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Efficacia di fungicidi sintetici e naturali nella difesa antiperonosporica della cipolla da seme
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Micropropagation of walnut: A real opportunity
No full textSince 2005, Vitroplant Italia s.r.l. has been producing micropropagated walnut plants, which have been planted in demonstrative orchards from 2007 with excellent results. Following this first experience, from 2013 there has been an increasing demand for micropropagated walnut plants. The micropropagated 'Chandler' potted plants, 10 cm height (in 0.9-L pot) and 30 cm height (1.7-L pot), were compared with bare root 1-year-old 'Chandler' grafted plants, on rootstock J. regia seedlings, 1.80 m height. The plantation was made for all the plants at the end of April in a demonstrative orchard in Emilia Romagna region (45°N, Italy). Micropropagated plants in 0.9-L pots got an equivalent or higher growth than grafted plants at the third year, while the micropropagated plants in1.7-L pots overtook growing performance of grafted plants already during the first year. The cumulative production per plant since now has been equivalent or higher in micropropagated 'Chandler' orchards than in grafted ones. This result was obtained with less pruning and greater vegetative growth of micropropagated plants, which made easier the training of structured central axis. In the last few years, the most planted type of micropropagated plants was the dormant bare root type. These plants can be obtained in one growing season in the nursery, after early spring acclimation ex vitro. This type of plant was between 0.20 and 0.60 m height and easier to be managed during the first year of growth in the orchard compared to the pot plants. Therefore, in a second demonstrative field trial, 'Chandler' dormant bare root plants from micropropagation were compared with 1-year-old grafted plants on J. regia seedlings 1.80 m height. Micropropagated plants showed better growth rate and more homogeneity with minimal pruning to train the structured central axis. While, a delay in production of female flowers was found in micropropagated 'Chandler' trees during the first 3-4 years, the cumulative production per plant was higher than in grafted plants 8 years after planting
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Acclimation ex vitro: How to improve the root system
No full textAcclimation ex vitro is considered one of the most critical stages of the whole
micro-propagation cycle. The root system is still weak and root growth and
absorption need to be improved to compensate the increasing leaf transpiration and
need of nutrients. The experiments presented in this study aimed to improve the
aerial and root growth by using different substrates (type and mode of filling of the
pots) in combination with specific fertilizers and replacing part of the root absorption
with nutrient application to the leaves. The supply of mineral elements and organic
compounds to the leaves in synergy with the available reserves in the seedlings can
avoid the increasing of the cost of the absorption process for the plantlet. Results
confirm the importance of the substrate to affect root growth and establishment. The
quality of the growth of root and foliar P, K, Ca, Mg, and humic acids application
positively influenced the growth and the plant settlement. Results showed that foliar
applications in fertilized growing media are able to enhance vegetative growth, dry
matter accumulation and basal steam diameter in all the tested clones. When nonfertilized
growing media are used, foliar application is less effective in controlling
vegetative growth to obtain the required height and basal stem diameter. This study
suggests that is advisable to have a micro-porous substrate and apply moderate
fertilizations through the substrate. The supply of the nutrients to the leaves resulted
in bigger, but well hardened plants. It is possible to argue that changing
concentrations and ratio among the different elements according to the acclimation
cycle stage would balance vegetative growth and reduce hidden stresses
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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