1,720,991 research outputs found
VII. Le analisi archeobiologiche di Santo Stefano in Vicolongo
No full textAnalisi archeobotaniche nel sito di Santo Stefano (Novi di Modena
Le analisi archeobotaniche (Forum Gallorum)
No full textAnalisi archeobotaniche (semi/frutti e carboni) dal sito della mansio di Forum Gallorum a Castelfranco Emilia (MO
Dalla Collezione Archeocarpologica i ricordi della biodiversità del passato nell’area modenese: dati insoliti per il ripristino e la conservazione degli ambienti umidi.
No full textLa Collezione Archeocarpologica si è costituita grazie alle attività di ricerca in ambito archeobotanico del nostro Laboratorio. Copre un arco di tempo che va dall’Età del Bronzo al Rinascimento e, pur incentrata sull’Emilia Romagna, ospita reperti di varie provenienze italiane e non. E’ noto che gli studi archeobotanici sono determinanti per la ricostruzione del paesaggio e per il rapporto uomo-piante, ma lo sono altrettanto per studiare la biodiversità del passato e comprendere e salvaguardare la biodiversità attuale. In particolare le indagini carpologiche rappresentano il mezzo per colmare lo hiatus fino al XVIII sec., quando si sviluppano ricerche floristiche/raccolte di erbario; i semi/frutti, se ben conservati, sono di solito riconducibili a una specie, testimoniandone la pregressa esistenza in una area circoscritta. Un esempio applicativo riguarda l’area di Modena, da sempre caratterizzata da una forte presenza di ambienti umidi fin dall’età classica. Dall’esame di 110.000 reperti di piante di ambiente umido, afferenti a oltre 100 taxa, dal Periodo Romano al Medioevo, e dal confronto con il censimento della flora attuale nella stessa area, è emerso che 8 specie sono ora assenti, 8 sono citate nelle vecchie flore e non più ritrovate, mentre 21 sono presenti ma minacciate/rarefatte (es. Baldellia ranunculoides, Cicuta virosa, Cladium mariscus, Eleocharis acicularis, Radiola linoides). Tali dati, insieme alle ricostruzioni paleoambientali dei siti di rinvenimento, sono alla base della possibilità di effettuare sagge opere di conservazione, ripristino/reintroduzione in residue aree umide del modenese. La Collezione Archeocarpologica, un oggetto museale nato dalla ricerca, continua così a svolgere una importante funzione applicativa
L’analisi degli elementi trutturali lignei della miniera di Perticara
No full textVengono qui presentati i risultati delle analisi xilologiche effettuate come saggio su dodici elementi strutturali lignei della miniera di zolfo di Perticara (Novafeltria, RN). L’individuazione dei taxa utilizzati per la realizzazione delle armature e di altri elementi della miniera fornisce uno spunto per fare ipotesi sull’utilizzo di risorse vegetali locali o provenienti da altri luoghi, al fine di fornire altre informazioni sul sistema-miniera nel suo complesso
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Archaeological and archaeobotanical analysis of the funerary ritual in urban and peri-urban necropolis of a Roman colony of Northern Italy
No full textAn interdisciplinary method involving different disciplines of archeology was carried out on the necropolis of Mutina, in order to have a complete view of the funerary rituals. For a multidisciplinary approach in order to study the funerary rituals, epigraphic, litterary, iconographic, archaeological and archaeobotanical evidences have been taken into consideration. A total of 142 graves and 4 structures have been analysed, coming from 8 necropolis (1st – 4th century AD). Over 2131 liters of soil was sieved and then archaeobotanical (seeds/fruit, charcoals) and archaeological findings were collected. These remains of meals left on the graves and of the objects involved in the ceremonies, are evidences resulting from the attendance of the funeral space. In addition to traditional methods, new technologies (CT-scan and SAXS - in collaboration with Huddersfield University) helped to study offerings presence
Late Holocene plant exploitation for charcoal production and grazing in northern Apennines inferred from charcoals analysis
No full textMonte Cimone and Corno alle Scale are two protected mountains included in the Natura 2000 Network. The top of these mountains is characterized by Vaccinium and Nardus meadows and the timberline, formed by coppice beech forest, reaches 1600-1700 m a.s.l. Historical sources show the importance of these mountains for pastoral activities, which have been practiced until the 1950s, and then decreased drastically. Many pastoral structures, found (but not dated) in the current grassland of Monte Cimone, are witness of the ancient pastoral activity. Charcoal analysis provided information on the past wood vegetation changes in response to climate change and human impact, with details at the scale of the slope. Two altitudinal transects were carried out for
