1,720,962 research outputs found
Incidenza dell'Enterocolite Necrotizzante del neonato in una Unità di Terpia Intensiva Neonatale.
No full text
Surveillance of surgical site infections in post-discharge: a perspective by category
No full textOBJECTIVE:
To estimate the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) occurring after hospital discharge, to evaluate whether limiting surveillance to inpatients underestimates the true rate of SSI, and to select surgical procedures that should be included in a postdischarge surveillance program.
DESIGN:
Prospective surveillance study.
SETTING:
A surgical ward at a university teaching hospital in Italy.
PATIENTS:
A total of 264 surgical patients were included in the study.
RESULTS:
The global SSI rate was 10.6% (28 patients); 17 (60.2%) of patients with an SSI developed the infection after hospital discharge. The overall mean length of postoperative stay (+/-SD) for patients who acquired a postdischarge SSI was 4.9+/-3.7 days, and SSI was diagnosed a mean duration (+/-SD) of 11.5+/-4.5 days after surgery. Among procedures with postdischarge SSIs, those classified by the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system (NNIS) as herniorrhaphy, mastectomy, other endocrine system, and other integumentary system were associated with a mean postoperative stay that was less than the mean time between the operation and the onset of SSI. Four (36%) of in-hospital SSIs occurred after procedures with an NNIS risk index of 0, and 7 (64%) occurred after procedures with an NNIS risk index of 1 or higher. Of the 17 SSIs diagnosed after discharge, 14 procedures (82%) had an NNIS risk index of 0, compared with 3 procedures (18%) with an NNIS risk index of 1 or higher.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results revealed an increased risk of postdischarge SSI after some types of surgical procedures and suggest that there is an important need to change from generalized to NNIS operative category-directed postdischarge surveillance, at least for procedures locally considered to be high-risk
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Tracce di cultura devozionale spagnola nella Palermo del '600: Studio e Restauro
No full textOggetto di studio e restauro è una scultura lignea interamente dorata e dipinta, con funzione processionale, che raffigura la Madonna di Monserrato, il cui culto è collegato al noto Santuario annesso al Monastero dei Benedettini di Montserrat, vicino Barcellona. Di particolare interesse si è rivelato lo studio della tecnica esecutiva di quest’opera, anche perché la scultura lignea siciliana, in particolare quella eseguita dal Rinascimento al Barocco, è a tutt’oggi poco studiata, o comunque affrontata in maniera dispersiva e non sistematica .
La Madonna, frontale e assisa, ostende il Bambino Gesù adagiato tra le ginocchia e perfettamente contenuto entro la sua sagoma, riprendendo una specifica tipologia iconografica bizantina. L’opera non rivela aspetti puramente localistici e provinciali, ma pare essere frutto di una molteplicità di influenze, come è norma in ambito mediterraneo.
La statua è giunta a noi in un discreto stato di conservazione e il restauro si è svolto avendo riguardo di alcuni fondamentali criteri operativi del restauro scientifico e del minimo intervento. Le fasi del restauro sono state supportate da numerose indagini chimico-fisiche e biologiche dell’apparato scultoreo, eseguite su frammenti di materiale originale prelevati dalle lacune del manufatto.
I campioni sono stati sottoposti alle seguenti indagini:
• osservazioni al microscopio ottico (MO) in luce riflessa su sezioni lucide per identificare la stratigrafia e i materiali pittorici;
• osservazioni morfologiche su sezioni lucide mediante SEM e analisi in microsonda (EDS) per conoscere la composizione dei singoli strati pittorici;
• analisi in diffrattometria di raggi X (XRD) su polveri, per individuare la composizione mineralogica principale degli intonaci e degli strati pittorici;
• spettroscopia infrarossa in trasformata di Fourier (FT-IR) per la caratterizzazione degli intonaci e degli strati pittorici;
• spettrometria di massa di ioni secondari con analizzatore a tempo di volo (ToF-SIMS) per l’analisi elementare del materiale pittorico;
• indagini microscopiche (SEM), microbiologiche (colture in vitro) e molecolari (reazione a catena della polimerasi, PCR) per la valutazione del degrado biologico.
I risultati derivanti dall’applicazione coordinata dei metodi d’indagine scientifica hanno permesso di trarre utili informazioni sulle tecniche di esecuzione del supporto e della pellicola pittorica, nonché di chiarire gli aspetti relativi allo stato di conservazione.
Il fine dell’intervento di conservazione e restauro è stato quello di restituire una lettura corretta e coerente dell’opera, attraverso il recupero cromatico e strutturale che il manufatto possedeva originariamente.
Oggi la Madonna di Monserrato, esposta presso il Museo Diocesano di Palermo, riscopre la sua originaria bellezza grazie alla rimozione degli strati di sostanze filmogene e delle ridipinture successive, nel rispetto però delle antiche patine
Surveillance for surgical site infection after hospital discharge: a surgical procedure-specific perspective
No full textOBJECTIVE: To estimate the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) occurring after hospital discharge, to evaluate whether limiting surveillance to inpatients underestimates the true rate of SSI, and to select surgical procedures that should be included in a postdischarge surveillance program.
DESIGN: Prospective surveillance study.
SETTING: A surgical ward at a university teaching hospital in Italy.
PATIENTS: A total of 264 surgical patients were included in the study.
RESULTS: The global SSI rate was 10.6% (28 patients); 17 (60.2%) of patients with an SSI developed the infection after hospital discharge. The overall mean length of postoperative stay (+/-SD) for patients who acquired a postdischarge SSI was 4.9+/-3.7 days, and SSI was diagnosed a mean duration (+/-SD) of 11.5+/-4.5 days after surgery. Among procedures with postdischarge SSIs, those classified by the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system (NNIS) as herniorrhaphy, mastectomy, other endocrine system, and other integumentary system were associated with a mean postoperative stay that was less than the mean time between the operation and the onset of SSI. Four (36%) of in-hospital SSIs occurred after procedures with an NNIS risk index of 0, and 7 (64%) occurred after procedures with an NNIS risk index of 1 or higher. Of the 17 SSIs diagnosed after discharge, 14 procedures (82%) had an NNIS risk index of 0, compared with 3 procedures (18%) with an NNIS risk index of 1 or higher.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed an increased risk of postdischarge SSI after some types of surgical procedures and suggest that there is an important need to change from generalized to NNIS operative category-directed postdischarge surveillance, at least for procedures locally considered to be high-risk
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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