1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
African cereal-based staple foods : Another way to improve folate intakes
No full textLes folates sont des vitamines indispensables à tous les âges, particulièrement pendant la grossesse et l’enfance, étant donné leur fonction dans la division cellulaire. Le régime alimentaire en Afrique est essentiellement basé sur les céréales, consommées toujours après transformation. La fermentation est l’un des moyens de transformation des céréales pouvant augmenter les folates dans les aliments. L’objectif de ce travail était d’utiliser la fermentation pour augmenter les ingérés en folates des populations africaines via la consommation d’aliments céréaliers fermentés. Sept aliments céréaliers fermentés couramment consommés en Afrique de l’Ouest ont été investigués. La plupart des aliments avaient des teneurs en folates (1,8–31,3 µg/100g matière fraîche) inférieures à celles des céréales de départ (13,8-73,4 µg/100g matière fraîche). Des pertes en folates ont lieu au cours de certaines étapes de procédés dont le décorticage, le séchage, le trempage, le broyage et la filtration. Toutefois, la fermentation a permis une augmentation de la teneur en folates dans certains aliments. La bioaccessibilité des folates, évaluée à l'aide d'un modèle de digestion statique in vitro, variait de 23% à 81%. Elle était influencée par la matrice alimentaire et la stabilité des folates au cours de la digestion. Il a été calculé qu’au maximum 8% des besoins journaliers en folates des jeunes enfants consommant l’un des aliments étudiés pourraient être couverts. Des essais d’inoculation de bouillies fermentés à base de mil avec des souches de bactéries lactiques sélectionnées pour leurs propriétés nutritionnelles (synthèse de folates, hydrolyse de l’amidon) permettaient d’augmenter significativement les teneurs en folates (jusqu’à 8,7 µg/100 g matière fraîche) par rapport à leur équivalent préparées de manière traditionnelle (2,5-5,4 µg/100 g matière fraîche). L’inoculation par un pied-de-cuve provenant d’une fermentation spontanée permettait aussi une augmentation significative des teneurs folates (jusqu’à 7,4 µg/100 g matière fraîche). La caractérisation de la diversité bactérienne de 7 aliments céréaliers fermentés du Burkina Faso, d’Ethiopie et de la Finlande montrait que les bactéries lactiques du genre Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Weissella, Pediococcus, Lactococcus et Streptococcus étaient les principaux acteurs de la fermentation de ces aliments. Toutefois, une présence non négligeable d’autres microorganismes potentiellement pathogènes des genres Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Erwinia, Klebsiella, Escherichia et Acinetobacter a été identifiée. Cette contamination était liée à certaines étapes du procédé de transformation des céréales dont le stockage et broyage dans les moulins publics. Ces microorganismes pathogènes étaient réduits par fermentation et finalement éliminés après l'étape de cuisson.Folates represent an essential vitamin in the human diet at all ages, particularly during pregnancy and infancy, as it is required for the production of new cells. In many African countries, the main staple foods are based on cereals, which are always consumed after processing. Fermentation is one of the processing, which could increase folate contents in foods. The objective of this work was to increase folates intake of African people through the consumption of cereal-based fermented foods using fermentation. Seven types of cereal-based fermented foods (CBFF), commonly consumed in West Africa, were investigated in this study. Total folate content of cereal-based fermented ranged between 1.8 and 31.3 µg/100g fresh weight, and was almost always lower than in the raw material (13.8-73.4 µg/100g fresh weight). Folate losses occurred during some processing steps like debranning, soaking and drying steps. However, fermentation was able to increase the folate content in some CBFF. Folate bioaccessibility was assessed using a static in vitro digestion model, and ranged from 23% to 81%. The bioaccessible folate content was influenced by total folate content, the structure of food matrices that modulated folate release, and folate stability during digestion process. Calculations of the contributions of CBFF to the reference nutrient intake for folate showed that folate intakes from these foods would cover a maximum of 8% of the folate requirements for young children. Porridges prepared with starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria selected for the nutritional properties (folate synthesis, starch hydrolysis) had significantly higher folate contents (up to 8.7 µg/100 g fresh matter) than the porridge prepared using the traditional process (2.5-5.4 µg/100 g fresh matter). Back slopping using an inoculum from a spontaneous fermentation also enabled an interesting increase in folate contents (up to 7.4 µg/100 g fresh matter). The bacterial diversity of seven cereal-based fermented foods from Burkina Faso, Ethiopia and Finland were assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Lactic acid bacteria genus, including Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Weissella, Pediococcus, Lactococcus and Streptococcus were the main bacteria present in cereal-based fermented foods. Several potentially pathogenic bacteria, namely, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Erwinia, Escherichia, Klebsiella and Acinetobacter were also found in some intermediary products resulting from storage and wet milling. These microorganisms were reduced by fermentation and finally removed after the cooking step
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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