1,720,965 research outputs found
Lurasidone as add-on to fluoxetine in obsessive-compulsive disorder with comorbid restrictive anorexia: a case report
No full text: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a pervasive disabling disorder that may overlap with other psychiatric conditions, including anorexia nervosa. Recent guidelines recommend low doses of second-generation antipsychotics as add-on therapy to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for those patients presenting OCD who display residual symptomatology. Here we report a clinical case of a 45-years-old woman affected by severe OCD in comorbidity with anorexia nervosa, restrictive type (AN-r), treated with fluoxetine (titrated up to 40 mg/day) in augmentation with low doses of lurasidone (37 mg/day). At baseline and during a 6 months-follow-up we administered Clinical Global Impression-Severity, Symptom Checklist-90 items, Y-BOCS-II (Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale) and EDI-3 (Eating Disorder Inventory). After 1 month of augmentation treatment, a clinically significant response was observed on obsessive symptoms at Y-BOCS-II (≥35% Y-BOCS reduction) and eating symptomatology at EDI-3. Full remission was reported after 3 months (Y-BOCS scoring ≤14) (P < 0.01). Further longitudinal and real-world effectiveness studies should be implemented to confirm these novel results, to investigate the potential of lurasidone as add-on strategy to SSRI in poor responder OCD patients, including treatment-resistant-OCD (tr-OCD), as well as in improving eating disorder symptomatology, whereas there is comorbidity with AN-r
Hikikomori and modern-type depression in Italy: A new phenotypical trans-cultural characterization?
No full textIntroduction: Hikikomori is a Japanese term etymologically derived from 'hiku' (i.e. 'to pull back') and 'komoru' (i.e. 'seclude oneself'), which identifies those subjects who deliberately withdraw themselves by social life, remaining confined into their own home/room. The phenomenon is widely diffused in Japan, even though it is currently spread outside the Japanese culture. However, a universally shared and cross-cultural adaptation of Hikikomori definition, phenomenological and psychopathological characterization is still missing. Methodology: An expert-guided opinion paper was here provided to clinical characterize the Hikikomori-like social withdrawal in the Italian context, by considering the transformation from a family-based society to a 'fluid' digital-structured culture, also discussing the concept of modern-type depression. This was provided deepening the principal current studies available in literature and giving an interpretation based on clinical experience in the Italian society. The work was supervised through a consensus by the most international expert of Japanese Hikikomori syndrome. Results: Current individual, family and social trajectories may potentially act as a mediator in favouring the occurrence of Hikikomori-like social withdrawal also in western countries, including Italy. Despite the differences between Japanese and Italian society and culture, the recent shaping of family structure and intra-familial dynamics, typical of the current post-modern society, may potentially influence the emergence of psychopathologies not typical of Italian culture. Unemployment and 'Not in Employment Education or Training' (NEET) conditions may represent another potential risk factor for economical/social marginalization of youngsters, together with the recent dramatic emergence of web-based psychopathologies. Conclusion: A diagnostic culturally-adapted flow-chart is proposed for clinical characterizing Hikikomori in Italian context, which may help in proposing preventive strategies, ensuring early identification and prompt therapeutic interventions, particularly among youngsters
A case report of clozapine-treatment-resistant schizophrenia successfully managed with brexpiprazole combination therapy
No full textClozapine-resistant schizophrenia (CRS) occurs in 40%-70% of clozapine-treated schizophrenic patients. Hereby we describe a 20-year-old CRS subject with comorbid cannabinoid use disorder, successfully treated with clozapine-brexpiprazole combination, subsequently switched to clozapine plus long-acting injectable aripiprazole
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Predominant affective temperaments in depressive patients with severe social withdrawal
