1,721,011 research outputs found
SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES FOR APPLICATIONS IN GENE THERAPY: A REVIEW OF THE STATE OF THE ART
No full textTHERAPEUTIC-LOADED LIPID NANOSTRUCTURES AND BRAIN DISEASES.
No full textCentral Nervous System (CNS) diseases represent the largest and
fastest growing area of unmet medical need since an alarming
increase in brain disease incidence is going on. Despite major
advances in neuroscience, many potential therapeutic agents
are denied access to the CNS because of the existence of a
physiological low permeable barrier, the Blood-Brain Barrier
(BBB). To obtain an improvement of drug CNS performance,
sophisticated approaches such as nanoparticulate systems are
rapidly developing. In particular, in this chapter, the most recent
data demonstrating the potential of lipid nanostructures, such
as Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid
Carriers (NLC), to transport drugs successfully into the brainfor the treatment of CNS diseases including Alzheimer’s and
Parkinson’s diseases, cancer, mood disorder, AIDS, and bacterial
infections, are summarised. Their use as drug delivery systems
is associated with many advantages that include an excellent
storage stability, a relatively easy production without the use
of any organic solvent, the possibility of steam sterilization
and lyophilization, and large scale production. Moreover, SLN
and NLC are obtained by using physiologically well-tolerated
ingredients already approved for pharmaceutical applications
in humans and show low toxicity when administered. Because
of their small size, these systems may be injected intravenously
and avoid the uptake of macrophages of mononuclear phagocyte
system (MPS). Moreover, their lipophilic features lead them to
CNS by an endocytotic mechanism, overcoming the BBB
APPLICATION OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES IN IMMUNOTHERAPY
No full textPurpose of review
The purpose of the present review is to underline the importance of nanoparticulate carriers, such as polymeric nanoparticles, in the future development of safe and effective formulation in the field of immunotherapy against infectious diseases and cancer.
Recent findings
Polymeric nanoparticles can modulate the immune response, that is, by targeting antigens to dendritic
cells that possess a crucial role in initiating immune responses, and might be potentially useful in immunotherapy.
Summary
In the last decades, significant progress in research and clinics has been made to offer possible innovative therapeutics for the management of infectious diseases and cancer. Polymeric nanoparticles are particularly adept at facilitating immunotherapeutic approaches because they can be engineered to have different
physical properties, encapsulated agents, and surface ligands. Moreover, these systems are administrable for all routes, are capable of being actively taken up by dendritic cells and have shown promising potential in systemic and mucosal immunotherapy. Here, some recent findings on these systems, in their potential applications for infectious and cancer immunotherapy, are reported
LIPID NANOPARTICLES AS CARRIERS FOR TARGETED RELEASE OF RILUZOLE INTO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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BRAIN-TARGETED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING RILUZOLE: PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIODISTRIBUTION
No full textAim: Developments within nanomedicine have revealed a great potential for drug delivery to the brain. In this study nanoparticulate systems as drug carriers for riluzole, with sufficiently high loading capacity and small particle size, were prepared to a reach therapeutic drug level in the brain. Materials & method: Solid lipid nanoparticles containing riluzole have great potential as drug-delivery systems for myotrophic lateral sclerosis and were produced by using the warm oil-in-water microemulsion technique. The resulting systems obtained were approximately 88 nm in size and negatively charged. Drug-release profiles demonstrated that a drug release was dependent on medium pH. Biodistribution of riluzole blended into
solid lipid nanoparticles was carried out after administration to rats and the results were compared with those obtained by riluzole aqueous dispersion administration. Rats were sacrificed at time intervals of 8, 16 and 30 h, and the riluzole concentration in the blood and organs such as the brain, liver, spleen, heart
and kidney was determined. Results: It was demonstrated that these solid lipid nanoparticles were able to successfully carry riluzole into the CNS. Moreover, a low drug biodistribution in organs such as the liver,
spleen, heart, kidneys and lung was found when riluzole was administered as drug-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Conclusion: Riluzole-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles showed colloidal size and high drug loading, a greater efficacy than free riluzole in rats, a higher capability to carry the drug into the brain and a lower indiscriminate biodistribution
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GALACTOSILATED NANODEVICES CONTAINING A RIBAVIRIN PRODRUG FOR LIVER TARGETING
No full textPEGYLATED PHOSPHOLIPID-POLYASPARTAMIDE COPOLYMERS AS SELF-ASSEMBLING COLLOIDAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
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