323,925 research outputs found
Negatively supercharging cellulases render them lignin-resistant
No full textNon-specific adsorption of cellulases to lignin hinders enzymatic deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass. Here we tested the hypothesis that negatively supercharging cellulases could reduce lignin inhibition. Computational design was used to negatively supercharge the surfaces of Ruminoclostridium thermocellum family 5 CelE and a CelE-family 3a carbohydrate binding module fusion. Resulting designs maintained the same expression yield, thermal stability, and nearly identical activity on soluble substrate as the wild-type proteins. Four designs showed complete lack of inhibition by lignin but with lower cellulose conversion compared to original enzymes. Increasing salt concentrations could partially rescue the activity of supercharged enzymes, supporting a mechanism of electrostatic repulsion between designs and cellulose. Results showcase a protein engineering strategy to construct highly active cellulases that are resistant to lignin-mediated inactivation, although further work is needed to understand the relationship between negative protein surface potential and activity on insoluble polysaccharides.Peer reviewe
Accelerated Asymptotics for Diffusion Model Estimation
Get PDFWe propose a semiparametric estimation procedure for scalar homogeneous stochastic differential equations. We specify a parametric class for the underlying diffusion process and identify the parameters of interest by minimizing criteria given by the integrated squared difference between kernel estimates of drift and diffusion function and their parametric counterparts. The nonparametric estimates are simplified versions of those in Bandi and Phillips (1998). A complete asymptotic theory for the semiparametric estimates is developed. The limit theory relies on infill and long span asymptotics and the asymptotic distributions are shown to depend on the chronological local time of the underlying diffusion process. The estimation method and asymptotic results apply to both stationary and nonstationary processes. As is standard with semiparametric approaches in other contexts, faster convergence rates are attained than is possible in the fully functional case. From a purely technical point of view, this work merges two strands of the most recent econometrics literature, namely the estimation of nonlinear models of integrated time-series [Park and Phillips (1999, 2000)] and the functional identification of diffusions under minimal assumptions on the dynamics of the underlying process [Florens-Zmirou (1993), Jacod (1997), Bandi and Phillips (1998) and Bandi (1999)]. In effect, the 'minimum distance' type of estimation that is presented in this paper can be interpreted as extremum estimation for potentially nonstationary and nonlinear continuous-time models.
Co-citation Analysis: An Overview
Get PDFThis article gives an overview of co-citation analysis and its applications in tracking the linkages among the intellectual works and mapping the evolutionary structure of scientific disciplines. It also focuses on the features, interface, terminology used, merits and demerits of co-citation based online database applications
longitude and latitude details of classroom for attendence system
No full textThis dataset contains classroom details in a college such as latitude, longitude, place, and room_number for student's attendance system. This dataset helps to get face recognition based attendance system using Deep Learning
Dome`S internal decorative elements in Persian architecture case study: Yazdi-Bandi
No full textThis paper describes and scrutinizes one of the patterns, referred to Yazdibandi, used to decorate the internal surface of domes and semi domes. Yazdi-bandi is one of the important decorative elements of Persian architecture. Therefore, comprehensive research on the identification and understanding the characteristics, and determine the exact geometry, and classification based on scientific methods seems imperative. The aim of this paper is to identify the unique features of the Yazdi-bandi as an Architectural-ornamental domes which topped a majority of distinct Interior domes during the early Iranian Islamic era. For this purpose, two samples were chosen out of a total of Yazdi-bandi in Iranian Islamic architecture. Through an analytic review of selected examples, the paper suggests and addresses the features of Yazdi-bandi domes, their formal morphological compositions and typological forms based on the number of their Internal from geometry in Iranian Architecture and nearby regions. This study aims are to demonstrate some ways out: Evolutionary Historical of Yazdi-bandi. The theoretical framework for the formal language of Yazdi-bandi domes sheds new light on undiscovered information about the essential characteristics of Persian ornamental domes in this region
On the performance and the optimization of LDPC codes on fading channels with imperfect CSI
No full textIn this article we investigate low-density parity check
(LDPC) codes for fast Rayleigh fading channels in the
presence of channel estimation error. The analysis is carried
out using the Density Evolution technique assuming a belief
propagation (BP) decoder. After having derived the analytical
framework for decoding analysis, we prove that there exists a simple approximated relationship, function of estimation error variance, between the signal-to-noise ratio thresholds in the two cases of perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI).
