1,720,983 research outputs found
Electronic Nose for Real-time Monitoring of Odour Emissions at a Wastewater Treatment Plant
Full text linkThis paper describes the procedure adopted for implementing a monitoring system based on an electronic nose (EN) to continuously monitor odour emissions from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), with the purpose of identifying odour peaks related to the incoming wastewaters. The paper focuses on the methodology related to the instrument training, the implementation of a suitable model to classify the odour peaks, and then the validation procedure. In the specific case, the EN was installed at the arrival tank of the plant, which is characterized by anomalously intense odours and high variability of the incoming wastewater, with the purpose of identifying the origin of the odour peaks. To do this, the EN was equipped with automatic sampling systems to collect both the liquid effluent and gaseous samples at the arrival tank for further olfactometric and chemical characterizations. The paper limits its focus on the illustration of the EN training to identify the anomalous odour peaks related to unpredictable changes in the incoming wastewater, and the validation of the implemented model based on principal component analysis and support vector machine. Results achieved show that the EN can be effectively used for process control: the alarm set on EN signals proved effective in detecting alterations of the incoming effluent potentially responsible for odour events in the surroundings of the plant, thereby allowing plant managers prompt intervention to limit odour impacts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A bench test system for developing E-nose diagnostic tools with exhaled breath sampling
No full textLung diseases are difficult to diagnose, and exhaled breath analysis by electronic nose may represent a useful tool to improve sensitivity and specificity. Preliminary studies showed promising results using commercial E-noses. Limits for direct exhaled breath sampling are related to the effect of flow and temperature on MOS sensors response. In order to optimize sensors responses it is usefuel to control the abovementioned variables. To this aim we proposed a new electronic nose bench test system. We considered an input flow equal to 1 l/s, greater than the maximum expiratory flow during normal breathing. We performed CFD analysis and direct velocity measurement in the position of the sensor. Results confirmed that flow velocity in all the sensors' positions is similar, and the gas is equally spread in all the points of the chamber
Realisation of a Multi-sensor System for Real-time Monitoring of Odour Emissions at a Waste Treatment Plant
Full text linkCurrently, there is a growing interest in the development of Instrumental Odour Monitoring Systems (IOMS) for the real-time monitoring of odour emissions. They can be used at sensitive receptors for assessing the odour impact of the plant, or at plant fenceline or emission sources for process control purposes. The present work describes a research project, currently ongoing, concerning the realisation of an innovative IOMS network for the real-time measurement of odour concentration at the fenceline of a plant for the treatment of organic waste. More in detail, the IOMS, after a specific training phase, provides an output correlated to the odour concentration measured by dynamic olfactometry. As final goal, this project aims to define specific thresholds for the odour concentration at the plant fenceline, capable to effectively provide information about the probability of occurrence of odour episodes at sensitive receptors located in the surroundings of the plant. The research has been structured in five phases: 1) Parametric modelling study, aimed at correlating the odour concentration at the plant fenceline and the potential impact on the nearest sensitive receptors. 2) IOMS training for the specific application 3) IOMS performance verification in the field 4) Real-time monitoring of ambient air at the fenceline. 5) Definition of variable “alarm” thresholds for the odour concentration on the basis of meteorological data. Results achieved until now concerning the performance verification of the instrument in the field proved, with an accuracy of 82% (CI95% 68-94), the capability of the IOMS to detect and recognize odours from the plant. The preliminary evaluation of the quantification performance highlighted that the IOMS can provide an estimation of the odour concentration within the confidence interval by dynamic olfactometry
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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