1,721,167 research outputs found
Epithelial Cell Culture 2nd Edition
No full textEpithelial cell culture has emerged as a cornerstone technique in the field of cell biology,
providing invaluable insights into the fundamental mechanisms underlying various physiological
processes. It is with great pleasure and excitement that we present the second edition
of Epithelial Cell Culture: Methods and Protocols, which builds upon the success of the first
edition and further delves into the dynamic world of epithelial cell researc
Role of Leptin in the Mammary Gland Development, Lactation and in Neonatal Physiology
No full textAbstract:
The biology of leptin has been studied most extensively in the central nervous system for the regulation of food intake and energy balance. In recent years, a growing number of publications have reported several activities of this adipose-secreted protein in different organs. These effects appear to be independent of the regulation of food intake or at least not directly correlated to it, but rather related to the hormonal regulation of these particular tissues. Thus leptin is now also considered to be a hormonal factor that informs several hormonal circuits and biological peripheral functions of the nutrition status of the organism. Evidences are reported the role of leptin to regulate mammogenesis during a virgin, pregnancy and involution. In mammary gland, leptin has been observed to exert also an autocrine and/or paracrine activity which affects the development of duct, formation of gland alveolus, expression of milk protein gene and onset involution of mammary gland. Findings with experimental rodent models reveal that exposures to leptin during the in utero and pubertal periods when the mammary gland is undergoing extensive modeling and re-modeling, may alter susceptibility to develop mammary tumors. Leptin synthesis has been found also in the placenta both in human and in livestock animals suggesting a role in controlling growth of the foetus and neonate. Furthermore, colostrum and milk contain high amounts of leptin, in particular during the first few days of lactation, that cause a correlation between milk leptin and plasma leptin, body weight and body mass index. Furthermore, other studies suggest that milk leptin may control appetite. Lastly, since nutrition or neonatal stress can program the immune system, leptin change that occurs in mothers and neonates can imprint hormonal or metabolic changes that influence later life degenerative and chronic diseases
Effect of melatonin on the in vitro secretion of progesterone and estradiol 17 ß by ovine granulosa cells
No full textLeptin and prolactin modulate the expression of SOCS-1 in association with interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in mammary cells: a role in differentiated secretory epithelium
No full textLeptin reduces the inhibitory effect of the IL-1 beta on milk protein gene expression in differentiated mammary cells
No full textFunctional identification of bovine mammary epithelial stem/progenitor cells
No full textThe in vitro and in vivo assays have been developed to detect primitive bovine mammary cells.
The in vitro CFC assay allowed us to detect different type of progenitors as demonstrated by the
different colonies that they were able to generate when cultured in vitro.
Cells from bovine mammary tissue were able to generate organized outgrowths in a xenograft model.
Moreover progenitor cells could be detected in these outgrowths, but the frequencies of the different
type of colonies showed a marked variation when compared to the CFC assay performed on freshly
dissociated BMECs.
The systems described here provide very useful tools to improve the knowledge of the bovine
mammary tissue hierarchy and of the mechanisms and factors that drive proliferation and
differentiation. As future perspective this knowledge may then be used to develop new strategies for
increasing milk production in dairy cows by specifically targeting signaling pathways that are important
in the control of the stem/progenitor cell compartmen
The scatter factor signaling pathways as therapeutic associated target in cancer treatment
No full textReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key regulators of critical cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, neo-vascularization, and tissue repair. In addition to their importance in the regulation of normal physiology, aberrant expression of certain RTKs has also been associated to the development and progression of many types of cancer. c-Met and RON are two RTKs with closely related sequences, structural homology, and similar functional properties. Both these receptors, once activated by their respective ligands, the Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor (HGF/SF1) and the Macrophage Stimulating Protein/Scatter Factor 2 (MSP/SF2), can induce cell migration, invasion and proliferation. Soon after its discovery in the mid-1980s, c-Met attracted a great interest because of its role in modulating cell motility. Moreover, the causal role for c-Met activating mutations in human cancer propelled an intensive drug discovery effort throughout academic institutions and pharmaceutical companies. While c-Met is now a well-accepted target for anticancer drug design, less is known about the role of RON in cancer and less has been done to target this receptor. In this review we will discuss the biological relevance of c-Met and RON, their deregulation in human cancers and the progress, so far, in identifying c-Met and RON signaling inhibitors. Finally, we will focus on the development of therapeutic strategies and drug efficacy studies based on interfering the scatter factor signaling pathways
Leptin reduces the inhibitory effect of cytokines and enhances SOC-1 gene expression in differentiated mammary cells
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