1,354,599 research outputs found
"Fattori di rischio"
No full textSono stati analizzati i principali fattori di rischio della malattia glaucomatosa ed in particolare, la pressione intraoculare, lo spessore corneale, la storia familiare, la razza, il sesso, l'età, i difetti di rifrazione, l'aspetto del disco ottico e le alterazioni circolatorie
Deep lamellar keratoplasty with trypan blue intrastromal staining
No full textThis technique was developed to facilitate removal of the deep stromal layers during deep lamellar keratoplasty. A trypan blue 0.02% solution is injected into the stromal fibers, enabling the surgeon to visualize and remove the posterior stromal layers. This decreases the risk of perforation of Descemet's membrane and the endothelium. © 2002 ASCRS and ESCRS
Femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis for the correction of residual ametropia after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty: a pilot investigation
No full textPurposeTo evaluate the refractive and visual results of one-stage laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis with femtosecond laser (Femto-LASIK) for the correction of residual ametropia after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).MethodsThis retrospective study included 13 eyes of 12 patients, who underwent corneal Femto-LASIK to correct refractive errors after DALK. IntraLase FS150 was used to create a lamellar flap and excimer laser ablation for refractive correction was performed using the Star S4 IR Excimer Laser in eight cases and the Technolas 217z Excimer Laser in Tissue Saving mode in five cases. Perioperative variables of interest included uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities, manifest refraction and corneal topography.ResultsThe mean spherical equivalent preoperatively was 4.85±2.82 (range, 9.5 to 0 D). At the last visit the mean postoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was 0.44±0.67 D (P<0.05). The mean postoperative UDVA was 0.12±0.12 logMAR. There was a statistically significant increase in CDVA 6 months after Femto-LASIK (P<0.05). Intraoperative and postoperative complications did not develop in this series of eyes.ConclusionsCorrecting the preoperative manifest refractive error with Femto-LASIK led to a significant improvement in the UDVA and CDVA without surgical complications.
© 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved
Stage 4 diffuse lamellar keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis Clinical, topographical, and pachymetry resolution 5 years later.
No full textIn March 1999, a 35-year-old woman had uneventful laser in situ keratomileusis in both eyes on the same day. Five days postoperatively, slitlamp biomicroscopy of the left eye showed an appearance similar to haze after photorefractive keratectomy, with greater density at the center and striae convergent toward the infiltrate (stage 4 diffuse lamellar keratitis [DLK]). The patient received treatment with dexamethasone 0.2% eyedrops every 2 hours. After 2 weeks, visual acuity was better and improvement was evident on topography, pachymetry, and slitlamp photography. The improvements were more marked at 6 months and 1 year. There was a progressive increment in corneal thickness and consequent improvement in corneal transparency, curvature, and regularity. This case, in which continuous morphologic adaptation of the cornea occurred, indicates that observation, rather than intervention, is a valid therapeutic option for stage 4 DLK
Escherichia coli endophthalmitis after trans-scleral resection of uveal melanoma
No full textPURPOSE: To report a case of Escherichia coli endophthalmitis after trans-scleral resection of an uveal melanoma.
METHODS: A large ciliary body melanoma was treated by trans-scleral resection and full-thickness sclerectomy because of epibulbar tumor extrusion, followed by adjuvant ruthenium plaque therapy.
RESULTS: Two months after treatment the patient developed wound dehiscence and consecutive endophthalmitis. Cultures of the involved sclera yielded Escherichia coil. The infection resolved after systemic intravenous ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone, with aggressive topical ciprofloxacin and tobramycin. Final visual acuity was light perception.
CONCLUSIONS: We assume that the ruthenium plaque placed over the scleral patch was responsible for the delay in scleral healing, with consequent wound dehiscence and E. coli endophthalmitis
Tectonic Keratoplasty to Restore the Bulbar Wall after Block Excision of Benign and Malignant Intraocular Tumors
No full textPurpose. To report the surgical treatment and follow-up of tumors of the anterior uvea and epithelial cysts of the anterior chamber in 4 patients submitted to block excision and tectonic corneal graft between 2008 and 2012. Methods. This is a retrospective, nonrandomized case series. Two patients were affected by anterior uveal malignant melanoma, and 2 patients were referred to us for large epithelial iris cysts with anterior chamber angle involvement and partial corneal failure. A simultaneous block removal of the lesion and adjacent iris, cornea (when necessary), ciliary body, and sclera was performed; the resulting defect was covered by a tectonic whole thickness corneal graft. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 7 years (mean time: 5 ± 1.6 MD). Results. Local control of malignant melanoma was observed during the follow-up, but cataract surgery was planned in both patients and pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage occurred in one case. No recurrence of cysts was detected. After iris cysts excision, a planned second-time surgery was necessary in one patient: optical penetrating keratoplasty, centered on the visual axis, implantation of one refractive IOL (intraocular lens) in the bag, and one cosmetic IOL in the sulcus, to restore the iris diaphragm. Conclusions. Block excision followed by the tectonic corneal graft seems to be the treatment of choice for selected cases of epithelial cysts of the anterior chamber and anterior uvea melanomas with epibulbar extension. Further surgery, as a second step, could be required to improve functional results of this challenging technique
PermaVision intracorneal lens for the correction of hyperopia.
