1,720,983 research outputs found
Cognitive predictors of weight loss treatment outcome: 2. Self-Efficacy, body weight and weight loss.
No full textCognitive predictors of weight loss treatment outcome: I- Depression in drop-out and non dropout obese.
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Ruolo della melatonina in soggetti obesi con sindrome delle apnee ostruttive
Full text linkLa melatonina è il principale ormone secreto dalla ghiandola pineale secondo un’alternanza luce-buio. Per la sua influenza sul ritmo sonno-veglia questo ormone è stato impiegato nei disturbi da cambio di fuso orario (Jet-lag) e nei disturbi del sonno. L’uso della melatonina mantiene inalterate le fasi di sonno REM (Rapid Eye Moviments) e non provoca sonnolenza al risveglio ed è proprio perciò che potrebbe trovare impiego fra i pazienti affetti da obesità: questi ultimi, infatti, presentano molto spesso compromissione della qualità del sonno ed in buona percentuale sono affetti da OSAS (Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome), patologia diagnosticata specificamente con la polisonnografia (PSG) e caratterizzata da ricorrenti episodi di desaturazione dell’ossiemoglobina durante il sonno.
La regolazione del sonno prevede molteplici interazioni ormonali come il bilanciamento tra GHRH e CRH, rispettivamente promotore e inibitore del sonno, in equilibrio con la secrezione di melatonina di cui, in pazienti affetti da OSAS, è stata documentata una assenza del picco notturno .
Le interazioni ormonali (insulina, GH, leptina, catecolamine, ACTH) sarebbero alterate nelle OSAS e potrebbero determinare il mantenimento del sovrappeso e la difficoltà a perdere peso, alterando il meccanismo del senso di sazietà e di stimolazione dell’appetito. Il nostro è stato uno studio osservazionale su 36 soggetti con OSAS in sovrappeso o obesi: l’obiettivo è stato quello di valutare, rispetto al gruppo di controllo, se l’uso di melatonina 3 mg in aggiunta al trattamento dietetico ed alla prescrizione di moderata attività fisica, migliorando la qualità del sonno, favorisca una migliore adesione alla dieta ed un maggior calo ponderale. I risultati al termine dello studio sono stati incoraggianti nel sottogruppo trattato con melatonina rispetto a quello di controllo: peso medio (kg): - 6.25 vs -2.8 kg ; BMI medio (%): - 6.9 vs -3.01 %; circonferenza vita media (cm): - 6.8 vs -3.5 cm; Indice di Pittsburgh medio (qualità sonno) (%): - 68.75 vs – 45.68 % (p value = 0.01), dato quest’ultimo statisticamente significativo. Il sottogruppo trattato con melatonina ha avuto anche una maggior riduzione dei valori dei parametri antropometrici e ci permette di ipotizzare l’uso della melatonina come potenziale farmaco di supporto nel trattamento dell’obesità in pazienti affetti da OSAS.
Parole chiave: melatonina; ritmo sonno-veglia; obesità; OSAS; bilanciamento GHRH/ CRH; senso di sazietà.The melatonina is the principal hormone secreted by the pineal gland according to an alternation light-dark. For his/her influence on the rhythm sleep-vigil this hormone has been employed in the change troubles of fused schedule (Jet-lag) and in the troubles of the sleep. The use of the melatonina maintains unchanged the phases of sleep REM (Rapid Eye Moviments) and it doesn't provoke drowsiness to the awakening and it is really therefore that you/he/she could find employment among the patients affections from obesity: these last, in fact, very often introduces compromissione of the quality of the sleep and in good percentage they are affections from OSAS (Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome), pathology specifically diagnosed with the polisonnografia (PSG) and characterized by recurrent episodes of desaturazione of the ossiemoglobina during the sleep.The regulation of the sleep foresees manifold hormonal interactions as the balancing between GHRH and CRH, respectively promoter and inhibitor of the sleep, in equilibrium with the secretion of melatonina of which, in patient affections from OSAS, an absence of the nighttime peak has been documented.The hormonal (insuline, GH, leptina, catecolamine, ACTH) interactions would have altered in the OSASs and you/they could determine the maintenance of the overweight and the difficulty to lose weight altering the mechanism of the sense of satisfaction and stimulation of the appetite. Ours has been a study osservazionale on 36 subjects with OSAS in overweight or obese: the objective has been that to appraise, in comparison to the group of control, if the use of melatonina 3 mgs additionally to the dietary treatment and the prescription of moderate physical activity, improving the quality of the sleep, favors a best adhesion to the diet and a great decrease ponder her. The results at the end of the study have been encouraging in the subgroup treated with melatonina in comparison to that of control: middle (kg) weight: - 6.25 vs -2.8 kg; BMI I mediate (%): - 6.9 vs -3.01%; circumference middle (cm) life: - 6.8 vs -3.5 cms; Index in middle (quality sleep) (%) Pittsburgh: - 68.75 vs. 45.68% (p value = 0.01), statistically gives this last meaningful. The subgroup treated with melatonina has also had a great reduction of the values of the parameters antropometrici and it allows us to hypothesize the use of the melatonina as potential medicine of support in the treatment of the obesity in patient affections from OSAS.
Key words: melatonina; rhythm sleep-vigil; obesity; OSAS; balancing GHRH / CRH; sense of satisfaction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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