1,720,991 research outputs found
Student characteristics associated with communication and interpersonal skills in medical consultations with standardized patients
No full textThe quality of care depends on the effective physician-patient communication. Interpersonal skills can be improved through teaching, but the determinants are poorly understood. We therefore assessed the factors associated with interpersonal skills in medical students during simulated medical consultations. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 4th-year medical students participating in simulated consultations with standardized patients. Each video-recorded medical consultation was independently assessed by two raters, using the cross-cultural adaptation of the 4-Habits Coding Scheme into French. We then collected information on demographics and education-related characteristics. The relationship between the overall score of interpersonal skills and student characteristics were modeled using univariable and multivariable linear regression. Our analytical sample included 165 medical students for analysis. The factors significantly associated with interpersonal skills were gender (β=-4.8, p=0.011), completion of an international clinical placement (β=6.2, p=0.002) or a research laboratory clerkship (β=6.5, p=0.005). The education-related characteristics, multiple-choice examinations of the 1st to 3rd academic class-year and number of medicine or surgery clerkships, were not significantly associated with the level of interpersonal skills. The typical profile of a student with a high level of interpersonal skills was a woman, who had completed an international clinical placement or a research laboratory clerkship, without influence of education-related characteristics and hospital clerkships
Genesis of a free online bibliographic analysis program (Bibliovid) and its influence on clinical practices of healthcare professionals in the management of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a multicentric cross-sectional survey-based study
No full textProblem — Literature search can be very time and energy-consuming for practitioners, particularly in times of pandemic. Future medical practice should consist of acting collectively with web-based tools.
Intervention — In Grenoble, France, volunteer medical residents and public health doctors decided to design an online bibliographic program to select, analyze and summarize, in French, the most relevant scientific articles in order to help clinicians. The website was updated daily with a subsequent English translation of the analyzes. The project took place between March 26th and July 31st, 2020 and ending after the first wave of the pandemic.
Context — In December 2019, an emerging infectious disease called Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first appeared in Wuhan, China before spreading worldwide and leading to the World Health Organization’s declaration of a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern” on January 30th, 2020. A wave of misinformation quickly reached the scientific world and beyond, due to an exponential increase in publications of varying qualities, making it difficult for evidence-based decisions.
Impact — We conducted a cross-sectional observational survey-based study on healthcare professionals taking care of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients during the first wave of the pandemic using an online bibliographic analysis program (Bibliovid) to assess the impact of the level of use of this tool on drafting and updating of standardized guidelines, changes in department and individual practices, their standardization, and time saved by clinicians as well as the impact on their literature search, using a 70-point scoring system, each question being self-reported on a scale from 0 to 10. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire based on the scoring system, evaluating its internal consistency, was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.77–0.79). The average total score was significantly higher in the high-use group compared to the low-use group (48.4 ± 12.8 vs 39 ± 12; p<.001) in multivariate analysis. A significant relationship was found between the impact on changes in practices (total score) and the professional’s participation in protocol development (p = 0.009) and department logistics (p = 0.003).
Lessons Learned — At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the creation of a free online bibliographic review in French, Bibliovid, proved to be helpful for healthcare professionals. With the prolongation of the pandemic, however, we realized that the sustainability of this tool required long term dedicated financial and human resources. To manage and update the large amounts of publications artificial intelligence may be a helpful tool
Can peroperative autofluorescence save parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery? Original study about autofluorescence screening with surgical oversight of the specimen of thyroidectomy before sending them to pathologist.
No full textObjective: The aim of this original study was to determine the number of parathyroid glands that could have been saved and re implanted thanks to autofluorescence checking during thyroid surgery.
Summary background data: Preservation of the parathyroid function reminds challenging during the thyroid surgery. These glands must be recognized and immediately autotransplant in case of devascularization. Near-infrared autofluorescence of parathyroid glands has recently been proposed to help the surgeon during his dissection.
Methods: 116 thyroid lobectomies have been performed on 70 consecutive adult patients. Each specimen of lobectomy has been scanned in vitro with an autofluorescence imaging device. Every spot of autofluorescence was study by this surgeon and then by the pathologist. The pathologist proceeded to a complete study of the rest of the lobe. We compare the results of macroscopical and microscopical diagnosis.
Results: On the specimens, 24 fluorescent spots have been detected: 13 considered as parathyroid tissue for the surgeon and 11 considered as non parathyroid tissue. The pathologist exactly confirmed the surgical diagnosis but discovered 15 more hidden glands.
Conclusions: Autofluorescence screening of the surgical specimen of thyroidectomy with surgical oversight is safe, quick, non invasive and it can avoid the accidental removal of parathyroid glands. About sixty per cent of these glands can be save and then autotransplanted during the surgery
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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