No full textPURPOSE: To evaluate the safety, predictability, and efficacy of sutureless synthetic keratophakia (SSK) with PermaVision intracorneal lens (Anamed) implantation.
SETTING: Ophthalmic Hospital, Rome, Italy.
METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed the refractive outcomes in 10 eyes of 6 patients who had SSK with PermaVision lens implantation for spherical hyperopia (cylinder less than 1.0 diopter [D]). Preoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent (SE) refraction was +4.33 D +/- 1.52 (SD) (range +3.00 to +6.37 D). All procedures were performed using the Hansatome microkeratome (Bausch & Lomb) with a superior hinge except in 1 eye in which the flap was cut using the Amadeus microkeratome (Allergan) with a nasal hinge.
RESULTS: Six months after PermaVision lens insertion, the mean SE refraction was +0.03 +/- 0.36 D (range -0.50 to +0.38 D), the mean uncorrected visual acuity was 0.85 +/- 0.13 (range 0.63 to 1.00), and the mean best corrected visual acuity was 0.99 +/- 0.19 (range 0.63 to 1.25). No eye lost lines of visual acuity. In 1 eye, the lens was acutely decentered and had to be explanted.
CONCLUSIONS: Sutureless synthetic keratophakia with the PermaVision intracorneal lens is a new technique for the correction of hyperopia. It is easy to perform as well as reversible, and the learning curve of the experienced laser in situ keratomileusis surgeon is short. The technique was safe and effective for spherical hyperopia, but longer follow-up and additional cases are needed to draw conclusions about the efficacy of the technique
White poplar (P. alba L.) suspension cultures as a model system to study apoptosis induced by alfalfa saponins
No full textAbstract: In animal cells, the anticancer function played by plant saponins involves a complex network of molecular processes that still
deserves investigation and apoptosis seems to be the outstanding pathway. An intriguing aspect of the biological activity of saponins is
related to their effects on genome integrity. As demonstrated by the studies carried out in white poplar (Populus alba L., cv Villafranca)
cell suspension cultures, plant cells can as well be used as a model system to unravel the molecular mechanisms activated by plant
saponins. These recent studies have evidenced that animal and plant cells share common features in their response to saponins, paving the
way for novel opportunities for both basic and applied research. Indeed, there is a certain interest in replacing the animal models for
pharmacological research, at least when preliminary large-scale cytotoxicity tests are performed on wide collections of natural extracts
and/or purified compounds. The review provides an up-date of the molecular pathways (signal transduction, antioxidant response, DNA
repair) associated with plant saponin bioactivity, with an emphasis on apoptosis induced by alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) saponins. The
comparison between animal and plant cells as tools for the study of saponin bioactivity is also discussed in view of the most recent
literature and innovative future applications
Diagnosis, Clinical Trend, and Treatment of Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis after Femtosecond Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis: A Case Report
No full textWe report a severe case of diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) following femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (femto-LASIK). A 25-year-old man was submitted to 150 kHz iFS® IntraLase-assisted LASIK in both eyes for compound myopic astigmatism. The day after surgery, clinical examination showed a diffuse whitish granular cell reaction particularly in the right eye. High-dose dexamethasone eyedrops with topical antibiotic and artificial tears were prescribed. Five days after surgery, a central corneal opacity with convergent striae was detected at biomicroscopy. The suspicion of DLK was confirmed. Additional therapy based on hyperosmolar ophthalmological solution, oral doxycycline, and topical 10% sodium citrate was prescribed. Treatment was continued and tapered for over 3 months. Improvement in corneal transparency were obtained 2 weeks after the systemic therapy had been started. Uncorrected visual acuity improved from 20/32 to 20/20 at 1-year follow-up. DLK represents an infrequent complication after femto-LASIK. It should resolve without sequelae if promptly diagnosed and treated, without necessity of corneal flap lifting
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