77 research outputs found
La transformation numérique des ressources humaines : La gestion des talents à l’ère de l’intelligence artificielle
No full textLa transformation digitale bouleverse en profondeur la gestion des talents en modifiant les approches traditionnelles tout en introduisant de nouvelles dynamiques organisationnelles et stratégiques. Au coeur de cette mutation, l’intelligence artificielle (IA) s’impose comme un levier majeur d’automatisation et d’optimisation des processus clés des ressources humaines, notamment le recrutement, la formation, l’évaluation des performances, l’engagement et la fidélisation. Son intégration ouvre la voie à des pratiques plus efficaces et personnalisées, en améliorant l’expérience collaborateur grâce à des recommandations adaptées et à la réduction des tâches administratives répétitives. Toutefois, cette évolution soulève également des interrogations éthiques et organisationnelles, liées à la transparence, l’équité et la gouvernance des outils numériques.Cet article propose une analyse théorique approfondie en mobilisant les modèles de gestion des talents, les théories de la transformation digitale et les travaux récents sur l’IA appliquée aux pratiques RH. L’objectif est de dégager un cadre conceptuel global et intégré permettant de mieux comprendre les évolutions et défis contemporains de la gestion des talents à l’ère de l’intelligence artificielle
In search of best fitted composite model to the ALAE data set with transformed Gamma and inversed transformed Gamma families
No full textÜber den Start und Flug des Sisyphus schaefferi L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).
No full textBeim Start des Sisyphus schaefferi L. lassen sich deutlich drei Phasen erkennen; das Aufrichten der Mittelbeine, das Lüften des Elytrons und das Influgstellungbringen der Alae. Die bisherigen Beobachtungen, daß die Tarsen der Mittelbeine kurz vor dem Abflug des Tieres hochfrequente Schwingungen ausführen, haben sich als falsch erwiesen. Bewegungen der Tarsen liegen zwar vor, doch erlauben sie nicht die Deutung als „Stimulation für den Schwirrflug". Bereits der erste Flügelschlag wird mit großer Intensität geführt. Das Entfalten und Strecken der Alae erfolgt manchmal erst, nachdem die Flugmuskeln bereits in Tätigkeit getreten sind. Eine Analyse der Flugflügel- und Elytrenbewegung wird gegeben; Schlagfrequenz, Schlagamplitude und Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des schwingenden Flügels werden ermittelt. Im Kurvenflug erleiden besonders die aufgerichteten Mittelbeine Lageveränderungen.The author discusses his detailed observations on the flight mechanic of Sisyphus schaefferi L., beginning with the behaviour of the starting beetle and including an analysis of the wing motion
Higginsarctus lassei Hansen & Kristensen 2021, gen. et sp. nov.
No full text<i>Higginsarctus lassei</i> gen. et sp. nov. <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5086AB3C-F4CD-48ED-AE57-6D35C2EB14D7</p> <p>Figs 10–11</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b> (characters uniquely defining the taxon are written in bold)</p> <p> Characterized by <b>flat, oval secondary clavae</b>. Unilobed antero-lateral alae with weakly undulating distal margins without indentations. Bilobed medio-lateral alae with medial pointed indentations.</p> <p>Medio-lateral alae smaller than antero-lateral alae. Bilobed postero-lateral alae with a medial arched identation. Postero-lateral alae larger than antero-lateral alae. Quadrilobed, rectangular caudal ala with 3 arched indentations, 1 medial and 2 lateral. Medial lobes of caudal ala smaller than lateral lobes. Leg sense organs I–III with similar length. Genital stoup present.</p> Etymology <p>The new species is dedicated to Lasse G. Hansen, the son of the first author.</p> Material examined <p> <b>Holotype</b> CHILE • ♀; South Pacific Ocean; 33°53′ S, 87°51′ W; depth 2475 m; 17 Jul. 1966; R.P. Higgins leg.; (RH 1270), R/V <i>Anton Bruun</i>, cruise 17; NHMD-293913.</p> Description <p>HABITUS. The holotypic female (Figs 10–11) is 143 µm long from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the body. The body is ovoid, being broadest (89 µm) at the level between the second and third pair of legs. The dorsal cuticle has four transverse inter-segmental folds: one anterior to the first pair of legs, two between the first and second pair of legs and one between the second and third pair of legs.</p> <p>ALAE. Typical for the genus, eight alae, which are all clearly separated from each other, are present: frontal ala, a pair of antero-lateral alae, a pair of medio-lateral alae, a pair of postero-lateral alae and a single caudal ala (Figs 10, 11A). The antero-lateral alae are unilobed with weakly undulating distal margins without indentations. The medio-lateral alae which are smaller than the antero-lateral alae, each have a medial pointed indentation dividing each ala into two lobes of equal size. The postero-lateral alae which are larger than both the antero-lateral and medio-lateral alae, each have a medial arched indentation in the distal margin, dividing the ala into two lobes of equal size. The caudal ala has a deep medial, arched indentation and a pair of lateral, arched indentations dividing the ala into four lobes. The medial lobes are smaller than the lateral lobes. As in all species of the new genus, the proximal halve of the lateral and caudal alae is internally supported by continuous procuticle which sends out branching processes (ramuli) into the distal halve of the alae.