3,833 research outputs found
Experience of Lyme disease and preferences for precautions: A cross-sectional survey of UK patients
No full textThis article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright @ 2013 Marcu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background: Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne zoonosis currently affecting approximately 1000 people annually in the UK (confirmed through serological diagnosis) although it is estimated that the real figures may be as high as 3000 cases. It is important to know what factors may predict correct appraisal of LD symptoms and how the experience of LD might predict preferences for future precautionary actions.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with early LD patients via the Lyme Borreliosis Unit at the Health Protection Agency. One hundred and thirty participants completed measures of awareness of having been bitten by ticks, knowledge of ticks and LD, interpretation of LD symptoms, suspicions of having LD prior to seeing the General Practitioner (GP), and preferences for precautionary actions during future countryside visits. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to identify key predictors of awareness of having been bitten by ticks and of having LD. t-tests assessed differences between groups of participants on suspicions of having LD and preferences for future precautions. Pearson correlations examined relationships between measures of preferences for precautions and frequency of countryside use, knowledge of ticks and LD, and intentions to avoid the countryside in the future.
Results: 73.8% of participants (n = 96) reported a skin rash as the reason for seeking medical help, and 44.1% (n = 64) suspected they had LD before seeing the GP. Participants reporting a direct event in realizing they had been bitten by ticks (seeing a tick on skin or seeing a skin rash and linking it to tick bites) were more likely to suspect they had LD before seeing the doctor. Participants distinguished between taking precautions against tick bites during vs. after countryside visits, largely preferring the latter. Also, the more frequently participants visited the countryside, the less likely they were to endorse during-visit precautions.
Conclusions: The results suggest that the risk of LD is set in the context of the restorative benefits of countryside practices, and that it may be counterproductive to overemphasize pre- or during-visit precautions. Simultaneously, having experienced LD is not associated with any withdrawal from countryside.Economic and Social Research Counci
Saturation multipoint linkage mapping of chromosome 6q in type 1 diabetes
No full textLinkage analysis of type 1 diabetes sib pair families (n = 334) has suggested two separate regions of human chromosome 6q are linked to disease (designated IDDM5 and IDDM8), To test if these are false positive results, all available sib pair families (n = 429) were typed using a 92% informative map of chromosome 6q and multipoint analysis, The two regions still showed positive evidence of linkage, most notably the proterminal region, 6q27, corresponding to IDDM8 (MLS = 2.57, p = 0.0006; lambda(s) = 1.17). In addition, some evidence of transmission disequilibrium was seen with marker a046xa9 (IDDM5)
Ataxin 1 and Ataxin 3 in Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease
No full textNeuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by large intranuclear aggregates in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system. These ubiquitinated intranuclear inclusions are morphologically similar to the intraneuronal aggregates that have been identified in the CAG/polyglutamine expansion diseases. As rare aggregates in NIID contain a polyglutamine epitope, we further investigated the relationship between this disease and the CAG/polyglutamine expansion diseases. Here, we show that ataxin 1 and ataxin 3 proteins are recruited into aggregates in NIID in the absence of a CAG expansion in the SCA1 and SCA3 genes. These data support an association of NIID with the polyglutamine disorders and provide evidence of in vivo recruitment of proteins with polyglutamine tracts into intraneuronal aggregates
Flow cytometric quantitation of immunofluorescence intensity: problems and perspectives. European Working Group on Clinical Cell Analysis.
No full textCommon pattern of cortical pathology in childhood-onset and adult-onset schizophrenia as identified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging
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The role of economics in the QUERI program: QUERI Series.
No full textBackground: The United States (U.S.) Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) has implemented economic analyses in single-site and multi-site clinical trials. To date, no one has reviewed whether the QUERI Centers are taking an optimal approach to doing so. Consistent with the continuous learning culture of the QUERI Program, this paper provides such a reflection. Methods: We present a case study of QUERI as an example of how economic considerations can and should be integrated into implementation research within both single and multi-site studies. We review theoretical and applied cost research in implementation studies outside and within VA. We also present a critique of the use of economic research within the QUERI program. Results: Economic evaluation is a key element of implementation research. QUERI has contributed many developments in the field of implementation but has only recently begun multisite implementation trials across multiple regions within the national VA healthcare system. These trials are unusual in their emphasis on developing detailed costs of implementation, as well as in the use of business case analyses (budget impact analyses). Conclusion: Economics appears to play an important role in QUERI implementation studies, only after implementation has reached the stage of multi-site trials. Economic analysis could better inform the choice of which clinical best practices to implement and the choice of implementation interventions to employ. QUERI economics also would benefit from research on costing methods and development of widely accepted international standards for implementation economics.implementation science; cost analysis; cost-effectiveness; health care cost; health systems;
Reflections of a Jewish, Lesbian Author
No full textIn this essay, Jewish lesbian author Leslea Newman speaks of the importance of finding one's own identity reflected in works of literature, citing examples of her own work, and recommending the writings of other Jewish lesbian authors of merit
Frameworks for risk communication and disease management: The case of Lyme disease and countryside users
No full textManagement of zoonotic disease is necessary if countryside users are to gain benefit rather than suffer harm from their activities, and to avoid disproportionate reaction to novel threats. We introduce a conceptual framework based on the pressure-state-response model with five broad responses to disease incidence. Influencing public behaviour is one response and requires risk communication based on an integration of knowledge about the disease with an understanding of how publics respond to precautionary advice. A second framework emphasizes how risk communication involves more than information provision and should address dimensions including points-of-intervention over time, place and audience. The frameworks are developed by reference to tick-borne Lyme borreliosis (also known as Lyme disease), for which informed precautionary behaviour is particularly relevant. Interventions to influence behaviour can be directed by knowledge of spatial and temporal variation of tick abundance, what constitutes risky behaviour, how people respond to information of varying content, and an understanding of the social practices related to countryside use. The frameworks clarify the response options and help identify who is responsible for risk communication. These aspects are not consistently understood, and may result in an underestimation of the role of land-based organizations in facilitating appropriate precautionary behaviour
Staging the life-world: Habermas and the recuperation of Austin speech act theory
No full textPT: J; CR: APEL KO, 1976, SPRACHPRAGMATIK PHIL AUSTIN JL, 1962, HOW TO DO THINGS WOR AUSTIN JL, 1970, PHILOS PAPERS CULLER J, 1982, DECONSTRUCTION DERRIDA J, 1977, GLYPH, V1 ECO U, 1992, UNDERSTANDING ORIGIN, P273 FISH S, 1987, TRACING LIT THEORY HABERMAS J, 1984, THEORY COMMUNICATIVE, V1 HABERMAS J, 1987, THEORY COMMUNICATIVE, V2 HABERMAS J, 1989, JURGEN HABERMAS SOC MARTINET A, 1962, FUNCTIONAL VIEW LANG, P24 QUINE WV, 1960, WORD OBJECT SEARLE JR, 1969, SPEECH ACTS SEARLE JR, 1977, GLYPH, V1 VANEEMEREN F, 1983, SPEECH ACTS ARGUMENT WARNOCK GJ, 1989, FL AUSTIN; NR: 16; TC: 0; J9: J THEOR SOC BEHAV; PG: 12; GA: KR147Source type: Electronic(1
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