the pedoanthracological study: nine pits were excavated and sampled from 1650 to 2078 m a.s.l at Monte Cimone, and eight pits from 1600 to 1860 m a.s.l. at Corno alle Scale. Moreover, an anthracological study was carried out on eight charcoal platforms. A total of 14 taxa were identified (e.g. Ericaceae and Fagus sylvatica). Almost all radiocarbon dates refer to the Late Holocene. Charcoal analysis data suggest that the inhabitants of the two mountain areas have exploited the natural physical conformation of the territory to use and manage the natural resources through the sylvopastoral activities, thus using the wood on the steep slope for charcoal production and the plateau for grazing activity
The “green” history of the city of Modena (Emilia Romagna, Northern Italy): archaeobotanical information from Roman to Medieval Ages
No full textThe study of seeds/fruits in archaeological excavations in urban areas helps to outline the history of the city, for the reconstruction of the process of urbanization; the organic materials preserved in waterlogged conditions below the historical towns are a fundamental resource. The Archaeobotanyin such cases provides important results when the material examined comes from several sites that show the territory over a quite long period.
This contribution refers to the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of Mutina, a roman colony founded in 183 BCE, important both for strategic and economic reasons, described by Cicero as a “firmissimam et splendidissimam populi romani coloniam”. Numerous archaeological sites of the Roman Period (2nd BCE – 6th centuries CE) which have come to light in Modena have been investigated. The information provided by botanical remains has allowed the interpretation of palaeoethnobotany, history and knowledge of flora and vegetal landscape of the Modena area during the Roman Age. The archaeobotanical research brings the most obvious evidence of wealth and welfare of the city, including the availability of luxury products and the cultivation of exotic and ornamental plants. The sites show a large range of crops, including several related to textiles, dyeing and sheep breeding for wool, for which the city of Modena was famous. From the environmental/floristic point of view, all sites give clear evidence of wetlands (which have characterized the urban area until the early 20th century), with the presence of plants then disappeared from Modena and, in some cases, by whole Emilia Romagna region, underlining the most biodiversity existing in the area compared to the current. Research has revealed a floristic list numerically superior than the one available (almost 300 taxa) for the over thirty Roman sites previously studied from a carpological standpoint in Emilia Romagna.
Further studies were performed for the Middle Ages, providing informations about the urban environment during some of the maximum expansion phases of the city (9th – 13th centuries CE). The collected data confirmed the persistence of this high plant biodiversity, combined with a great presence of wetlands vegetation. This can be related to the connotation of medieval Modena as a water city, characterized by an extended network of canals, considerable as the main vector of commerce. Another information that emerged regards the richness and the persistence of traditional economic cultivations, both for the voluptuary genders and for the subsistence ones, suggesting a strong component of cultural continuity
Archaeobotany for reconstruction of Gardens
No full textOur Laboratory carries out the reconstruction of green spaces of the past through archaeobotanical analysis integrated with evidence from other disciplines. For the Roman Period, research on domus of Modena and Forlì reported ornamental species, some frequently recurring (such as box, acanthus and myrtle); for the suburban area was rebuilt green furniture around a fish farming. The Middle Ages and Renaissance presents the most interesting cases: in Ferrara, the Giardino delle Duchesse of Este family, the green space of the Benedictine Monastery of S. Antonio in Polesine and the kitchen gardens of via Vaspergolo/corso Porta Reno; in Modena, the green space of the Bishop’s Palace. For the Modern Age it was investigated the Giardino dei Semplici of the Ospedale Maggiore of Milan and the gardens of Palazzo Giardino in Sabbioneta and Palazzo Te in Mantua. Some investigations have provided information on the history of important crops and ornamental plants
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