1,721,045 research outputs found
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in surgical patients
No full textBACKGROUND: Unfractionated and low-molecular-weight heparin are commonly used in the prevention and therapy of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Because the major side effects of these drugs are hemorrhagic events, very little attention is paid to another important side effect (ie, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia [HIT]). HIT is an immune-mediated transient prothrombotic state with very severe implications determined by thromboembolic phenomena in both the venous and arterial circulation.
DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search from 1995 to 2008 was performed. Pertinent literature was identified and other references retrieved from bibliographic citations of the articles identified on PubMed. Articles related to the pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of HIT were reviewed.
CONCLUSIONS: HIT is a potentially fatal but treatable and largely preventable disease. An increased awareness of the signs and symptoms of the disorder is necessary to prevent its potentially devastating complications
Porto-spleno-mesenteric venous thrombosis
No full textPorto-spleno-mesenteric (PSM) venous thrombosis is a rare clinical condition that, while being mostly unrecognized, is nonetheless often severe with a high morbidity and mortality. PSM venous thrombosis is the cause of as many as 5-10% of all abdominal ischemic events, and it presents with a highly variable and non-specific pattern of abdominal symptoms. Such complex and non-specific presentation can delay diagnosis, determining the poor clinical outcome of this condition. This review article discusses the information available on the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and general management of PSM venous thrombosis, with a focus on a number of some clinical issues that remain unaddressed. In particular, the current understanding of the predisposing factors and the heterogeneous clinical manifestations of this condition are described in detail. The recent advances in imaging techniques, which are leading to an improved diagnostic accuracy and facilitate an early diagnosis are also presented. Further, the indications and limits of both pharmacological and surgical treatment options are discussed
Influence of a GMO-containing diet on pancreatic acinar cells of adult mice: effects of a short-term diet reversion
No full textPrevious studies on mice fed on a genetically modified (GM) soybean showed that changes in zymogen synthesis and processing as well as in cell nuclear activity take place in pancreatic acinar cells. In this study, we aimed at elucidating whether these modifications can be reversed. To do this, mice fed on GM soybean from their weaning to the third month of age were administered a diet containing control soybean for one additional month. In parallel, to investigate the influence of GM soybean on adult individuals, 3 month-old mice fed from their weaning on control soybean were administered a GM-containing diet for one month. Morphometry, cytochemistry and immunocytochemistry were used to analyse pancreatic acinar cells at light and electron microscopy. Our results demonstrate that a one month-diet reversion in adult mice can influence some morpho-functional features of pancreatic acinar cells, restoring in GM-fed mice some characteristics typical of controls and inducing in control mice modifications similar to those observed in animals fed on GM soybean from weaning. This implies that the modifications related to GM soybean are potentially reversible, but also that some modifications are inducible in adult organisms in relatively short time. Although the mechanisms responsible for such modifications still remain unidentified, these results confirm the need of further investigations to go deeper the possible consequences of GM food consumption
Effetti sul topo di un’alimentazione contenente soia GM
No full textIl lavoro descrive gli effetti di un’alimentazione contenente soia GM su vari organi di top
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Total plasma homocysteine and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism in patients with colorectal carcinoma
No full textAIM:
To investigate the behaviour of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) and its most common genetic determinant defect, the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (C677TMTHFR) polymorphism in patients with early stage colorectal carcinoma.
METHODS:
tHcy was quantified by Abbott IMx immunoassay; screening for C677TMTHFR substitution was performed by PCR and restriction analysis.
RESULTS:
The frequency of the C/T and T/T genotypes of the C677TMTHFR gene polymorphism did not differ between the groups. The mean tHcy was statistically higher in cancer patients than in control subjects carrying the same C/C or C/T genotype, whereas there was no difference in the T/T homozygous carriers of the two groups. tHcy was significantly higher in the T/T homozygous carriers than in C/C and C/T genotype carriers.
CONCLUSION:
The statistically significant increase of tHcy observed in C/C and C/T genotype carriers among our cancer patients is related to substrate consumption dependent on the tumor cell proliferation rate, whereas the tHcy increase observed in T/T genotype carriers of both groups probably depends on the enzymatic deficit of the homocysteine conversion to methionine and/or on the folate deficiency
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Molecular forms and ultrastructural localization of prostate-specific antigen in nipple aspirate fluids
No full textUltrastructural computerized morphometry of platelets in chronic myelogenous leukemia making use of ultra-thin sections and freeze-fracture procedure. A preliminary approach
No full textBiochemical and morphological data have shown that the circulating platelets are deeply altered in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. In this report we describe the results of ultrastructural morphometry performed by means of a computerized device of the platelet shape (ultra-thin sectioned platelets) and of the platelet plasma-membrane (freeze-fractured platelets). Platelets appeared deeply modified: reduced mean platelet area and perimeter, increased surface density of the openings of the surface connected canalicular system, abnormal features of the platelet cytoplasm and some aspects of platelets joined together even if with heterogeneity in these findings did appear from patient to patient
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