1,720,961 research outputs found

    A Dilution and Mixing Stage for a Frost Point Humidity Generator

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    A study for a downward extension of the low range primary humidity generator (PHG) has been undertaken at IMGC-CNR. The new system is intended for trace moisture generation with molar fractions lower than 10-6 mol/mol. It consists of a dilution and mixing stage cascaded to the low range PHG output. A detailed analysis of the system operation is reported and the various uncertainty sources discussed. A preliminary comparison in a frost point temperature range from –80 °C to –50 °C was carried out. The predicted frost point temperatures of the flow-mixing system compare favourably with the measured values. An agreement of better than 0,06 °C with the PHG reference temperature was found. Initial tests have also shown a repeatability to within 0,1 °C over the investigated range

    Water Vapour Adsorption Measurements on Metal Surfaces

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    A method of measuring the water vapour desorbed/adsorbed on electro-polished stainless steel (EP-SS) surface at room temperature is discussed. It relies on the measurement of the outgassing rate, Q, from the metal surface which is supposed to obey a power law of the form Q = Q10 t-. From the outgassing model the amount of desorbed and adsorbed water vapour was estimated in terms of water monolayers. The investigation was performed at different exposure conditions, i.e., at water vapour pressures from about 1 Pa to 133 Pa and exposure times from about 60 s to 6000 s, on baked AISI 316L EP-SS tubing of the same type to be used in a moisture generator. As expected, the amount of adsorbed water vapour is proportional to both the initial vapour pressure and the exposure time. The paper discusses the outgassing model, gives details of the experimental procedures and apparatus and reports about the experimental results

    Measurements of Humidity Standards at UME (Turkey) and at IMGC-CNR (Italy). A Bilateral Comparison

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    A bilateral comparison between UME and IMGC was carried out in the field of humidity from 30C to 60C dew/frost point temperatures. Two circulating chilled-mirror dew point transfer standards are measured, both in terms of the DC analog output and the Pt-100 mirror PRT reading, and the result of the comparison has been evaluated in terms of these two quantities. The agreement between the results of the measurement at UME and those obtained at IMGC-CNR in the common dew/frost point temperature range -30 °C to 60 °C is found to be within the comparison uncertainty. The detailed analysis of the results and the uncertainty budget related to the measurements is presented in this work

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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