</p> <p>SENSORY ORGANS. The head is well defined from the body by a constriction and a complete set of sense organs is present. All the cephalic cirri consist of an hourglass-shaped scapus, a long tubular portion and a protruding flagellum. As in most other species of Florarctinae the scapus of each cirrus appears somewhat outsized, enveloping the internal sensory structures rather than lining them. The internal cirri (41 µm) emerge from the frontal ala at the anterior margin of the head. The external cirri (28 µm) are inserted ventrally and the median cirrus (33 µm) mid-dorsally. Typical for the genus, the primary clava (58 µm) is slightly curved and non-flexible (Fig. 11C). A van der Land’s body is visible inside its base. Primary clava and lateral cirrus arise on the same cirrophore, and a common membrane (extended margin of cirrophore) surrounds the base of primary clava and lateral cirrus. A very large and thick cuticular ring supports the cirrophore internally. The secondary clavae are oval flat sacs (11 µm × 7 µm) flanking the mouth cone. The leg I sense organ (12 µm) is an unsegmented spine with a slightly swollen base and a terminal tube. The sense organs of leg II (12 µm) and III (11 µm) are unsegmented tapering spines. The fourth leg sense organ (13 µm) is an elongate papilla with a basal van der Land’s body and a terminal pore. The cirrus E (48 µm) has a prominent cirrophorus, scapus and a long tapering flagellum.</p> <p>LEGS, DIGITS AND CLAWS. The legs consist of coxa, femur, tibia and tarsus as found in all species of Florarctinae. The external digits are supported by internal hook-shaped peduncles. The external claw is simple and with a calcar. The internal claw has an accessory spine, but no calcar. All the claws are of the same size, however the external claws are thicker basally and the internal claws have an almost straight portion dorsally. An internal partition is evident as a small notch in each claw, dividing the claw in a basal portion and a distal portion.</p> <p>BUCCO- PHARYNGEAL APPARATUS. The mouth cone (Fig. 10) is large with a terminal, very refractive cupola. Only traces of the buccal tube (44 µm), stylets (47 µm), placoids and pharyngeal bulb are visible.</p> <p>REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. Consists of a single ovary bearing numerous small oocytes and a single larger ovum. The ovary is 72 µm long and is attached dorsally, at the level of the first pair of legs. The gonopore consists of a rosette with six large cells. Posterior to the rosette, the cuticle forms what appears in LM to be a broad fold which we interpret as the genital stoup. The two cuticular seminal receptacles each consist of a spheroid vesicle and an S-shaped genital duct. The cuticle is slightly elevated at each duct opening but does not form a true papilla. The anus is a trilobed cuticular system consisting of two large lateral lobes and a smaller posterior lobe.</p> Ecology and distribution <p>Known only from the type locality.</p>Published as part of <i>Hansen, Jesper G. & Kristensen, Reinhardt M., 2021, A new genus and five new species of the subfamily Florarctinae (Tardigrada, Arthrotardigrada), pp. 149-184 in European Journal of Taxonomy 762 (1)</i> on pages 166-170, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.762.1461, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5211787">http://zenodo.org/record/5211787</a>
Evaluation of top-down crack propagation in asphalt pavement under dual tires loading
No full textTop-down cracking (TDC) has been recognized worldwide and is regarded as a major type of asphalt pavement distress. In this study, fracture mechanisms behind the TDC propagation and fatigue life of pavements were investigated under dual tires load using finite element (FE) analysis. By considering the most influencing factors on TDC propagation, stress intensity factors (SIF), including KI and KII, were calculated at critical transverse locations. According to Modes I and II SIF, a greater SIF indicates a faster rate of TDC propagation. The SIF results indicated that considering temperature gradient in asphalt concrete (AC) layer is necessary in determination of critical SIF, and KI and KII are not distributed uniformly within the AC depth. In addition, TDC growth rate significantly depends on AC thickness and base layer type. Finally, the number of load repetitions for TDC propagation rate at different transverse locations is predicted based on Paris law equation.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Higginsarctus signeae Hansen & Kristensen 2021, gen. et sp. nov.
