1,721,020 research outputs found
What rationale for treatment of occupational interstitial lung diseases with the drugs approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
No full textPurpose of review To critically discuss the rationale for the use of drugs approved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) to treat occupational interstitial lung diseases (OILDs). Recent findings Although IPF and OILDs share several clinical, radiological and probably pathogenetic features, currently, OILDs do not have a standard of care. In recent years, our knowledge and understanding of ILDs has improved substantially. Recently, the progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) phenotype, which refers to non-IPF fibrotic ILDs that progress despite appropriate treatment, has been defined. OILDs may also be progressive. Nintedanib, initially approved for treatment of IPF, is also approved in patients with PPF. On the other hand, pirfenidone is approved in IPF but not in PPF, due to the lack of robust evidence of efficacy in this patient subset. Summary OILDs are a large and highly heterogeneous group of conditions without a proper standard of care. Nintedanib may slow functional decline and disease progression in progressive OILDs, and new clinical trials are ongoing
Insights into the Larderello Geothermal Field: structural setting and distribution of thermal and 3He anomalies
No full textData set from Dellafiore F, Caruso R, Conte G, Grugnetti AM, Bellani S, Arrigoni C. Individual-level determinants of interprofessional team collaboration in healthcare. J Interprof Care. 2019 Nov-Dec;33(6):762-767. doi: 10.1080/13561820.2019.1594732. Epub 2019 Apr 21. PMID: 31006297.
No full textData set from Dellafiore F, Caruso R, Conte G, Grugnetti AM, Bellani S, Arrigoni C. Individual-level determinants of interprofessional team collaboration in healthcare. J Interprof Care. 2019 Nov-Dec;33(6):762-767. doi: 10.1080/13561820.2019.1594732. Epub 2019 Apr 21. PMID: 31006297.
This is the abstract:
Interprofessional team collaboration (ITC) is pivotal for the safety and the quality of healthcare settings, being associated with higher staff and patient satisfaction. However, individual-level determinants (i.e. socio-demographic and working satisfaction) remain currently largely unexplored. This study aimed to describe the overall ITC (i.e. partnership, cooperation, coordination), identifying the individual-level determinants of each ITC domain. This study had a multicentre approach, using cross-sectional data collection. ITC was assessed using the Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale II, Italian version (I-AITCS II). The determinants of ITC were investigated through multivariable linear regression models. The study results showed significant associations between the same ITC domains, as well as the important role of work satisfaction in determining cooperation and coordination. Physicians reported more inadequate partnership levels than other healthcare professionals. This study provides insights for future research and gives a useful description of the determinants of ITC for multi-stakeholder healthcare organizations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Temperature signal in the underground for climate history reconstruction in Italy
No full textUnderground temperature data from height boreholes logged between 1981 and 2000 were studied to infer the climate
change in central-northern Italy during the last 250 years. The ground surface temperature history was reconstructed by using
the functional space inversion method. A different inverse approach was also used for two temperature sets to obtain the fine
details of the most recent surface temperature change. The results were compared with the air temperature recorded since the
beginning of the 19th century at meteorological observatories. The analysis puts into evidence that the trend of the temperature
change in the western side of the Apennines chain differs from that of the eastern side. Since 1750 the western side shows
temperature lower than that of the 1990s, with minimum values in the period 1930–1960, followed by an almost linear increase
in the ground surface temperature. Along the eastern side the temperature is always larger than that inferred for the 1970s, with
maximum values in the period 1920–1940, which is followed by a sharp temperature decrease. Only since 1970–1980 a local
warming phase has started. By combining borehole temperature logs with meteorological surface air temperature records, the
pre-observational mean temperature was calculated. The results corroborate the difference of the climatic histories in both sides
of the Apennines concerning the ground surface temperatures. It also appears that the recent climatic changes have partly a local
origin and can obscure the changes forced by the regional surface air temperature influence
Potential of αvβ6 and αvβ1 integrin inhibition for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
No full textIntroduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown cause with a dismal prognosis. Nintedanib and Pirfenidone are approved worldwide for the treatment of IPF, but they only slow the rate of functional decline and disease progression. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more efficacious and better tolerated drugs. Areas covered: αvβ6 and αvβ1 are two integrins overexpressed in fibrotic tissue, which play a critical role in the development of lung fibrosis. They act by converting transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, one of the most important profibrotic cytokine, in its active form. Here, we summarize and critically discuss the potential of a dual αvβ6/αvβ1 integrin inhibitor for the treatment of IPF. Expert opinion: Bexotegrast, a dual αvβ6/αvβ1 integrin inhibitor, has the potential to slow or even halt disease progression in IPF. Indeed, the strong pre-clinical rationale and promising early phase clinical trial data have raised expectations
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