1,019 research outputs found
A novel type I factor X variant (factor X Cys350Phe) due to loss of a disulfide bond in the catalytic domain
No full textWe report a novel mutation within the coagulation factor X (FX) that we have designated FX Padua 4. The phenotype and genotype of the proband and family members were studied. The proband was a child affected by a complex neurological syndrome who, after birth, experienced severe bleeding. The proband showed a laboratory pattern characterized by a severe reduction of FX activity and FX antigen, suggesting a true deficiency. Molecular analysis disclosed a new FX mutation localized in the catalytic domain responsible for a Cys(350)Phe substitution. The proband was homozygous for this mutation. The proband's mother and father showed a heterozygous pattern and had approximately one-half the normal FX activity and FX antigen. Residual purified FX Cys(350)Phe had an identical behavior to normal FX as showed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Molecular modeling confirms that the mutation leads to the disruption of a disulfide bridge in the catalytic region of FX. Comparison with other topologically equivalent mutations in other vitamin K-dependent proteins suggests that this disruption could adversely affect protein folding/stability, accounting for the cross-reactive material negative phenotype
Defensa que haze Don Bernardo Corona y Esquivel, vezino de la villa de Espera, en el pleyto que sigue con el Estado de Medina Celi, y Alcalá. Sobre lession en el contracto delocacion, y arrendamiento que se le hizo de la Dehessa, que llaman de la Manchuela, que se compone de quatro Cortijos, termino de dicha Villa, en que pretende, que la sentencia dada, y pronunciada por el Theniente Don Juan Gutierrez de Celis, en que declarò averla probado D. Bernardo Corona en el precio de el arrendamiento ...
No full textTexto firmado por: "Lic. Don Pedro Garzia Bello"Texto firmado en Sevilla, 1712Sign.: []2, B-N2Inicio de texto con letra capital ornadaGrab. calc. precediendo a tít., representa la crucifixión de JesucristoA FD/0089(32
Defensa que Salvador Alvarez de Salcedo, clerigo de menores ordenes, haze en el pleyto sobre el derecho á la capellania, que en la Parroquial de Nuestra Señora de la Concepcion, fundó Cathalina de Salcedo, que se sigue con Don Juan de Sexas...apelado ante V.S. de auto difinitivo, proveido por el vicario de la villa de la Orotaba, en que declarò tocar, y pertenecer esta capellania â el dicho Don Juan de Sexas...y en que pretende esta parte de Salvador Alvarez de Salcedo su revocacion..
No full textTexto firmado por: "Lic. Don Pedro Garcia Bello"En p.28 consta: "Sevilla octubre 5 de 1709 años"Sign.: [ ]2, C2, C-H2.Inicial de texto con letra capital ornadaGrab. calc. de Santo DomingoA FD/0088bis(38
R function 'gawdis', with help and vignette
No full textThe function 'gawdis' is an extension of the gowdis function, from the FD package in R (Laliberté et al. 2014; https://cran.r-project.org/package=FD) to compute the Gower distance between units. Both functions computes dissimilarity, usually between species based on their traits, based on multiple types of variables (e.g. quantitative, categorical etc.), but they can be used in other applications as well. Without special care, the Gower distance can produce a multi-trait dissimilarity with a disproportional contribution of certain variables (e.g. traits). The new 'gawdis' function solves this problem, particularly to avoid a disproportional contribution categorical traits and bundle of correlated traits reflecting similar ecological functions. The approach is based on minimizing the differences in the correlation between the dissimilarity of each trait, or groups of traits, and the multi-trait dissimilarity. This is done using either an analytical or a numerical solution, both available in the function. Properly taking into account the contribution of multiple traits into multi-trait dissimilarity is key for interpreting the ecological effects of complex species differences.Authorship. The authors of the R function are, actually, Pavel Fibich and Zoltan Botta-Dukat, with help from Francesco de Bello. The help function was written by Pavel Fibich and Francesco de Bello. The vignette, with the R markdown material was prepared by Francesco de Bello.
