1,721,058 research outputs found
Block linear majorants in quadratic 0-1 optimization
No full textAbstractA usual technique to generate upper bounds on the optimum of a quadratic 0–1 maximization problem is to consider a linear majorant (LM) of the quadratic objective function f and then solve the corresponding linear relaxation. Several papers have considered LMs obtained by termwise bounding, but the possibility of bounding groups of terms simultaneously does not appear to have been given much attention so far. In the present paper a broad and flexible computational framework is developed for implementing such a strategy. Here is a brief overview of our approach: in the first place, a suitable collection of “elementary” quadratic functions of few variables (typically, 3 or 4) is generated. All the coefficients of any such function (block) are either 1 or −1, and agree in sign with the corresponding coefficients of the given quadratic function. Next, for each block, a tightest LM (i.e., one having the same value as the block in as many points as possible), or a closest LM (i.e., one minimizing the sum of slacks) is computed. This can be accomplished through the solution of a small mixed-integer program, or a small linear program, respectively. Finally, the objective function is written as a weighted sum of blocks, with non-negative weights. Replacing in this expression each block by the corresponding LM yields an LM of f. We shall choose the weights in this process so that the maximum value of the resulting linear function is as small as possible. This amounts to a large-scale (but still polynomial-size) linear program, which may be solved exactly or, for larger instances, approximately by truncated column generation. The results of a set of 480 numerical tests with up to 200 variables are presented: the upper bounds on the quadratic optimum obtained by the above procedure are (provably) never worse, and often turn out to be substantially sharper, than those resulting from termwise bounding. Moreover, our bounds turn out to be close to the optimum in many (although not all) instances of some well-known benchmarks
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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