1,720,990 research outputs found
Illicit animal trade and infectious diseases
Full text linkPublished online: 20 March 2025Can evasionary practices in the commercial trade of live animals spread infectious animal diseases? We analyze the link between discrepancies in the traded value of live animals that are reported by partner countries – a proxy measure which has been used in the trade literature to uncover evidence on smuggling across items like antiques, cultural property, or natural resources – and infectious animal diseases. The results imply that a 1% increase in illicit live animal trade is associated with a 0.3% to 0.5% rise in infection cases in animals, which is driven by evasionary practices like species mis-classification and under-pricing. Crucially, we demonstrate that robust border inspections effectively curb these risks, offering a practical tool to combat the spread of animal diseases through illicit live animal trade
International Trade, Investment, and the Sustainable Development Goals: Conclusion
No full textThe chapters in this volume have shown that international trade and foreign investment can contribute in different ways to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at all levels, be it international, supranational, transnational, national or subnational
Introduction
No full textIn September 2015, world leaders adopted the 2030 Agenda for SustainableDevelopment, a global effort under the auspices of the United Nations(UN) to tackle poverty, climate change and violence while promoting moreequal, inclusive and prosperous societies. They agreed on 17 SustainableDevelopment Goals (SDGs) and 169 ambitious SDG targets coveringall areas of human development and the environment to guide develop-ment efforts through the 2030 time horizon. The SDGs representa fundamentally distinctive approach to development that moves awayfrom a narrow perspective on economic development to an integrativeagenda that simultaneously pursues ecological, social and economic goals(Stevens and Kanie 2016). By aiming to create socialfloors and to ensurethat the human impact on the environment does not exceed planetaryboundaries, the SDGs encapsulate the seeds of substantive transformation toward sustainable development. The effective implementation of theSDGs requires national action and international cooperation, as well asthe involvement of a wide variety of both state and non-state actors
International Trade, Investment, and the Sustainable Development Goals - World Trade Forum
No full textIn September 2015, world leaders adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, a global effort under the auspices of the United Nations (UN) to tackle poverty, climate change and violence while promoting more equal, inclusive and prosperous societies. They agreed on 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 ambitious SDG targets covering all areas of human development and the environment to guide development efforts through the 2030 time horizon. The SDGs represent a fundamentally distinctive approach to development that moves away from a narrow perspective on economic development to an integrative agenda that simultaneously pursues ecological, social and economic goals (Stevens and Kanie 2016)
Institutions, trade, and development: identifying the impact of country-specific characteristics on international trade
No full textWe quantify the impact of country-specific institutions on international trade and development in a structural gravity framework. The econometric analysis offers robust evidence that stronger institutions promote trade. A counterfactual analysis reveals that the changes in institutional quality in the poor countries in our sample between 1996 and 2006 have had, via their impact on imports from rich countries, significant and heterogeneous welfare effects, varying between −2% and 5%. Our approach is readily applicable to identifying the impact of any country-specific variable on international trade in the structural gravity framework
Migrant integration policies and bilateral migration
Full text linkUsing a novel gravity methodology based on international and intra-national (i.e. internal) migration flows, I investigate the impact of non-discriminatory migrant integration policies set by destination countries on bilateral migration. In a sample of 27 destination countries and 189 origin countries for the years 2010-2014, I show that these policies, on average, positively affect migration. Moving from the 25th percentile to the median of the variable that summarizes all migrant integration policies leads to a predicted 27 percent increase in international, relative to internal migration flows. Not all migrant integration policies, however, have such positive effect. Only policies favoring migrants' access to nationality and policies affording migrants legal protection from discrimination are robust determinants of migration flows
Offshoring in the Global Economy: Microeconomic Structure and Macroeconomic Implications by Robert C. Feenstra MIT Press, 2010
No full textReducing tariff evasion : the role of trade facilitation
Full text linkAvailable online: 31 January 2022Can simplifying customs procedures reduce tariff evasion? We measure tariff evasion as the mis-representation of import values in response to increasing tariffs. In a dataset covering 121 countries and the whole set of HS6 product categories in 2012, 2015, and 2017, we show that simplifying border procedures, that is trade facilitation, reduces tariff evasion. Holding tariff rate constant at its mean, improving a country’s overall trade facilitation performance from the 25th percentile to the median reduces tariff evasion by almost 20%. The moderating effect is especially due to improving the pre-shipment legal certainty of customs procedures. Among the potential mechanisms, improving trade facilitation performance is effective in reducing tariff evasion due to under-reporting of import prices, as well as in countries with weaker control of corruption. The results suggest that countries can gradually implement trade facilitation reforms to cost-effectively minimize tariff evasion
- …
