1,720,974 research outputs found
An estimator algorithm for the rotation time of magnetization vector in nuclear magnetic resonance for imaging (NMRI)
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to propose a useful method to investigate the rotation time of the magnetization vector in the nuclear magnetic resonance for imaging (NMRI) system. The ninety degrees rotation of the magnetization vector is the first step in order to establish the free induction decay that radiates electromagnetic energy inside the NMRI chamber. The estimator involved in this research is called Luenberger's observer which is a state estimator of a dynamical system. The Bloch's equation is a dynamical system characterized by a radio frequency (RF) impulse located inside the dynamic matrix, which means the system is not linear. The observer algorithm involved in this paper estimates each vector's component of the Bloch's dynamic model characterized by the magnetizations along the x, y and z direction which are axles located inside the NMRI chamber where the z axis has the same direction of the uniform magnetic field. The result is compared with one shown in the literature which results coincident with estimation. The estimator has been calculated in a closed form except in some cases where the symbolic expression makes the mathematical characterized by a high computational burden. The expression of the solutions is calculated by using the Heaviside expansion once the poles of the dynamical systems characterizing the Bloch's differential equations system are known. A set of simulations is carried out by using different configurations of the observer that have been calculated formerly without considering the RF pulse and subsequently with its introduction showing how the Bloch's dynamical system is affected by the skew symmetric matrix which is typical of a gyroscopic dynamical system. This likelihood produces a time estimation of the rotation vector which is slightly higher than the estimated value offered in the literature
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR COMPARISON OF ROTATING SHAFT SUSPENDED BY TWO RADIAL ACTIVE MAGNETIC BEARINGS.
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Digital control circuitry of cancer cell and its apoptosis
Full text linkThis study, through a typical aerospace systems architecture, suggests an engineering design of a human cancer cell circuitry in which a digital optimal control matrix is assigned to repair the DNA damage level and/or to trigger its apoptosis.
Here, the conceived machinery is proposed taking into account the state of the art in cancer investigation. However, it could be further generalized.
The most recent studies on cancer pathologies give a predominant role to the oncosuppressor protein p53 and its antagonist, the oncogene Mdm2.
Experimental and theoretical approaches are in agreement in deducing a “digital” response of the p53 when genomic integrity is damaged. Once DNA damage is present, the mutual influence of p53 and its antagonist, the Mdm2 oncogene, is closed in a feedback loop.
In this work, starting from these current results, a novel molecular mechanism is proposed, based on a digital optimal control law, whereby p53 and Mdm2 proteins activities can be represented by appropriate circuitry and governed by the optimal control law of digital systems.
This procedure obtains a real-time sequence evaluation of protein oscillations and an unexpected and relevant acceleration in the DNA repairing when suitable digital control matrix is implemented.
Those effects suggest interesting perspectives for future scientific investigations.
First of all, the proposed digital circuitry, receiving the p53 signal from a damaged cell, is able to repair the current level of genomic alteration. Moreover, the cell fate is newly conceived and bound by the modified pulsing mechanism of p53
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