1,720,967 research outputs found
Involvement of the EIIB and EIIA domains of the beta-glucoside operon regulator in regulation of the duration of diauxic lag in pneumococci
No full textSystems biology approach reveals involvment of the EIIB and EIIA domains of the beta-glucoside operon regulator in regulation of the duration of diauxic lag in pneumococci
No full textVaginal immunization to elicit primary T-cell activation and dissemination
Full text linkPrimary T-cell activation at mucosal sites is of utmost importance for the development of vaccination strategies. T-cell
priming after vaginal immunization, with ovalbumin and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide adjuvant as model vaccine formulation,
was studied in vivo in hormone-synchronized mice and compared to the one induced by the nasal route. Twenty-four hours
after both vaginal or nasal immunization, antigen-loaded dendritic cells were detected within the respective draining lymph
nodes. Vaginal immunization elicited a strong recruitment of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells into draining lymph nodes that
was more rapid than the one observed following nasal immunization. T-cell clonal expansion was first detected in iliac
lymph nodes, draining the genital tract, and proliferated T cells disseminated towards distal lymph nodes and spleen
similarly to what observed following nasal immunization. T cells were indeed activated by the antigen encounter and
acquired homing molecules essential to disseminate towards distal lymphoid organs as confirmed by the modulation of
CD45RB, CD69, CD44 and CD62L marker expression. A multi-type Galton Watson branching process, previously used for in
vitro analysis of T-cell proliferation, was applied to model in vivo CFSE proliferation data in draining lymph nodes 57 hours
following immunization, in order to calculate the probabilistic decision of a cell to enter in division, rest in quiescence or
migrate/die. The modelling analysis indicated that the probability of a cell to proliferate was higher following vaginal than
nasal immunization. All together these data show that vaginal immunization, despite the absence of an organized mucosal
associated inductive site in the genital tract, is very efficient in priming antigen-specific CD4+ T cells and inducing their
dissemination from draining lymph nodes towards distal lymphoid organs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A nonlinear dynamic model for diauxic growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae on glucose and cellobiose
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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