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    Lightly reinforced concrete walls in formwork blocks for the combined seismic and energy retrofit of masonry structures

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    In recent years the interest is arising towards systems for the combined structural and energy retrofit of existing structures. In the present paper a retrofit system consisting in a lightly reinforced concrete wall realized within formwork blocks in expanded clay is proposed; the shape of the blocks allows the introduction of an insulation layer with high isolation capacity. The system is conceived to work in parallel with the existing masonry structure: the realized reinforced concrete wall acts as a shear panel devoted to carry on the horizontal seismic actions, being the existing masonry walls in still in force to sustain vertical loads. Opportune connections are realized in correspondence of the horizontal floors’ levels to transfer only the horizontal actions. Conceptual design, together with application to a real case study existing masonry building that allows to size and detail the panel, is presented. The results of experimental tests with horizontal forces on the proposed system are shown, as well as the calibration of a simple model able to estimate its dissipative performance as function of structural details and material properties

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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