No full textHigginsarctus signeae gen. et sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4F3D0D8B-BC13-4B98-9DD5-A5DA3A3BD817 Figs 2–7 Florarctinae nov. gen. 1 et nov. sp. 1 – Hansen et al. 2001. — Hansen 2005. Diagnosis (characters uniquely defining the taxon are written in bold) Characterized by flat, rectangular secondary clavae with slightly protruding contours. Each clava inserted on a small elevation of the ventral cuticle. Unilobed, rectangular antero-lateral alae with weakly undulating distal margins without indentations. Unilobed, rectangular medio-lateral alae with weakly undulating distal margins without indentations. Antero-lateral alae and medio-lateral alae similar in size. Bilobed postero-lateral alae with a medial arched identation. Postero-lateral alae larger than antero-lateral alae and medio-lateral alae. Quadrilobed, rectangular caudal ala with 3 arched indentations, 1 medial and 2 lateral. Lateral lobes of the caudal ala nearly rectangular. Leg sense organs I–III with similar length. Genital stoup present. Anus inserted on ventral folium. Etymology The new species is dedicated to Signe G. Hansen, the daughter of the first author. Material examined Holotype FAROE ISLANDS • ♀; North Atlantic Ocean, Faroe Bank; 61°23.18′ N, 08°35.13′ W; depth 273 m; 1 Apr. 1992; R.M. Kristensen leg.; BIOFAR Station 788; coarse shell gravel; NHMD-293899. Allotype FAROE ISLANDS • ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 61°00′ N, 08°13′ W; depth 120 m; 19 Sep. 1998; R.M. Kristensen leg.; BIOFAR Station 2013; coarse shell gravel; NHMD-293900. Paratypes FAROE ISLANDS • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 61°12.33′ N, 08°28.23′ W; depth 148 m; 1 Apr. 1992; R.M. Kristensen leg.; BIOFAR Station 786; fine shell sand; NHMD-293898 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 61°00′ N, 08°13′ W; depth 120 m; 19 Sep. 1998; R.M. Kristensen leg.; BIOFAR Station 2013; coarse shell gravel; NHMD-293901 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; used for SEM; NHMD-293902. Type locality Faroe Bank, North Atlantic Ocean (between 61°00′ N, 08°13′ W and 61°23.18′ N, 08°35.13′ W; depth range, 120–273 m). Description HABITUS. The holotypic female (Figs 2, 3B–E) is 147 µm long from the anterior margin of the head to the posterior margin of the body. The body is ovoid, being broadest (94 µm) at the level between the second and third pair of legs. It is highly convex dorsally, and flattened ventrally. The anterior margin of the head taper off, into a thin membrane-like structure (the ala anterior; van der Land 1968), which is different from the alae of the body. It is here referred to as the frontal ala (Fig. 2). The dorsal cuticle has four transverse inter-segmental folds: one anterior to the first pair of legs, two between the first and second pair of legs and one between the second and third pair of legs. The SEM studies of a paratypic female shows two large pores mid-dorsally, at the level of the third pair of legs (Fig. 5D). A deep longitudinal furrow extends mid-dorsally from the insertion of the caudal ala and halfway to the dorsal pores. Also only visible by SEM (in LM the dorsal cuticle appears smooth with small pillars inside the epicuticle), the dorsal cuticle is remarkably sculptured with numerous small knob-like structures of two different types: one type which is organized in rosettes of five, and another type which is larger, with a more spongy appearance, occurring separately. The two types are evenly distributed in the cuticle (Fig. 5E). This kind of dorsal cuticular structure has never been observed in any tardigrade species before. The ventral cuticle is perfectly smooth with small pillars inside the epicuticle. ALAE. Eight alae, which are all clearly separated from each other, are present (Fig. 2): frontal ala, a pair of antero-lateral alae, a pair of medio-lateral alae, a pair of postero-lateral alae and a single caudal ala (see also paratypes Figs 4A, 5A). The antero-lateral alae and medio-lateral alae are all similar in size and shape being unilobed and rectangular with weakly undulating distal margins without indentations. The postero-lateral