This approximation follows the exact computation tightly, when the variance of the estimation error is sufficiently smaller than the fading variance. As a result, optimized codes for perfect CSI are also approximately optimized for imperfect CSI
Munia bichenovii subsp. bandi Mathews
No full text<i>Munia bichenovii bandi</i> Mathews <p> <i>Munia bichenovii bandi</i> Mathews, 1912a: 429 (Northern Territory (Alexandra)).</p> <p> Now from a zone of intergradation between <i>Taeniopygia b. bichenovii</i> and <i>T. b. annulosa</i>. See Mayr et al., 1968: 359; Schodde and Mason, 1999: 763–764; Dickinson, 2003: 733; and Payne, 2010: 357–358.</p> <p> LECTOTYPE: <b>AMNH 720329</b>, adult male, collected at Alexandria (5 Alexandra), 19.02S, 136.42E (USBGN, 1957), Northern Territory, Australia, in June 1905, by Wilfred Stalker. From the Mathews Collection (no. 3495) via the Rothschild Collection.</p> <p> COMMENTS: In the original description, Mathews said only that his type was from ‘‘ Northern Territory (Alexandra)’’ and gave the range as ‘‘ Northern Territory.’’ The Alexandria collection was made by Stalker for William Ingram and reported on by Collingwood Ingram (1907, 1909). It was later purchased by Mathews. C. Ingram (1907: 415) recorded an adult specimen, without sex and date of collection, as <i>Stictoptera bichenovii</i> and an adult male and female (no. 54, that shared a label), collected in June 1905, as <i>Stictoptera annulosa</i>. On his label, however, Mathews had identified the female specimen collected in June 1905 as <i>S. annulosa,</i> and the unsexed, undated bird and the male collected in June 1905 as <i>M. bichenovii</i>, labeling the last as his type of <i>M. bichenovii bandi.</i> It is clear from the ranges given in his listing of the subspecies of <i>M. bichenovii</i> (Mathews, 1912a: 429) that he assigned all his Northern Territory specimens to his new subspecies <i>bandi,</i> which he regarded as intermediate between <i>M. b. annulosa</i> and <i>M. b. bichenovii</i>, and that he considered <i>M. b. annulosa</i> to be confined to ‘‘North-West Australia.’’ He had marked the Stalker label of the unsexed, undated bird (AMNH 720332) as ‘‘Type,’’ but apparently changed his mind, as AMNH 720329 bears his green type label as well as a Rothschild type label. It is this specimen that was evidently Mathews’ intended type, was so cataloged when the Rothschild Collection came to AMNH, and has since then been considered the type without question. I hereby designate AMNH 720329 the lectotype of <i>Munia bichenovii bandi</i> in order to settle the issue. Paralectotypes are: Alexandria, <b>AMNH 720331</b> (Mathews no. 3494), female, June 1905; <b>AMNH 720332</b> (3503), sex?, undated, both collected by Stalker.</p> <p> AMNH 720333, collected at Glencoe, Northern Territory, by Knut Dahl in January 1895 was not cataloged by Mathews (no. 11046) until 8 February 1912, after the 31 January 1912 publication date of <i>bandi</i> and is not considered a paratype.</p>Published as part of <i>LeCroy, Mary, 2013, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 11. Passeriformes: Parulidae, Drepanididae, Vireonidae, Icteridae, Fringillinae, Carduelinae, Estrildidae, And Viduinae, pp. 1-155 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2013 (381)</i> on page 106, DOI: 10.1206/832.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4611863">http://zenodo.org/record/4611863</a>
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