Reference. The 'gawdis' function is presented and tested in the manuscript de Bello, F, Botta-Dukat, Z., Lepš, J. and Fibich, P (in press) Towards a more balanced combination of multiple traits when computing functional differences between species. Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Different effects of elevation, habitat fragmentation and grazing management on the functional, phylogenetic and taxonomic structure of mountain grasslands
No full textEcological theory suggests that several nested environmental filters, acting at different spatial scales, shape the assemblages of local plant species. However, it is unclear whether different biodiversity components, that is, taxonomy, function and phylogenetic, respond similarly to these filters. The integration of these different components into coherent and comprehensive analytical frameworks also remains unclear. In this study, we developed an approach to test the relative effects of elevation, habitat fragmentation and grazing management on the functional, phylogenetic, and taxonomic structures of mountain pastures. Thirty summer farms, distributed along an elevational gradient were surveyed in the Italian Alps. Within these farms (around 100. ha), we identified all areas as one of two types of management (intensive or extensive), and we sampled three plots for each area, a total of 180 plots. Using the same mathematical framework, we quantified the functional (FD), phylogenetic (PD) and taxonomic (TD) diversity of each plot. We tested the influences of three environmental filters (elevation, habitat fragmentation and grazing management), using a series of partial regression analyses within a univariate and multivariate framework, as well as specific permutation schemes that accounted for our nested design. We found that elevation, habitat fragmentation, and grazing management affected the community structure, but in different ways. This finding confirmed that these filters operate at different scales and, despite some similarities, have different effects on various biodiversity components. Interestingly, FD was the only component that responded to all three types of predictors. Regarding functional aspects, elevation, as a broad-scale environmental gradient, showed a greater influence on dominant trait values, whereas at finer scales, grazing management had a primary effect on both dominant trait values and diversity measures. Habitat fragmentation showed a primary influence on TD, probably because the effect on dispersal limitations concerned mostly species availability. The hierarchical, multi-faceted approach adopted in this study yielded insights into the factors influencing biodiversity and community assembly processes in mountain pastures, thereby highlighting the importance of considering multiple facets of diversity in assessing the role of environmental filtering in vegetation structure
Variation of functional diversity (FD) along altitudinal gradient for each functional trait (a-i).
No full text<p>Partition of FD into inter- and intra-specific variability (difference between Total—inter-specific FD) expressed as yellow and blue vertical bars respectively along altitudinal gradient. Trait labels are the same as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0118876#pone.0118876.g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>.</p
Phylogenetic diversity is a weak proxy for functional diversity but they are complementary in explaining community assembly patterns in temperate vegetation
No full textEcological differences between coexisting species within plant communities can be assessed by considering functional and phylogenetic dissimilarities either separately or in a complementary way. Here, we studied (a) the potential overlap between functional (FD) and phylogenetic diversities (PD) and (b) their combined and unique roles in explaining community assembly patterns across different temperate vegetation types and across functional traits representing multiple dimensions of plant strategy (plant size, leaf, floral and reproductive, clonal and bud bank traits).
We tested the strength of the PD–FD relationship within and across vegetation types and functional traits (Pearson correlations) and tested whether it depended on the strength of the phylogenetic signal (Pagel's lambda and Blomberg's K). We tested deviations from random expectations in FD and ‘decoupled FD’ (i.e. functional dissimilarity after accounting for the effect of phylogenetic distances between species) to reveal the importance of ecological differences for community assembly.
PD–FD correlations were predominantly significant but rarely strong, and largely depended on the studied functional trait and vegetation type. Phylogenetic signals were partially but inconsistently related to the overlap between FD and PD.
Community assembly patterns tended to shift from under-dispersion (FD lower than random expectations) towards over-dispersion (FD higher than random expectations) when functional distances were decoupled from phylogenetic distances indicating that species within the same clade were dissimilar to each other regarding their traits. However, we found the opposite pattern as well, mainly for floral and below-ground traits, which indicated functional differentiation across clades.
Synthesis. Decoupling functional and phylogenetic differences between species might provide further information on plant community assembly: showing cases where the strongest ecological differentiation between coexisting species occurs between phylogenetically related species rather than between phylogenetically unrelated ones.This work was supported by the long-term research development project of the Czech Academy of Sciences (RVO 67985939). ZL was funded by the Czech Science Foundation (project 19-28491X).Peer reviewe
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