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ATHEROGENETIC MECHANISMS AND MORPHOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS IN DIFFERENT LOCATIONS: ARE THEY IDENTICAL?
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A survey on Knowledge and perceptions regarding head lice on a sample of teachers and students in primary schools of north and south of Italy
Full text linkHigh rates of pediculosis are found in every part of the world.
The age-range most affected is between 3 and 12 years. No-nit
policies are ineffective in preventing infestations. On the other
hand, misdiagnosis and overuse of pediculicides, increase resistance
to treatment. Lack of information leads people to consider
this kind of infestation to be associated to low social classes
and immigrants.
This research has been implemented to find out about the
information level on pediculosis on a sample of students (722)
and teachers (408) of some primary schools in northern and
southern Italy, and to highlight the role of personal aspects
such as age, gender, cultural level, geographical position which
may influence this topic and, eventually, allow the use of the
correct knowledge in developing appropriate procedures within
the school district. Data was obtained through a questionnaire
containing 21 multiple choice questions for the teachers and 14
for the students. Standard descriptive statistics were computed.
χ2 tests were applied to highlight statistical association among
observed variables; test for the difference of two proportions
were applied to confirm significant differences among the
observed proportions.
The level of information for students seems to be, approximately,
the same both for northern and southern Italy. There was a slight
prevalence of correct answers from southern teachers, probably
because the phenomenon of pediculosis has a positive trend of
growth in the south. The number of correct answers was, for all,
on average about 60.0%; a negative result in itself, considering
the simplicity of the questions. Knowledge about the biology of
the louse was virtually absent. The area of prevention showed
lack of information and need for improvement. Most of the
teachers believe that there are specific products that can prevent
infestation by louse. Most of the teachers have information which
does not come from scientific sources. Students receive some
short and incomplete information from their parents.
Deficiencies in teachers’ knowledge indicate that they are
inadequately equipped to manage lice infestation. Educational
interventions with teachers and families and, as a consequence,
with students should be taught at school to allow a correct understanding
of the pediculosis, increasing the teachers’ competence
and, consequently, as soon as the infestation should manifest, a
rapid alert of the Health Service so that proper treatment could
be provided.
Introduction
Millions of individuals, most frequently from 3 to 12
years old, are infested with lice each year. Due to lack
of correct information and procedures for appropriate
action, the management of episodes of pediculosis in
schools is difficult [1-3].
Pediculosis is increasing in every country of the world
and it is perceived as a public health problem. In Italy,
25.0% of schools throughout the country experience an
outbreak of epidemic pediculosis during autumn, with
an estimated prevalence of between 8,0 and 10,0% over
the entire primary school population [4]. Research indicated
that the number of pharmaceutical preparations
used annuall
DETECTION OF HIV TYPE 1 (HIV-1) NON-B SUBTYPES IN SICILY, ITALY
No full textTo evaluate the presence of HIV-1 non-B subtypes in Sicily, we sequenced and genotyped HIV-1 PR and RT regions of the pol gene using plasma from 169 HIV-1-infected adult patients. All samples were obtained from a study of antiretroviral-associated resistance mutations resulting in virological failure during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Eight (4.7%) patients had the non-B HIV-1 subtype including some circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). All of these individuals acquired the infection by heterosexual transmission. The detection of HIV-1 non-B strains was significantly associated with younger age of HIV-1 acquisition. Our findings indicate, for the first time, the presence of HIV-1 non-B subtypes in Sicily in patients who experienced virological failure during HAART, and highlight the need for implementing a network for the epidemiological surveillance of HIV-1 subtypes in Southern Europe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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