1,720,994 research outputs found
Hydrogeological monitoring and modelling in the S. Lorenzo road tunnel area (Passo della Morte, Udine) for the design of countermeasure works
No full textIn the eastern Italian Alps, a large deep-seated rock block slide affects the S. Lorenzo road tunnel (46°23'49" N, 12°42'51" E) along the National Road 52 "Carnica", near to Passo della Morte (Udine Province); the tunnel was excavated through a fractured carbonatic rock mass overthrusted on clay-rich units. Previous studies of the unstable slope outlined the relationship between slope displacements and groundwater flow in the fractured rock mass. The conceptual geological model of the area, together with field observations, allowed specific investigation and monitoring activities to be defined in order to investigate this relationship. In particular, during the last years, six weirs were built and pressure transducers were installed in order to assess the total water discharge from the area. Moreover, 14 piezometers were drilled outside and inside the tunnel to monitor the hydraulic head. After 15 years of monitoring the groundwater system can be described in detail. In particular, results show a double flow system. The first is almost constant for all the year, while the second is influenced by rainfall events and is hosted in faults, fractures and joints in the western part of the tunnel, in the area of the larger and deep-seated rock slide. A three-dimensional groundwater flow model was built and calibrated along the total outflow from the road tunnel in order to better understand the interactions between groundwater flow and road infrastructure. In particular, the effects of countermeasures works, like the extension of the drainage adit in the carbonatic rock mass, was tested
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
