85 research outputs found
Managing e-waste in China: the formal and informal sectors
No full textE-waste has grown exponentially around the world and is estimated to be growing at 3–5 % per annum. China faces a rapidly increasing amount of e-waste, both, from domestic generation and illegal imports. This paper examines the management of e-waste by formal and informal sectors in china, by means of descriptive and analytic approaches. The main results involve that China is the world's largest producer and importer of electrical and electronic devices, likewise China is the largest e-waste market. Furthermore, over 60% of E-waste produced in China is recycled informally. However, about 40% of e-waste was focused on the formal system. Finally, the major challenge for china in e-waste management is how to provide incentives for formal recyclers to reduce informal recycling activities
Managing e-waste in China: the formal and informal sectors
No full textInternational audienceE-waste has grown exponentially around the world and is estimated to be growing at 3-5 % per annum. China faces a rapidly increasing amount of e-waste, both, from domestic generation and illegal imports. This paper examines the management of e-waste by formal and informal sectors in china, by means of descriptive and analytic approaches. The main results involve that China is the world's largest producer and importer of electrical and electronic devices, likewise China is the largest e-waste market. Furthermore, over 60% of E-waste produced in China is recycled informally. However, about 40% of e-waste was focused on the formal system. Finally, the major challenge for china in e-waste management is how to provide incentives for formal recyclers to reduce informal recycling activities
leur contribution a la transformation numerique
No full textيعتبر الاقتصاد الرقمي كوسيلة لتكوين الثروة بواسطة استخدام الوسائل التكنولوجية حيث تشجع الرقمنة الابتكار. إضافة إلى أن الاقتصاد الرقمي يغير
تمع. من الشروط الأولية والأساسية لظهور الاقتصاد الرقمي هي تطوير قطاع الإتصالات. تستعمل طريقة الحياة، ويساهم في تطوير طرق الاستهلاك في ا
الرقمنة بشكل كبير في الحياة اليومية وأحدث ثو رة كبيرة، التي أدت بشكل أساسي إلى تغيير طرق الاتصالات، الإنتاج وحتى طرق الاستهلاك.
على المسوى العالمي يظهر التحول الكبير في الاقتصاد الرقمي من خلال الأرقام التي تتجلى من خلال الانتشار الكبير لمختلف الوسائل الرقمية
المستخدمة في ذلك، والتي تنظوي تحت مفهوم الاقتصاد الرقمي، حيث نجد حوالي 6.5 مليار هاتف محمول، 3مليار مستخدم للأنترنت، 15 مليار جهاز
متصل، وتبادل 90 مليار بريد إلكتروني، ومليار بحث في محرك البحث جوجل يوميا.L’économie numérique peut considérer comme la création de la richesse par le canal de la
technologie, le numérique par son transversalité favorise la production de l’innovation.
L’économie numérique transforme notre mode de vie et participe à l’évolution des usages de
consommation dans la société. La condition préalable à l’émergence de l’économie numérique
c‘est le développement du secteur de télécommunication.
Le numérique investit toujours notre quotidien, et ça révolution, ça fait évoluer assez
fondamentalement nos mode de communication, de production et même de consommation. Au
niveau mondiale les chiffres témoignent cette déferlante numérique, 6.5 Milliards de téléphone
portable, 3 Milliards d’internautes, 15 Milliards d’objets connecter, 90 Milliards d’emails
échanger et 1 Milliard de recherche Google effectue chaque jour
L’écriture de Malika Mokeddem : une écriture de la métamorphose
No full textThe reader attentive to the novels of Malika Mokeddem cannot fail to spot the impressive link between humans and nature. The author’s fiction creates its own laws and invents a universe where language is no longer used as a means of description but as a tool to symbolically say a fusion between its different elements. The space of the dune amply brushed in the novels has captured our attention since it metamorphoses and changes status: sometimes affective/ maternal, sometimes seductive. As for the symbolically painted sea, has an emotional dimension since it has often been synonymous with substitute for the absent mother.
We will try, in this article, to highlight a writing in metamorphosis and to understand its different manifestations through the analysis of the explicit and implicit words of the author in her stories. The use of Bachelard’s work will therefore be of great support to explore the proposed avenues.The reader attentive to the novels of Malika Mokeddem cannot fail to spot the impressive link between humans and nature. The author’s fiction creates its own laws and invents a universe where language is no longer used as a means of description but as a tool to symbolically say a fusion between its different elements. The space of the dune amply brushed in the novels has captured our attention since it metamorphoses and changes status: sometimes affective/ maternal, sometimes seductive. As for the symbolically painted sea, has an emotional dimension since it has often been synonymous with substitute for the absent mother.
We will try, in this article, to highlight a writing in metamorphosis and to understand its different manifestations through the analysis of the explicit and implicit words of the author in her stories. The use of Bachelard’s work will therefore be of great support to explore the proposed avenues.The reader attentive to the novels of Malika Mokeddem cannot fail to spot the impressive link between humans and nature. The author’s fiction creates its own laws and invents a universe where language is no longer used as a means of description but as a tool to symbolically say a fusion between its different elements. The space of the dune amply brushed in the novels has captured our attention since it metamorphoses and changes status: sometimes affective/ maternal, sometimes seductive. As for the symbolically painted sea, has an emotional dimension since it has often been synonymous with substitute for the absent mother.