alae each have a medial arched indentation in the distal margin, dividing the ala into two lobes of equal size. The caudal ala is narrowed at the insertion on the body and has an overall rectangular shape with a deep medial, arched indentation and a pair of lateral, arched indentations dividing the ala into four lobes. The medial lobes are small and rounded whereas the lateral lobes are larger and more rectangular. The pillars in the alae are visible as closely spaced dots. The proximal halve of the lateral and caudal alae is internally supported by continuous procuticle which sends out branching processes (ramuli) into the distal halve of the alae. The branching processes all start at the same level, thus creating a clear dividing line between continuous procuticle and branching procuticle, giving the alae a very characteristic appearance (Figs 2, 3D). SENSORY ORGANS. The head is well defined from the body by a constriction and a complete set of sense organs is present. All the cephalic cirri consist of an hourglass-shaped scapus, a long tubular portion and a protruding flagellum. As in most other species of Florarctinae the scapus of each cirrus appears somewhat outsized, enveloping the internal sensory structures rather than lining them. The internal cirri (35 µm) emerge from the frontal ala at the anterior margin of the head. The external cirri (29 µm) are inserted ventrally and the median cirrus mid-dorsally. The primary clava is relatively long (43 µm), slightly curved and non-flexible (Fig. 2 and paratypes Figs 3A, 7A). A van der Land’s body is visible inside its base. Primary clava and lateral cirrus (34 µm) arise on the same cirrophore, and a common membrane (extended margin of cirrophore) surrounds the base of primary clava and lateral cirrus. A very large and thick cuticular ring supports the cirrophore internally, and is probably functioning as an anchor of the primary clava (see paratype Fig. 7C). The secondary clavae are large, rectangular flat sacs (8 µm × 15 µm) flanking the mouth cone (Fig. 3B). Each clava is inserted on a small elevation of the ventral cuticle. In SEM of a paratypic female, the contours of the secondary clavae are recognizable, protruding slightly from the ventral cuticle (Fig. 4B). The leg I sense organ (11 µm) is an unsegmented spine with a slightly swollen base and a terminal tube. The sense organs of leg II (8 µm) and III (8 µm) are unsegmented tapering spines. The fourth leg sense organ (12 µm) is an elongate papilla with a basal van der Land’s body and a terminal pore. The cirrus E (46 µm) has a prominent cirrophorus, scapus and a long tapering flagellum. The scapus has a highly complex composition. The outer lining is composed of small pellets organized in regular rings. At least 33 rings are recognisable by LM and SEM, however the pellets are recognizable as separate units, only by using SEM-technique (Fig. 4F–G). LEGS, DIGITS AND CLAWS. The legs consist of coxa, femur, tibia and tarsus as found in all species of Florarctinae. A rectangular folium-like structure is weakly evident ventrally on each coxa of leg pair IV (Fig. 2). Whether or not this is a true folium awaits the analysis of additional material. The external digits are supported by internal hook-shaped peduncles. The external claw is simple and with a calcar. The internal claw has an accessory spine, but no calcar. All the claws are of the same size, however the external claws are thicker basally and the internal claws have an almost straight portion dorsally (Fig. 3D and paratype Fig. 5B–C). An internal partition is evident as a small notch in each claw, dividing the claw in a basal portion and a distal portion (Fig. 3D and paratype Fig. 7D). BUCCO- PHARYNGEAL APPARATUS. The mouth cone is large and consists of three parts; a large basal cone, a middle telescopic cylinder and a terminal, very refractive cupola, through which the distal part of the stylet sheaths, protrude (Fig. 3B and paratype Fig. 7B). The buccal tube is 41 µm long and thin and has a small refractive bulb anterior to the placoids. The stylets are 44 µm long and very thin, each with a small furca (Fig. 2 and paratype Fig. 