1,720,985 research outputs found
Analisi ed ottimizzazione energetico-ambientale di edifici-pilota mediante la valutazione del ciclo di vita (LCA)
No full textAl fine di verificare e validare una metodologia per l’analisi del ciclo di vita (Life Cycle Assessment – LCA) degli edifici, si sono scelti tre edifici-pilota (una abitazione unifamiliare, una palazzina residenziale ed un edificio per il terziario), progettati secondo standard edilizi correnti, e li si sono studiati, in un’ottica di analisi LCA, sia nella configurazione di progetto, sia in alcune varianti ottimizzate dal punto di vista energetico e della sostenibilità ambientale.
Le fasi dello studio sono state suddivise in: scelta dell’unità funzionale, definizione dei confini del sistema, analisi d’inventario e inserimento dei dati nel codice di calcolo SimaPro, valutazione dell’impatto e analisi dei risultati. Per tutte le ottimizzazioni di carattere energetico-ambientale proposte si sono valutate le ricadute in termini di ciclo di vita; si sono inoltre calcolati alcuni interessanti indici quali le emissioni di gas climalteranti (kg CO2-eq) e gli impatti totali (Pt/anno secondo il metodo Ecoinvent 99) per unità di superficie calpestabile e per unità di volume lordo
Life cycle assessment of buildings and electric lighting energy consumptions
No full textLife Cycle Assessment procedures are being used more and more by designers and consultants in the evaluation of the overall environmental impacts of a building throughout its entire life (“from cradle to grave”). Though many studies have demonstrated that the highest impacts of a building are due to its space heating and air-conditioning consumption, the impacts due to the construction phase and therefore the choice of materials, including glazing systems, are not negligible. The University of Perugia is carrying out a research, funded by the Italian Ministry for Environment, on the role of the building sector on greenhouse gas emissions; within this research, methodologies are being tested to help spread the knowledge of LCA procedures in Italy. The paper illustrates the aims and methodologies of LCA studies, and presents - thanks to two different case studies – the contribution of electrical lighting consumption and the influence of an increase (or decrease) of transparent surfaces to the impacts during the entire life cycle of the buildings.
Keywords: Life Cycle Assessment, daylighting, electrical lighting, residential buildings, office buildings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Analisi ed ottimizzazione energetico-ambientale di un edificio mediante la valutazione del ciclo di vita (LCA)
No full textIl presente lavoro si propone di individuare, attraverso lo studio di un caso-pilota, una metodologia specifica per la valutazione energetico-ambientale di un edificio, che consenta di scomporre il sistema edificio-impianti nelle sue fasi di vita e nelle sue componenti tecnologiche, individuando l’impatto ambientale attribuibile alle singole componenti e fasi, per andare ad intervenire laddove le criticità sono maggiori. Lo strumento più efficace per compiere la valutazione di impatto energetico-ambientale è la procedura standardizzata dalle norme ISO 14040 parti 1, 2 e 3 cioè l’analisi del ciclo di vita “LCA”. Questa procedura consente di studiare un prodotto o un processo seguendone passo per passo tutte le fasi che lo contraddistinguono.
Si è voluto in particolare verificare che la metodologia utilizzata consenta effettivamente di individuare le criticità e pensare alle possibili soluzioni alternative a vantaggio della sostenibilità ambientale [1]. Le fasi dello studio sono state suddivise in scelta dell’unità funzionale, definizione dei confini del sistema, analisi d’inventario e inserimento dei dati nel codice di calcolo SimaPro, valutazione dell’impatto e analisi dei risultati.
Al termine delle simulazioni sull’edificio pilota si sono proposte delle ottimizzazioni di carattere energetico e se ne sono valutate le ricadute in termini di ciclo di vita
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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