We will try, in this article, to highlight a writing in metamorphosis and to understand its different manifestations through the analysis of the explicit and implicit words of the author in her stories. The use of Bachelard’s work will therefore be of great support to explore the proposed avenues
Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Algeria : An Application of Auto-Regressive Distributed LAG (ARDL) Bounds Testing Approach = الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر والنمو الاقتصادي في الجزائر : تطبيق نموذج الانحدار الذاتي للفجوات الزمنية الموزعة المتباطئة (ARDL)
No full text
THE AUTHORITY OF THE TEXT IN POSTMODERN THOUGHT
No full textAbstract : It is no longer possible to assert the existence of absolute certainty in the interpretation of things (interpretation of texts, interpretation of existence in general), especially with postmodern thinking (with hermeneutics, deconstruction and other approaches), as it has become useless to provide final or neutral interpretations, because turning to the past (the past of the text, or the past of the author) is only to the extent that it makes us understand the present based on the previous conception, and we must then go beyond this framework to a broader horizon than it, since time does not repeat itself twice: we mean by that the time of writing, and because the horizon of the interpreter is constantly changing, and that experiences are ultimately living and continuous experiences - including the experiences of readers and interpreters - and that the coming of "writing" is the coming of "play", and therefore, the text has been brought down from its height - from its sacred rank - to become an endless game of meanings.
Keywords: text, meaning, original author, reader, interpreter
Ethos and Humanism of the Threshold at Malika Mokaddem From Revolt to Restorative Oblivion
No full textWhen literature manages to transcribe the feelings of each and every one of us, it fulfills its highest mission: to make individual experience a shared human experience. It is precisely this humanistic vocation that the work of Malika Mokaddem achieves, where personal narrative becomes an act of recognition and transmission. This article explores the development of ethos and humanism in the work of Malika Mokaddem, based on a detailed analysis of her novel Je dois tout à ton oubli(2008). In line with the trend of extreme contemporary, this formula, forged by Michel Chaillou and theorized by Dominique Viart, refers to writings that since the 1980s have focused on thinking about the fractures of today’s world: erasure of landmarks, shattering of identities, hybridization of forms. The writing of Mokaddem evolves from revolt towards reconciliation, from cry to appeased voice. This study, based on the examination of the poetics of forgetting conceived not as an erasure, but rather as a restorative action, highlights the change in the link with memory, language and the other. The author therefore reformulates the role of the writer-witness as a vector of humanity, building an authentic threshold humanism based on mobility, oral expression and mutual recognition. The article demonstrates that, in Mokaddem’s work, writing transforms into a gesture of discreet resistance and personal redefinition. Hence the term ethos in our title, where forgetting paves the way for a philosophy and an ethics of reconciliation and resilience.
 
Patriarchy and Women’s Resistance in Lauraine’s Hanberry A Raisin in the Sun (1959) and Malika Mokeddem ‘s The Forbidden Woman (1993).
No full text56p. ; 30cm(+CD-Rom)We examined the issue of patriarchy and women's resistance in Lorraine Hansberry's A
Raisin in the Sun (1959) and Malika Mokeddem's The Forbidden Woman (1993). In the two
chapters devoted to each issue, we borrowed theoretical concepts, namelySimon
DeBeauvoir’s Otherness in her Second Sex (1949) ,and Chela Sandoval's Differential
Consciousness in her Methodology of the Oppressed (2000), to highlight how women from
different backgrounds endured patriarchy and how some fought for gender equality and
against traditional gender roles. In the first chapter of our work, we focused on the ways in
which women were marginalized and inferiorized, while in the second chapter, we revealed
how some women fought back against the different systems of oppression in various ways
within their communities, and that in both of the works. The study of the two works allowed us
to see that the Afro-American author Lorraine Hansberry and the Algerian francophone
author Malika Mokeddem, despite the different racial and societal backgrounds, similarly
portrayed the experiences of women in patriarchal societies and also their journey of
resistance
Groupements à chêne vert et étages de végétation en Algérie
No full textThe current evolution of the vegetation level notion allows to suggest an acceptable typology of altitudinal zoning of mediterranean mountains vegetation.
Being admitted that each chorologic region have a particular distribution, the author determine thermic limits of vegetation levels in algerian holm oak. These limits vary in function of the three great geographical sectors of Algeria : Westerner, Central and Oriental. In this geographical context, a bioclimatic and dynamic classification of the holm aok grouping is tried in thermo, meso and supramediterranean levels.L’évolution actuelle de la notion d’étage de végétation permet de proposer une typologie acceptable de la zonation altitudinale de la végétation des montagnes méditerranéennes.
Etant admis que chaque région chorologique possède une zonation particulière, l’auteur établit des seuils thermiques pour définir des étages de végétation dans l'aire du chêne vert en Algérie. Ces seuils varient en fonction des trois grands secteurs géographiques de l’Algérie : occidental, central et oriental. Dans ce contexte géographique, un classement bioclimatique et dynamique des syntaxons organisés par le chêne vert, au niveau des étages thermo, méso et supraméditerranéens, est tenté.Dahmani-Megrerouche Malika. Groupements à chêne vert et étages de végétation en Algérie. In: Ecologia mediterranea, tome 22 n°3-4, 1996. pp. 39-52
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