7C). The placoids are short, thick and strongly curved. Each placoid has a droplet-shaped terminal swelling (Fig. 2 and paratype Fig. 7C). REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. Consists of a single ovary bearing numerous small oocytes and three larger ova. The ovary is 58 µm long and is attached dorsally, at the level of the second pair of legs. The gonopore consists of a rosette with six large cells. Posterior to the rosette, the cuticle forms what appears in LM to be a broad fold. The SEM studies of a paratypic female shows that the cuticle is in fact forming a kind of basin or cup-like structure (Fig. 4E). It is here referred to as a ‘genital stoup’. The two cuticular seminal receptacles each consist of a spheroid vesicle and an S-shaped genital duct (Figs 2, 3C, E). The cuticle is slightly elevated at each duct opening but does not form a true papilla. The vesicles are filled with spermatozoa. The anus is situated on a large rectangular folium (Figs 2, 3C), and is closed by a threelobed cuticular system consisting of two large lateral lobes and a smaller posterior lobe. Allotypic male (Figs 6–7) No strong secondary sexual dimorphism is observed in Higginsarctus signeae gen. et sp. nov. The male is a little smaller (134 µm) than the female, and the primary clavae a little longer (46 µm). Also the secondary clavae have a slightly different shape, being more oval than rectangular (Fig. 7B). Bacterial vesicles are present just beneath the secondary clavae. The male gonopore is a small triangular papilla with two large pores (openings of the gonoducts), and is situated very close to the anus. The testis is large (87 µm), extending to the pharyngeal bulb, at the level of the first pair of legs. Two small lateral seminal vesicles are present. Paratypes The paratype NHMD-293898 is a juvenile female without a fully developed rosette gonopore. It measures 113 µm in body length, 66 µm in width and the primary clavae are 42 µm. The other paratype NHMD-29902 is a fully mature female with a body length of 142 µm, body width of 90 µm and the primary clavae are 49 µm. Ecology and distribution Known only from the type locality.Published as part of Hansen, Jesper G. & Kristensen, Reinhardt M., 2021, A new genus and five new species of the subfamily Florarctinae (Tardigrada, Arthrotardigrada), pp. 149-184 in European Journal of Taxonomy 762 (1) on pages 154-163, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.762.1461, http://zenodo.org/record/521178
A propósito de CIL II 5866 (Ávila): Un epígrafe recuperado, aumentado y corregido
No full textThe reappearance of an epigraph from Avila (CIL II 5866), that was until recently only known partially through the text Historia de las grandezas de la Ciudad de Avila, published by the Benedictine monk Luis Ariz in 1607, allow us not only to give more credit to this author as an epigraphic source, but also enables us to review the interpretation of the text itself. This revision provides to the Avila's epigraphic corpus, and therefore also to the peninsular, with the mention of an eques alae Vettonum that was also quite possibly sesquiplicarius. If the revision of the interpretation proposed here is granted, this epigraph may be of great documental value, given the scarcity of texts related to members of this auxiliary unit.La reaparición de un epígrafe abulense (CIL II 5866), hasta hace poco conocido sólo de modo fragmentario y a través de la obra titulada Historia de las grandezas de la Ciudad de Avila publicada por el monje benedictino Luis Ariz en 1607, no sólo permite dar más crédito a dicho autor como transmisor epigráfico del que se le venía otorgando, sino, también, plantear una revisión de lectura del propio texto. Dicha revisión aporta al corpus abulense y, en consecuencia, al peninsular, la mención de un eques alae Vettonum que, muy posiblemente, fue también sesquiplicarius. Dada la escasez de textos relativos a los miembros de esta unidad auxiliar, de admitirse la corrección de lectura que aquí presentamos, nos encontraríamos ante un epígrafe de gran valor documental
Halalaimus shinkai Shimada & Takeda & Tsune & Murakami 2020, sp. nov.
