1,720,958 research outputs found
Association study of FASN, ACLY, ACACA, SCD, ELOVL6 genes with backfat fatty acid profile and intramuscular fat in Italian Large White pigs
No full textFatty acid composition (FAC) of backfat tissue in pigs is an important trait in pig industry mainly for dry-cured ham produc- tion. In pig adipose tissue, variations in FAC contributes to qual- itative characteristics of fresh meat and seasoned products. FAC is influenced by diet, genetics, breed, sex and environmental fac- tors. Several genes affecting fatty acid composition were high- lighted but the regulation of fatty acid (FA) metabolism and fat deposition is complex and not plenty known yet. For the current study we considered eight known SNPs of 5 candidate genes Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Alpha (ACACA), Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) chosen for their functions in lipid metabolism and for the genome positions to perform an association study with FA composition in Italian Large White (ILW) breed. A sample of 536 ILW pigs was geno- typed using PCR-RFLP or High Resolution Melting (HRM) PCR. FAC was determined by gas chromatography after after direct trans-esterification of subcutaneous lipids. The results allowed to determine that 37.58% of the total FA of backfat was represent- ed by saturated FA (SFA), 43.70% by monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and 18.29% by polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). The content of individual SFA, MUFA and PUFA of the analyzed tissue was measured. The association between FA and the genotypes of the 5 candidate genes was assessed using a MIXED model and SAS software. Moreover, the coefficient of correlation between the analysed FA was calculated. Genotyping results revealed that the polymorphisms ACACA NM_198837:c.4899G>A, ACACA NM_198837:c.5196T>C, and ELOVL6 XM_003357048:c.533C>T were monomorphic in the analyzed samples. Significant associ- ation with FAC were obtained for the SNP FASN AY183428:g.265T>C with C14 (P=0.005), C18 (P=0.008), C20 (P=0.0006). The SNP SCD AY487830:g.2228T>C was associated to C18:1 (P=0.03). and MUFA (P=0.05). Moreover ACLY NM_001105302:c.2956T>C presented a significant effect on C20 (P=0.05) and C18:2 cis9,trans11(P=0.05). These results high- lighted that the key genes for lipid metabolism considered in the study can regulate backfat FAC of ILW and the analysed polymor- phisms could be markers useful to modulate the subcutaneous FA profile in pigs
Comparison of expression levels of fourteen genes involved in the lipid and energy metabolism in two pig breeds
No full textFat content, fatty acid composition and lean cut weight are important parameters which influence meat and carcass quality in pigs. Up to now, the genes involved in the regulation of the lipid and energy metabolism in porcine skeletal muscle and fat tissue are still relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of fourteen genes (ACACA, ACLY, CES3, ENO3, FASN, INSIG2, LMNA, MTTP, ACVR1C, NAMPT, PLIN1, PLIN2, PLTP and SORT1) mapped on different chromosomes (1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 17) which were chosen for their involvement in lipid or energy metabolism in porcine muscle and backfat tissue. Tissue samples from Italian Large White and Italian Duroc pig breeds were collected at the slaughterhouse and frozen in liquid nitrogen. After extraction, the mRNA was quantified by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the transcription levels of the genes analysed were compared between breeds for each tissue. In the backfat tissue, differences were found for the ACACA, ACLY, and FASN genes whose highest gene expression levels were found in Italian Large White pigs. In addition, a correlation analysis was carried out between the transcription levels of the genes considered in each tissue and breed. Co-expression relationships still relatively unknown were identified, suggesting new associations between genes which in some cases differed between the two breeds. These results suggest differences between Italian Large White and Italian Duroc pig breeds determined at the genome level affecting carcass quality and fat traits
DNA barcoding e strategie riproduttive nel genere Ramazzottius (Tardigrada, Eutardigrada)
No full textNell’ambito del progetto MoDNA (morfologia e DNA) è stato utilizzato l’approccio del DNA barcoding, associato a comparazioni morfologiche e cariologiche. E’ stata valutata la variabilità inter- ed intraspecifica nel genere Ramazzottius, caratterizzato dalla presenza di specie criptiche e da diverse modalità riproduttive e talvolta diverso grado di ploidia.
Mediante approccio morfologico (LM, SEM) e molecolare (mtDNA cox1) sono stati analizzati esemplari di Ramazzottius provenienti da 15 località europee. Per correlare morfologia e sequenze sono stati allestiti voucher specimens, compresi gusci di uova (molto importanti per la diagnosi specifica) dalle quali sono sgusciati neonati utilizzati per l’analisi molecolare.
Tre campioni contengono rispettivamente Ramazzottius varieornatus, Ramazzottius tribulosus ed una nuova specie di Ramazzottius, distinguibili sia su base morfologica che molecolare. Negli altri campioni gli esemplari (animali e uova) sono tutti morfologicamente attribuibili a Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri, ma si distinguono tra loro per sex ratio, ploidia e per notevoli differenze molecolari.
I dati evidenziano la validità dell’approccio integrato nello studio della diversità nei tardigradi e dell’utilizzo del DNA barcoding. Nel genere Ramazzottius, ed in particolare nell’ambito della morfospecie R. oberhaeuseri, è confermata la presenza di specie criptiche, alcune delle quali con ampia diffusione e con strategie riproduttive diverse
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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