Full text linkBackground: Hikikomori (HK) is characterized by self-isolation and social refusal, being more likely also associated with affective disorders, including depression. This case–control study primarily aimed at identifying (if any) predominant affective temperaments are associated with HK in depressed versus not-depressed individuals. Secondary objectives comprise assessing which other psychopathological dimensions (e.g., boredom, anxiety) are associated with the HK specifier in depressed individuals. Methods: From the larger SWATCH study, 687 Italian young people were screened for depression, as measured by 9 items-Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and HK-like social withdrawal, through the Hikikomori Questionnaire-25 (HQ-25). All subjects were administered a brief-Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-M), the 7 items-Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS). Results: Males reported significantly higher scores at HQ-25 total score than females (p = 0.026). In the total sample, HK social withdrawal is positively predicted by MSBS low arousal, disengagement, depressive levels, depressive and irritable affective temperaments, while negatively by anxiety (F(6, 680) = 82.336, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.421). By selecting only depressed sample, HQ-25 is positively predicted by MSBS total score, low arousal and depressive affective temperament, while negatively by MSBS high arousal (F(4, 383) = 48.544, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.336). The logistic regression model found that the likelihood of developing depression with the HK specifier is significantly predicted by depressive and cyclothymic affective temperaments. Conclusions: These preliminary findings could help in clinically characterizing the relationship between specific affective temperamental profiles among individuals with depression with/without HK specifier, in order to provide a more tailored and personalized therapeutic approach. Our Italian study should be extensively replicated in larger, longitudinal and multicentric pan-European studies, by specifically assessing the impact of these findings on depression clinical course, prognosis and treatment outcomes
Symptomatic and asymptomatic overuse injuries in recreational golf players
No full textGolf is classified as a physical activity of low-to-moderate intensity with a metabolic cost ranging from 2.5 to 6 METs, thus suitable for most people. However, as many other sports, and particularly those whose fundamentals need asymmetric movements - such as the 'swing' - golf leads to a high incidence of overuse injuries of the muscle-skeletal system in middle and high-level players. Although this injuries may be clinically significant, sometimes they are asymptomatic, thus leading to a probable 'hidden' worsening of the clinical picture. Among golf players, this is particularly true for what concern hand injuries.
In order to evaluate the incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic overuse injuries, 60 male adults (53.2±12.1y) recreational golf players underwent a face-to-face questionnaire and a sonographic assessment. The questionnaire was concerned about both golf practice/training - how many years, average weekly frequency, and single session duration - and injuries status - symptoms, pain localization (by means of the Pain Drawing) and intensity (by means of the Visual Analog Scale, VAS). Acute injuries and those clearly not related with golf practice were not retained for later descriptive analysis. Sonographies of the elbow, wrist, and hand of both arms of each player were made by means of a portable ecocolor power-doppler sonographer with 12 to 18 MHz linear transducers. Results were classified in 3 categories of years of practice (0 to 5, 6 to 10, >10 yrs) and monthly training hours (no training, <8, ≥8 h/mo).
Pain drawing results evidenced that only 38% of the recreational golf players did not report any pain symptom, whereas the remaining symptomatic 62% suffered from low back pain (34%) and felt pain in the elbow (12%), shoulder (8%), hand (3%), and 'other' (5%) regions (hip, lower limb, knee, foot). VAS results, on average, evidenced values ranging from 4.1±1.6 (shoulder) to 5.3±1.4 (elbow). Sonographies confirmed both wrist and elbow synovial expansions in all the symptomatic players reporting pain in those regions. Sonographies of the asymptomatic players revealed that about 50% were actually not injured, whereas, of the remaining players, 46% suffered from synovial thickening and palm fibrosis (hand), 18% from tendon cysts and fluid films (wrist), and 36% from synovial thickening, epitrocleitis and epicondylitis (elbow).
On average, as long as of golf practice years increase, elbow and low back pain occurrences rose, while shoulder and 'no pain' occurrences decreased. As for training monthly time, average pain occurrences rose in elbow, shoulder, and low back regions, as well as 'no pain' reports. Average VAS results seemed to be not affected neither by golf practice years nor by training monthly time.
In conclusion, recreational golf players may be at risk of symptomatic and asymptomatic overuse injuries, particularly in the low back, elbow and hand areas, and years of practice may increase the incidence of those overuse injuries
Sex-differences in hikikomori traits as predictors of problematic internet use in Italian university students
No full textDespite a confirmed association between Problematic Internet use (PIU) and hikikomori-like social withdrawal, few studies investigated differences between sexes. Hence, the main objective was identifying psychopathological predictors (including hikikomori-like traits) associated with PIU (vs. non-PIU) across both sexes
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