No full textHalalaimus shinkai Shimada, sp. nov. Figures 3–4, Table 4. Type material. Holotype. Adult male (NSMT-As 4618), formalin-fixed, permanent whole mount. Type locality. CCFZ (10° 25.9376′ N, 147° 50.0029′ W, 5321 m depth) with a spade corer by the third author on 1 Oct. 2016. Diagnosis. Halalaimus shinkai sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of the somatic and ornamented caudal alae, the absence of the inner labial sensilla, the papilliform outer labial and cephalic sensilla, short (10 cloacal body diameters) tail with a longer conical portion than cylindrical portion, the tail tip without bifurcation, the longer (2.0 cloacal body diameters) spicules, the gubernacula with lateral pieces at both sides, and the absence of the precloacal sensillum and pore. Etymology. The specific name shinkai is a noun in apposition, derived from the Japanese word shinkai (deepsea). Description. Male. Body almost cylindrical, tapering in cervical and caudal regions. Cuticle 5–6 μm thick and finely striated throughout whole body, except cylindrical portion of tail. Somatic alae present in both lateral sides, from just anterior to end of pharynx to 7.0 cloacal body diameters anterior to cloaca, not ornamented and looking like longitudinal grooves. Ornamented (with scale-like structures) caudal alae also present, from just anterior to cloaca to end of conical portion of tail: ornaments transversely elongated, posteriorly unclear. Somatic setae sparse, 1–2 μm long, arranged in eight longitudinal rows. Head rounded, not set off from cervical region, diameter at cephalic sensilla bases equal to 0.14 maximum body diameters. Inner labial sensilla indistinct. Six outer labial and four cephalic sensilla papilliform, arranged in two well-separated circles: outer labial sensilla located at 0.45 cephalic diameters from anterior end; cephalic sensilla at 1.0 cephalic diameter from anterior end. Amphids longitudinally elongated: anterior end at 1.7 cephalic diameters from anterior body end; posterior end at 9.1 cephalic diameters from anterior body end; 0.18 corresponding body diameters wide at anterior end; 0.12 corresponding body diameters wide at the middle; and 0.09 corresponding body diameters wide at posterior end. Buccal cavity minute. Pharynx enlarged at posterior end. Nerve ring and secretory-excretory system not observed. Cardia short, 1/5 of corresponding body diameters long. Tail conico-cylindrical, 10.1 cloacal body diameters long: anterior conical portion 65% of tail length; posterior cylindrical portion filiform, ca. 5% of cloacal body diameter wide; tip very slightly expanded, with spinneret and no terminal setae. Caudal glands located postcloacally. Caudal sensilla papilliform or very short setiform, difficult to observe. Reproductive system diorchic. Testes opposed and outstretched: anterior testis located on right side of intestine, situated from 45% to 52% of body length; posterior testis located on left side of intestine, situated from 56% to 67% of body length. Sperms globular or spheroid in shape, 5–10 μm in diameter. Vas deferens conspicuous. Spicules equal, arcuate with ventral velum, 1.8–1.9 cloacal body diameters or 0.2 tail lengths. Gubernacula paired, consisting of dorsal and lateral pieces: dorsal piece parallel to spicules, 0.7 cloacal body diameters or 0.4 spicule lengths, with a large ventral apophysis between both spicules; lateral piece as long as dorsal piece, constricted at both ends. Precloacal sensillum or pore absent. Female. Not found. Remarks. A male was identified in the genus Halalaimus based on the longitudinally elongated amphids. Keppner (1992) reviewed Halalaimus with descriptions of 11 new species divided into four groups using male characteristics, viz. the presence or absence of caudal alae and the presence or absence of precloacal supplements (sensillum and/or pore). Since the publication of Keppner’s work (1992), 12 new species have been described: H. aciculus Gagarin & Nguyen, 2014, H. dimorphus Turpeenniemi, 1997, H. minimus Gagarin, 2016, H. orientalis Gagarin, 2016, and H. vietnamicus Gagarin, 2016, which are in group 1; H. durus Gagarin & Nguyen, 2004, H. gidanensis Nasira & Turpeenniemi, 2002, and H. minor Gagarin & Nguyen, 2004 which are in group 2; H. dolgovi Alexeev & Linnik, 1994 which is in group 3; H. longipharynx Gagarin & Nguyen, 2018 and H. parvulus Gagarin & Nguyen, 2018 which are in group 4; and H. deseadensis Pastor de Ward, 1998 which is only known from female specimens. In addition, H. longistriatus Timm, 1961 was categorized in group 4 by Keppner (1992), but should be removed, as a male of this species has not been described. Currently, Halalaimus consists of 87 valid species: each of the four groups contain 15, 12, 13, and 31 species, respectively; the other 16 species were