109,601 research outputs found
Non-contact estimation of heart rate and oxygen saturation using ambient light
No full text0000-0003-0345-6989WOS: 000347474800009PubMed ID: 25657877We propose a robust method for automated computation of heart rate (HR) from digital color video recordings of the human face. In order to extract photoplethysmographic signals, two orthogonal vectors of RGB color space are used. We used a dual tree complex wavelet transform based denoising algorithm to reduce artifacts (e. g. artificial lighting, movement, etc.). Most of the previous work on skin color based HR estimation performed experiments with healthy volunteers and focused to solve motion artifacts. In addition to healthy volunteers we performed experiments with child patients in pediatric intensive care units. In order to investigate the possible factors that affect the non-contact HR monitoring in a clinical environment, we studied the relation between hemoglobin levels and HR estimation errors. Low hemoglobin causes underestimation of HR. Nevertheless, we conclude that our method can provide acceptable accuracy to estimate mean HR of patients in a clinical environment, where the measurements can be performed remotely. In addition to mean heart rate estimation, we performed experiments to estimate oxygen saturation. We observed strong correlations between our SpO2 estimations and the commercial oximeter readings (C) 2014 Optical Society of AmericaScientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Mugla Sitki Kocman UniversityMugla Sitki Kocman University [13/108]This study was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Mugla Sitki Kocman University, project number 13/108. The author wishes to thank Dr. Alkan Bal for his comments and help in conducting the PICU experiments
BAL Fluid Concentrations of Cytokines in Patients with Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia, Usual Interstitial Pneumonia, Collagen Vascular Disease Associated with Interstitial Pneumonia, and Sarcoidosis
No full textBackground:Inflammatory cytokines have been reported to play important roles in the pathogenesis ofinterstitial lung diseases. However, their individual roles in idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis (IIP) and inthe other types of interstitial pneumonitis (IP), including collagen vascular disease associated interstitialpneumonitis (CVD-IP), remain unknown. In this study, we measured the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)fluid levels of several cytokines in patients with IIP and CVD-IP.Methods:Cell subpopulations in BAL fluid were counted, and BAL fluid levels of interleukin( IL)-2, -6,-7, -8, -17, interferon (IFN)-g , tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a , and transforming growth factor (TGF)-b 1 were measured using a bead suspension array or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA) kitin 16 patients (8 men, 8 women;mean age, 60.0±9.9 years) with idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis(NSIP), 5 patients (3 men, 2 women;mean age, 69.0±4.8 years) with idiopathic usual interstitialpneumonitis (UIP), 5 patients (3 men, 2 woman;mean age, 66.3±5.5 years) with rheumatoid arthritis inCVD-IP (RA), and 5 patients (3 man, 2 women;mean age, 52.3±14.5 years) with dermatomyositis inCVD-IP( DM), and 13 patients( 3 men, 10 women;mean age, 51.8±17.2 years) with sarcoidosis.Results:BAL cell subpopulations had high amounts of lymphocytes in NSIP and sarcoidosis, and neutrophilsin RA. Levels of IL-7 were significantly (P<0.05) higher in DM (9.2±2.2 pg/ml) than in RA (4.5±1.7 pg/ml). IL-7 in DM was significantly( P<0.05) correlated with lymphocytes. The levels of TNF-a werehighest for RA( 18.6±29.5 pg/ml), compared with other IPs( 1.6±0.7 pg/ml in UIP, 1.8±2.7 pg/ml in NSIP,4.4±4.5 pg/ml in DM), and sarcoidosis( 5.8±6.1 pg/ml). In addition, the levels of IL-17 were highly detectablein RA( 2.5±2.5 pg/ml), but not in NSIP, UIP, or sarcoidosis.Conclusions:Differences in the cell types of BAL fluid and the level of each cytokine between patientswith IIP and CVD-IP might reflect pathogenesis and be useful for diagnosis.Originaljournal articl
Effects of OxPAPC on inflammatory cell recruitment in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of rats exposed to high tidal volume (HTV)
No full textHTV (20 mL/kg, 2 hours) induced a marked increase in BAL total cell count and macrophages and neutrophils compared with low tidal volume (LTV) controls. Intravenous OxPAPC (1.5 mg/kg) markedly attenuated this response, reducing inflammatory cells to control levels and significantly reducing neutrophil influx. *< 0.05 versus LTV, **< 0.05 versus HTV (= 5 to 6 per group). BAL protein concentration was assessed as a measure of vascular barrier disruption following 2 hours of mechanical ventilation with LTV or HTV. Intravenous OxPAPC (1.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the pronounced increase in BAL protein induced by HTV mechanical ventilation (*< 0.01 versus LTV, **< 0.05 versus HTV). ND, no difference; OxPAPC, oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocyte.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Oxidized phospholipids reduce ventilator-induced vascular leak and inflammation "</p><p>http://ccforum.com/content/12/1/R27</p><p>Critical Care 2008;12(1):R27-R27.</p><p>Published online 24 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2374596.</p><p></p
Whartonia (Fascutonia) indica Hiregaudar and Bal 1956
No full textWhartonia (Fascutonia) indica Hiregaudar and Bal, 1956b: ORI Whartonia indica Hiregaudar and Bal, 1956b Whartonia (Fascutonia) indica, Fernandes & Kulkarni 2003Published as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/474551
Whartonia (Fascutonia) brennani Hiregaudar and Bal 1956
No full textWhartonia (Fascutonia) brennani Hiregaudar and Bal, 1956b: ORI Whartonia brennani Hiregaudar and Bal, 1956b Whartonia (Fascutonia) brennani, Fernandes & Kulkarni 2003Published as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/474551
気管支喘息における気管支肺胞洗浄液中の細胞成分に対する加齢および副腎皮質ホルモンの影響
No full textEffects of aging and glucocorticoid therapy on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells, particularly lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils, were examined in 81 patients
with asthma.
