). Results confirm that OW/OB children report greater body dissatisfaction and poorer performances on weight-bearing tasks than their normal-weight peers
Motor abilities, body image and physical self-efficacy in obese and non-obese children,
No full textAIM: To analyse the relationship among motor abilities, body image and self-efficacy in 30 males (mean ± SD age 9.23 ± 1.13 years, height 138.97 ± 8.81 cm, weight 40.97 ± 11.53 kg) and 38 females (mean ± SD age 8.87 ± 0.84 years, height 135.63 ± 8.12 cm, weight 39.96 ± 11.13 kg), and to check the possible differences by gender and body weight. METHODS: Difference between perceived and ideal body image (BI) was measured with seven same-gender silhouettes (Collins 1991), and self-efficacy with the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale for Children (Colella et al. 2007, in press). Age-appropriate field-based tests of standing long jump (SLJ), 1 Kg medicine ball throw (MBT), basketball throw (BT), 10-m and 20-m sprint from a standing position (10-m and 20-m), and agility test (4 x 10 m) were also administered to the participants. Pupils were classified into non-overweight (NOW, boys: n=13; girls: n=14) and overweight/obese (OW/OB, boys: n=17; girls: n=24) groups according to the age and sex specific cut-off points described by Cole et al. (2000). Children NOW presented a lower difference between the real and ideal body image and performed better in motor tests than their OW/OB counterparts. Significant main effects between sex and group were found on 20-m test: follow-up with the Scheffé test indicated that NOW males differed from all other partecipants. Pearson’s product-moment correlations revealed significant relationships (p<.01) between the six motor-performance tests, and between BMI and SLJ, BMI and 20-m, BMI and BI. All motor tests except for MBT and BT were correlated with the Physical Self-efficacy Scale (p<.001) and with the difference between perceived and ideal body image (p<.01). CONCLUSION: Results confirm that OW/OB children report greater body dissatisfaction and poorer performances on weight-bearing tasks than their normal-weight peers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The relationship between body image, physical self-efficacy and motor abilities in children
No full textBody image is viewed as the picture people have in their minds of the size, shape and form of their bodies, together the feelings concerning these characteristics and body parts. In bodily self-perception, therefore, besides anatomical and physiological aspects, cognitive and emotional components influence subjective experience. The aim of the present study was to analyse the relationship among body image, physical self-efficacy and motor abilities in 160 subjects aged 8 and 10 years (40 males and 40 females of each age), and to check possible differences by gender and age.This study was designed to assess age and gender differences in some motor abilities, body discrepancy, and physical self-efficacy. Results by gender confirm that males showed a higher perceived physical ability than females [20], but do not support previous research indicating the existence of gender differences in Body Discrepancy.. Males are usually more involved than girls in motor activities and sport, with greater opportunities to develop physical abilities and skills, increasing perceptions of their competence as a consequence. Nevertheless gender differences in perceived physical abilties may reflect the different socio-cultural stereotyped perception, which induces females to perceive themselves as less skillful than males.Stereotyped beliefs regarding males and females may thus play a role in the context of the relations linking psychological factors and performance, and may influence attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in significant ways. For instance, it was found that boys value sports and believe in their sport abilities more than girls. Other research has also pointed out that girls are less likely to participate in activities promoting the development of motor skills associated with sports.As far as age was concerned, in the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale the 10-yr.-old subjects rated themselves higher than younger children. Perceptions of physical competence of pupils aged 10 are problably congruent with their actual competence given the increased cognitive maturity of accurately estimating their ability. Regarding body image, the significant differences by age found are problably correlate with physiological characteristics of children, such as body mass and maturational status.In light of the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity, and the concomitant becoming thinner of the aesthetic ideal, longitudinal research should investigate the relationships between physical performance and perceptual, attitudinal, and behavioral components in obese and non-obese children. Additional studies should be designed to analyze whether type, quality and quantity of childhood sport practice are able to determine significant differences in psychological constructs
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Perceived motivational climate influences athletes’ emotion regulation strategies, emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences
No full textThe purpose of the study was to investigate whether athletes’ perceptions about the motivational climate created by their coach influence emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences of athletes. A sample of 459 competitive athletes (201 women, 258 men), aged 16–35 years, drawn from individual and team sports, completed self-assessment measures of perceived motivational climate, emotion regulation, sport emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences. Main results from structural equation modeling showed that perceived mastery climate was positively related to cognitive reappraisal, pleasant emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences, while perceived performance climate was positively related to expressive suppression and unpleasant emotions. Moreover, mediation analysis showed perceived mastery climate to have positive indirect effects on pleasant emotions and psychobiosocial experiences via cognitive reappraisal, while performance climate had indirect effects on unpleasant emotions via expressive suppression. Overall findings suggest that the type of motivational climate created by the coach has consequences in terms of athletes’ emotion regulation strategies, emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences
Approach-avoidance individual differences in changing students' responses to physical education
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