1,721,002 research outputs found
Una decade di giurisprudenza costituzionale. Le principali tendenze dopo la sentenza n. 22 del 2012
No full textNello scritto si delineano i punti fissati dalla storica decisione n. 22 del 2012, fondamentale tratto dell’argine costruito dagli organi di garanzia all'esercizio dei poteri coinvolti nella decretazione d’urgenza, alcuni dei quali confermati in veri e propri filoni, altri invece rimasti incipit di un percorso ancora da svolgere. Si mettono in luce alcune criticità di tale giurisprudenza ma anche quegli spunti provenienti dalla prassi giurisprudenziale che possono far sperare in ulteriori avanzamenti nel controllo di legittimità sulla decretazione d’urgenza
Image-Guided Neurosurgery
No full textImaging is critical in guiding neurosurgery since the target is often hidden, difficult to reach, and surrounded by anatomically and functionally critical tissue. Image-guided neurosurgery integrates various imaging techniques during preplanning, execution, and postoperative assessment of neurosurgical procedures, each offering substantial advantages while facing specific limitations. Neuronavigation facilitates intra-operative orientation but is limited by the “brain-shift” phenomenon. Intraoperative MRI provides the most accurate imaging for verifying and enhancing the extent of resection (EOR), though it is extremely costly and time-consuming. Intraoperative CT is faster, less expensive, and beneficial for spine surgery and interventional procedures, although it is less detailed for soft tissues. Intraoperative ultrasound is cost-effective and rapid but requires significant expertise to interpret images. Intraoperative fluorescence enables direct visualization of tumors, though it may produce false positives and negatives. 3D virtual reality aids in detailed preplanning, potentially reducing operative time and disorientation while enhancing effectiveness and safety at a lower cost. Combining multiple imaging modalities and integrating advanced physiological and functional imaging into surgical planning and execution compensates for individual limitations, providing optimal safety and EOR outcomes
Hemispheric Intra-Axial Tumors
No full textGliomas are the most common primary tumors in the brain hemispheres, with glioblastomas being the most frequent and aggressive. The treatment strategy for gliomas typically involves maximum safe resection to provide histopathological diagnosis and cytoreduction, followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, especially for high-grade tumors. Advanced intraoperative imaging and direct electrical stimulation are essential for achieving maximal tumor removal while preserving neurological function. Other intra-axial tumors, such as brain metastases and primary CNS lymphomas, also require specific management approaches. Brain metastases, common in adults with systemic malignancies, can require surgical resection followed by adjuvant RT in case of large lesions with symptomatic mass effects. Primary stereotactic radiosurgery and whole-brain RT are reasonable options for all the other patients, according to their performance status and expected survival, as well as the number of lesions and their cumulative intracranial volume. The general approach to central nervous system lymphomas is represented by stereotactic biopsy followed by systemic chemotherapy. Surgery represents the cornerstone of the treatment of brain cavernomas. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes and ensuring effective treatment
DAL GOVERNO MONTI AL GOVERNO DRAGHI: L’EVOLUZIONE DEI POTERI NORMATIVI DELL’ESECUTIVO ALLA LUCE DELLA TENSIONE TRA TECNICA E POLITICA
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