1. The proportion of BAL lymphocytes tended to increase with aging in asthmatics under age 69 years, and the proportion was significantly higher in patients with asthma between the ages of 60 and 69 than in those under age 39 and between the ages of 40 and 49.
2. The proportions of BAL neutrophils and eosinophils were not related to aging.
3. The proportion of BAL lymphocytes was higher in patients without glucocorticoid therapy than in those with steroid-dependent intractable asthma (SOIA) in those under age 69 years. In patients between the ages of 50 and 59, the proportion of BAL lymphocytes was significantly higher in patients without glucocorticoids than in those with SOIA.
4. The proportion of BAL neutrophils was higher in patients without glucocorticoid therapy than in those with SOIA, and the difference was significant in patients between the ages of 60 and 69.
5. The proportion of BAL eosinophils was not related to glucocorticoid therapy. These results suggest that the proportion of BAL lymphocytes and neutrophils is affected by aging and glucocorticoid therapy, but not BAL eosinophils.気管支喘息81例を対象に,気管支肺胞洗浄(BAL)液中の細胞成分,特にリンパ球,好中球および好酸球に対する加齢および副腎皮質ホルモ
ンの影響について検討を加えた｡
1.BAL液中のリンパ球頻度は,69才以下の症例では加齢とともに増加する傾向を示し,60-69才の年齢層では,39才以下および40-49才の年齢層の症例に比べ有意に高い値を示した｡
2.BAL液中の好中球および好酸球頻度と加齢との間には関連が見られなかった｡
3.BAL液中のリンパ球頻度は,69才以下の症例では,ステロイド依存性重症難治性喘息(SDIA)に比べ,ステロイド非使用例で有意に高い値を示し,50-59才の年齢層ではその差は有意であった｡
4.BAL液中好中球頻度は,ステロイド非使用例に比べSDIA症例において高い値を示し,60-69才の年齢層ではその差は有意であった｡
5.BAL液中好酸球頻度は,ステロイド使用の有無との関連は見られなかった｡これらの結果は,BAL液中リンパ球および好中球頻度は加齢や副腎皮質ホルモン投与の影響を受けるが,BAL液中好酸球額度には影響しないことを示唆している
Effects of infections on lipidomic profile of Bronchial Washing (BW) and Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) after lung transplantation.
No full textLung transplantation outcomes are challenged by bacterial, viral and fungal infections, noxious triggers that could amplify or promote inflammation and chronic lung allograft dysfunction.
We hypothesized the airway lipidome serves as marker of lung infection and related innate immunity. The effects of bacterial, viral and fungal infections on the BW and BAL lipidome from allografts were studied.
BW (596) and BAL (199), prospectively collected from 288 pts during surveillance bronchoscopy, were assayed retrospectively by mass-spec for 25 lipid families. Microbiology info was collected. Mann Whitney test used.
Bacteria were isolated in 168 BW and 49 BAL, virus in 54 BW and 22 BAL, fungi in 102 BW and 33 BAL. Virus and fungi showed greater BW and BAL total lipid concentration (p<0.05). No difference for bacteria.
BW with bacteria had greater (p<0.005): cholesteryl ester (CE), sphingomyelin (SM), N-acylphosphatidylserine; no difference for BAL.
BW with virus had greater (p<0.005): monoacylglicerole, ceramide, SM, DihydroSM (dhSM), monosialodihexosylganglioside (GM3), phosphatidylcholine-ether (PCE), phosphatidylethanolamine-p, lysophosphatidylethanolamine-p, lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), BisMonoacylglyceroPhosphate (BMP); while BAL had greater (p<0.005): dhSM, Lactosylceramide (LacCer).
BW with fungi had greater (p<0.005): CE, SM, dhSM, HexosylCeramide, LacCer, GM3, PCE, LPI; while no difference in BAL.
The bronchial and broncho-alveolar lipidome of lung allografts is affected by the microbiologic status. Bacteria, virus and fungi have signature lipidomic profile that we speculate associates within the specific bronchial and broncho-alveolar innate immunity
Radiation combined injury causes increased BAL IL-6 and G-CSF.
No full text<p>MRSA pneumonia caused an increase in BAL IL-6, G-CSF, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-10 compared to NR/sham mice (p<0.001 for IL-6 and IL-1β, p<0.0001 for G-CSF, TNFα, and IL-10). A further increase in IL-6 and G-CSF (p<0.001) was seen in IR/MRSA mice compared to NR/MRSA animals (n = 12−17/group for al comparisons).</p
Variable X-ray absorption in mini-BAL QSOs
No full textWe present the results of X-ray spectral analysis of two mini-BAL QSOs, PG 1126-041 and PG 1351+640, aimed at getting insights into the physics of quasar outflows. We find strong X-ray spectral variability on timescales of years. These variations can be well reproduced by variations of physical properties as the covering factor and column density of ionized gas along the line of sight, compatible with radiatively-driven accretion disk wind models
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