1,720,961 research outputs found
Inhibiton of cholesterol ester synthesis reduces cytokine production in the P388D1 macrophage-like cell line
No full textPossibile coinvolgimento della Pgp MDR1 nel controllo della proliferazione in una linea di cellule linfoblastiche umane
No full text
Possibile ruolo della P-gp nella riduzione del colesterolo di membrana e nella trasduzione del segnale durante durante la proliferazione
No full textInhibition of cholesterol esterification influences cytokine exspression in lypopolisaccharide-activated P388D1 macrophages
No full textSeveral in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the involvement of infectious agents in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms by which micro-organisms induce and/or aggravate atherosclerosis, are so far unclear. Accumulation of cholesterol esters and lipid laden cell formation are hallmark of the atherogenesis, however, the possible relationship between cholesterol esterification and the signal-transducing component of LPS recognition complex inducing cytokine secretion has not been yet investigated. In the present study, we investigated the effect of mevinolin, the ACAT inhibitor, Sandoz 58035, and plasma from statin-treated hypercholesterolemic patients on cholesterol metabolism and cytokine expression in LPS activated P388D1 macrophages. In P388D1 macrophages cholesterol synthesis and uptake, as well as cholesterol ester synthesis, were unchanged following LPSactivation. When cells were grown in presence of serum from patients under statin therapy, cholesterol esterification was lower compared to cells grown with plasma from healthy subjects, independently from the type of statin used. This effect was accompanied by inhibition of IL-1β expression in LPS activated cells. The ACAT inhibitor, Sandoz 58035, which completely blocked cholesterol esterification in normal and LPS-activated macrophages, prevented? IL-1β and IL-6 overexpression in LPS activated cells. Although preliminary, these data point to a possible relationship between cholesterol esterification and cytokine production in macrophages, prospecting new possible mechanisms by which microbial or inflammatory agents may induce and/or accelerate the atherosclerotic process
Correlation between cholesterol esterification MDR1 gene expression and rate of cell proliferation in CEM and MOLT4 cell lines
No full textA positive correlation between cholesterol esterification and growth rate potential was previously found in our laboratory during the growth of CEM and MOLT4 lymphoblastic cells. In the current study, we investigated whether the rates of cholesterol esters synthesis correlate with changes of acyl-CoAcholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) mRNA levels and of other genes implied in cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake? such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMGCoA) reductase and low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. The results showed that the more rapid growing CEM cells had lower levels of expression of HMGCoA-reductase and LDL receptors compared to MOLT4. By contrast, ACAT mRNA levels were higher in CEM cells, further supporting the concept of a possible involvement of cholesterol esters in the regulation of cell growth and division. In this study, high levels of cholesterol esterification and of expression of ACAT gene were also associated with a markedly increased expression of multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene, suggesting that MDR1 activity might contribute to regulate the fate of cell growth and division by modulating intracellular cholesterol ester levels
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Production of inflammatory molecules in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from severely glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient subjects
No full textAbstract: Objective: We have previously demonstrated that Mediterranean glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)- deficient peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC) respond to mitogenic stimuli with a reduced cholesterol synthesis and growth. In the present study, we have investigated the release of inflammatory molecules by PBMC following a mitogenic stimulus, as well as the transformation to foam cells of monocyte-derived macrophages from severely G6PD-deficient and normal subjects.
Methods and Results: PBMC from G6PD-deficient subjects produced interleukin ( IL)-1 beta and IL-6 to a lower extent compared with normal subjects. 5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, a primary product of 5-lipoxygenase, was slightly decreased. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-1 beta secretion was significantly reduced in monocyte-derived macrophages. No difference was found in IL-1 beta secretion, whereas transforming growth factor-beta was invariably found to be significantly higher in G6PD-deficient cells. In cells incubated with acetylated low- density lipoprotein, cholesterol esterification and its storage in lipid droplets were lower than in normal G6PD cells.
Conclusions: We conclude that by reducing the secretion of inflammatory molecules by PBMC and increasing the secretion of transforming growth factor-beta and the capability of monocyte- derived macrophages to accumulate lipid droplets and convert into foam cells, G6PD deficiency may confer a partial protection against atherosclerosis leading to the reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases reported in G6PD- deficient subjects
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
