1,720,983 research outputs found
Increased incidence of infective post-operative complications after caesarean section in HIV-infected women
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Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) in HIV-Infected Women
No full textBackground: to determine the effect of HIV infection on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Methods: retrospective study. Results: the sensitivity and specificity of Papanicolaou tests (PAP smear) were 94% and 80%. Patients with a normal Pap smear had higher CD4+ cell count compared to patients with squamous intraepithelial lesions but the difference was not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney test). The distribution of cervical dysplasia was similar regardless of antiretroviral therapy (χP test). 22% of surgically treated women had persistent or recurrent disease. Conclusions: lower CD4+ cell counts are not predictive of the presence of cervical dysplasia. All HIV-infected women, independently from their immunological and clinical conditions, need regular PAP smears with appropriate follow- up for abnormal results
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
162 HIV-1 infected pregnant women and vertical transmission. Results of a prospective study.
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Screening and treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in HIV-infected women.
No full textBackground. To determine: 1) whether the pathology correlates with the degree of immunosuppression, 2) whether there is a relation between pathology and antiretroviral therapies, 3) whether Papanicolau (Pap) smears correlate with colposcopic and histologic findings, 4) whether there is rapid genital disease progression after standard gynaecologic care. Methods. Retrospective study. Immunologic, gynaecologic and virologic data were extracted either from patients charts or from laboratory testing. Results. At first visit Pap smears resulted normal in 43.7% of the women, 8.4% of the patients had reactive and reparative changes, 2.8% atypical cells of undetermined significance, 33.8% low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and 11.3% high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Patients with a normal PAP smear had higher CD4 cell count (318±191 cells/μL) compared to patients with squamous intraepithelial lesions (297±116 cells/μL) but the difference was not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney test). The distribution of cervical dysplasia was found to be similar regardless of antiretroviral therapy (?2 test). The sensitivity and specificity of Pap tests for detecting CIN were 94 and 80%. Twenty-two per cent of surgically treated women had persistent or recurrent disease. Conclusions. Lower CD4+ cell counts are not predictive of the presence of cervical dysplasia. All HIV-infected women, independently from their immunological and clinical conditions, need regular Pap smears with appropriate follow-up for abnormal cervicovaginal cytology, this could prevent nearly all deaths from cervical cancer
162 HIV-1 infected pregnant women and vertical transmission: Results of a prospective study,162 Donne gravide HIV-1 positive e la trasmissione verticale del virus: Risultati di uno studio prospettico
No full textBackground: Aim of this paper is to describe the changes over a 16-year period of the characteristics and management of HIV infected pregnant women. Methods. Prospective study: analysis of data obtained from 162 women and 176 infants. Factors evaluated included: maternal sociodemographic level, immunological and virological parameters, antiretroviral therapy, mode of delivery, pregnancy outcome and babies follow-up. Results. The proportion of women with heterosexual acquisition of infection has increased significantly from 13.5% in 1985-1989 to 47.1% in 1996-2001 (p<0.0005, Fisher's exact test), while the proportion acquiring HIV through injecting drugs has declined. Mean CD4 cell count at delivery was 535x106/1 (±522.3x106/1). In 1990, 50% of mothers received antiretroviral therapy, rising significantly to 87.5% in 2000. The elective cesarean section was introduced in 1998 and its rate has increased to 75% in 2000. The vertical transmission rate changed from 9.5% in 1985-1989 to 14.3% in 1996-2000 (this difference was not statistically significant, Fisher's exact test). Conclusions. Social characteristics of the HIV-infected women have changed since the mid-1980s: in recent times women are having children at increasingly older ages and are more likely to know that they are HIV infected when they become pregnant. Antiretroviral therapy, elective caesarean delivery and avoidance of breastfeeding can reduce transmission of HIV, but the vertical transmission rate was unaffected by their use in our study and it remains high in comparison with rates reported from other studies
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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