established based only on females. Halalaimus shinkai sp. nov. belongs to group 2, members of which have the caudal alae and lack the precloacal sensillum or pore. Halalaimus shinkai sp. nov. can be distinguished from all of the congeners in group 2 by the presence of the lateral pieces of gubernacula (vs. absence in the congeners). In addition, it differs from H. brimi Keppner, 1992 due to the tail tip which does not have bifurcation (vs. with bifurcation in H. brimi); from H. alatus Timm, 1952, H. durus, H. gidanensis, and H. sarsi Gerlach, 1967 by the presence of the somatic alae (vs. absence in the latter); from H. filum Gerlach, 1962, H. lineatoides Timm, 1961, H. lineatus Timm, 1961, and H. relatus Gerlach, 1967 by the ornamented caudal alae (vs. unornamented in the latter); from H. gerlachi Keppner, 1992 by the shorter tail (10 cloacal body diameters long in H. shinkai sp. nov. vs. longer than 20 cloacal body diameters in H. gerlachi); from H. gracilis de Man, 1888 by the papilliform outer labial and cephalic sensilla (vs. setiform in the latter); and from H. minor by the larger body size (ca. 4 mm in H. shinkai sp. nov. vs. ca. 0.5 mm in H. minor). Halalaimus shinkai sp. nov. resembles H. americanus Keppner, 1992, H. dolgovi, and H. paracomatus Keppner, 1992 in the presence of the lateral pieces of gubernacula. However, it can be distinguished from these species since it belongs to group 2 (vs. belonging to group 1, 1, and 3, respectively). It also differs in the papilliform outer labial and cephalic sensilla (vs. setiform in the latter three species). Halalaimus shinkai sp. nov. also resembles H. leptoderma Platonova, 1971 and H. pachyderma Filipjev, 1927 in the papilliform outer labial and cephalic sensilla, but differs from them by belonging group 2 (vs. both belonging to group 4). It also differs due to larger gubernacula with lateral pieces (vs. small, without lateral pieces). The taxonomic key for the species of Halalaimus group 2 amended from Keppner (1992) is as follows: 1 Caudal alae unornamented.............................................................................. 2 - Caudal alae ornamented................................................................................ 8 2 Gubernaculum with dorso-caudally directed apophysis........................................................ 3 - Gubernaculum without dorso-caudally directed apophysis..................................................... 5 3 Somatic alae present.............................................................................. H. filum - Somatic alae absent................................................................................... 4 4 Outer labial setae shorter than cephalic diameter....................................................... H. alatus - Outer labial setae twice as long as cephalic diameter.................................................... H. sarsi 5 Somatic alae absent......................................................................... H. gidanensis - Somatic alae present................................................................................... 6 6 Tail length ca. 30 cloacal body diameters........................................................... H. relatus - Tail length ca. 10–15 cloacal body diameters............................................................... 7 7 Outer labial sensilla setiform, equal to cephalic diameter.............................................. H. lineatus - Outer labial sensilla papilliform................................................................ H. lineatoides 8 Tail tip bifurcated............................................................................... H. brimi - Tail tip not bifurcated.................................................................................. 9 9 Gubernaculum with dorso-caudally directed apophysis....................................................... 10 - Gubernaculum without dorso-caudally directed apophysis.................................................... 11 10 Tail longer than 20 cloacal body diameters......................................................... H. gerlachi - Tail length ca. 10 cloacal body diameters............................................................ H. minor 11 Gubernaculum with lateral piece........................................................... H. shinkai sp. nov. - Gubernaculum without lateral piece...................................................................... 12 12 Inner labial sensilla setiform..................................................................... H. gracilis - Inner labial sensilla papilliform.................................................................... H. durusPublished as part of Shimada, Daisuke, Takeda, Naoya, Tsune, Akira & Murakami, Chisato, 2020, Three new species of free-living marine nematodes (Nematoda: Enoplida) from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ), North Pacific, pp. 507-526 in Zootaxa 4859 (4) on pages 513-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4859.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/453729
Accuracy Evaluation of Statically Backcalculated Layer Properties of Asphalt Pavements from Falling Weight Deflectometer Data
No full textThis study is to evaluate the dynamic effects of falling weight deflectometer (FWD) loading on the surface deflection of asphalt pavement and the accuracy of statically backcalculated layer moduli from FWD data. The dynamic and static deflections were computed using the spectral element method and the layer elastic theory, respectively, for various pavement structures. The static deflection is considerably larger than the dynamic deflection for typical FWD loading and the normalized difference between static and dynamic deflections increases with increasing distance from the load center and decreases with increasing loading duration. The dynamic deflections were utilized to backcalculate the layer moduli using two static backcalculation procedures, MODULUS and EVERCALC. The backcalculated moduli can be significantly different from the actual moduli. The results indicate that the static backcalculation procedure can lead to significant errors in the backcalculated layer moduli by ignoring the dynamic effects of FWD loading.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author
Use of Sail Excision in Alar Morphology Modification of Asian Noses
No full textGlobular hanging nasal alae, described as convex round shaped alar lobule which may be an aesthetic nuisance in the final result of rhinoplasty, are commonly seen among Southeast Asian noses. Such alar lobule morphology is an important part of nasal aesthetics and should not be disregarded. Surgical techniques used to address a hanging ala include direct external approaches. External rim excision was proposed to address hidden columella, sigmoid alae, small nostrils, dropped rim and foreshortened nose.1,2 Rim tissue was excised in full thickness fashion and sutured in one layer. Others proposed alar groove excision followed by alar repositioning and full-thickness skin grafting to reposition the alar base and correct hanging alae.3 Although these approaches have been proven to correct hanging alae, they leave a visible scar and/or permanent alar rim deformity if not done cautiously, especially on thick skinned patients.1-3 The alar rim may not be natural looking since it is lined by a scar, thus losing the lobular texture of the rim. A vestibular incision has been proposed to correct a hanging ala with unsightly scar.4 A maximum of 3mm elliptical vestibular skin was recommended to be removed to lift the alar rim with significant results. However, this recommendation was based on estimates and surgeon’s experience in western noses and may be insufficient for Asian noses. In addition, performing this technique without specific landmarks is difficult in achieving accurate results, especially when performed by a novice surgeon. Hence, further modification is important to address these concerns.
Attempting to address the hanging alae in Asian noses, the senior author (ECY) modified the vestibular incision and came up with the sail excision technique based on the patient’s nasal anatomy.5 By presenting definite landmarks, the technique resulted in an alar lift procedure with reproducible outcomes. Furthermore, after performing sail excision in several patients, the authors noted the effect of this technique on alar morphology. This procedure is done by excising a precisely marked piece of inner nasal vestibular skin that is shaped like the sail of a boat to achieve a symmetrical and redictable result. This creates a lifting effect and improves the alar columellar disproportion specially when combined with septal advancement techniques.6,7
Furthermore, limiting the excision along the inner vestibular area and rolling the alar rim skin inwards results in correction of hanging ala (with a hidden scar) without an obvious, external scar. After performing the technique on several patients, we observed that in addition to its effect on lifting a hanging ala, the sail excision technique also changes the alar morphology from a globular-shaped lobule to a more aesthetically pleasing ridge-shaped lobule. To the best of our knowledge, such an effect of sail excision on alar morphology has not been described in the literature.
This article aims to demonstrate the effect of the sail excision technique on alar rim morphology of Asian noses by describing the step-by-step procedure, surgical landmarks, and pearls in performing this technique
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