1,721,007 research outputs found
L'azione di classe ex art. 140-bis cod. cons. Lineamenti processuali
No full textSOMMARIO: I. AZIONI DI CLASSE E AZIONI COLLETTIVE NEL PANORAMA COMPARATISTICO - I.1 La recezione delle azioni di classe nell’ordinamento italiano: cenni introduttivi. - I.2 Il modello originario delle class actions: la normativa federale degli U.S.A. -
I.3 Le soluzioni apprestate da alcuni ordinamenti dell’America latina e dell’Europa: i c.d. modelli “tenui” di tutela contro gli illeciti di massa. Il ritardo del legislatore comunitario nell’auspicato processo di uniformazione della disciplina del collective redress. -
II. IL FATICOSO PERCORSO DI AVVICINAMENTO DEL LEGISLATORE ITALIANO ALL’AZIONE DI CLASSE - II.1 I primi passi del Parlamento per la regolamentazione dell’azione collettiva risarcitoria: le proposte nn. 3838 e 3839; il progetto unificato n. 3058 del Senato. - II.2 L’introduzione dell’art. 140-bis nel codice del consumo ad opera della legge finanziaria per il 2008: i dubbi sulla struttura e sulla disciplina dell’azione collettiva risarcitoria. -
II.3 La nuova versione della norma dopo la l. n. 99/2009: il sicuro approdo all’azione di classe: le modifiche apportate dal c.d. d.l. liberalizzazioni. - III. L’AMBITO OPERATIVO DELLA NUOVA AZIONE DI CLASSE RISARCITORIA E RESTITUTORIA - III.1 La querelle sull’assunta “retroattività” del nuovo rimedio nella l. n. 244/2007 e la parziale “irretroattività” disposta dalla disciplina transitoria della l. n. 99/2009. - III.2 Le situazioni soggettive individuali tutelabili per il tramite dell’azione ex art. 140 bis cod. cons. - III.3 Il coordinamento dell’art. 140-bis cod. cons. con le normative speciali in materia di: servizi bancari, assicurativi e di intermediazione finanziaria; telecomunicazioni; servizi pubblici. - IV. LA LEGITTIMAZIONE A PROMUOVERE L’AZIONE DI CLASSE E LE ADESIONI DEI SINGOLI CONSUMATORI/UTENTI - IV.1 L’esperibilità dell’azione da parte di ciascun componente la classe; il ruolo normativamente sfuggente delle associazioni e dei comitati. - IV.2 I corollari del sistema di opt-in. - IV.3 (Segue) A) L’adesione come atto di perseguimento della tutela giurisdizionale del diritto del singolo consumatore/utente strutturalmente diverso dalla domanda giudiziale: gli aderenti, pur assoggettati al giudicato collettivo, non sono parti del processo di classe, ove si fanno volontariamente “sostituire” dal proponente l’azione, ma non c’è litisconsorzio necessario né possibile né aggregato. - IV.4 (Segue) B) Linee ricostruttive del contratto sotteso all’adesione del consumatore/utente alla luce degli effetti sostanziali e processuali ad esso ricollegati. - V. I PRESUPPOSTI PROCESSUALI E LE CONDIZIONI DI AMMISSIBILITÀ SPECIALI DELL’AZIONE DI CLASSE - V.1 Le questioni di competenza e giurisdizione sulla domanda collettiva. - V.2 La verifica preliminare sull’ammissibilità della domanda di classe: a) i presupposti e la funzione del “filtro”: quanto avvicinamento alla certification? - V.3 (Segue) b) Gli effetti dell’ordinanza di rigetto e i contenuti dell’ordinanza di ammissibilità della domanda. - VI. IL “CONCORSO” TRA PIÙ AZIONI DI CLASSE E TRA L’AZIONE RISARCITORIA DI CLASSE E ALTRI RIMEDI GIUSTIZIALI INDIVIDUALI E COLLETTIVI - VI.1 Il “concorso” di più azioni di classe fondate sulla medesima causa petendi. - VI.2 Il coordinamento tra le cause individuali promosse dai singoli consumatori/utenti e il processo di classe. - VI.3 Il concorso tra l’azione di classe e altri rimedi giustiziali collettivi. - VII. LA TRATTAZIONE E L’ISTRUZIONE DELLA CAUSA DI CLASSE. IPOTESI DI TUTELA CAUTELARE. - VII.1 La struttura intrinsecamente complessa della lite di classe rende inopportuno il cumulo con altre cause: la tendenziale inammissibilità delle domande riconvenzionali e delle chiamate in causa di terzi nel processo ex art. 140-bis cod. cons. - VII.2 Il prosieguo del procedimento dopo l’ordinanza di ammissibilità della domanda: la trattazione e l’istruzione della causa di classe. - VII.3 La tutela cautelare utilmente esperibile in relazione all’azione di classe. - VIII. LA DECISIONE DI PRIME CURE E LA COMPOSIZIONE CONCILIATIVA DELLA LITE DI CLASSE - VIII.1 I possibili contenuti e l’efficacia di accertamento della sentenza emessa al termine del processo di primo grado ex art. 140-bis cod. cons. - VIII.2 L’efficacia esecutiva e l’esecuzione della condanna (piena) della parte convenuta. - VIII.3 L’occasione perduta in ordine alla regolamentazione delle spese. - VIII.4 La transazione della lite di classe. - VIII.5 L’impugnazione della sentenza di classe. - IX. L’AZIONE COLLETTIVA PER STIMOLARE L’EFFICIENZA DELLE AMMINISTRAZIONI E DEI CONCESSIONARI DI SERVIZI PUBBLICI -
IX.1 Il ricorso al giudice amministrativo per la tutela dell’interesse collettivo all’efficienza della P.A. e dei concessionari nell’erogazione dei servizi pubblici. - IX.2 I presupposti del ricorso al g.a. per l’emanazione degli atti amministrativi generali obbligatori o per il rispetto degli standards qualitativi/economici nell’erogazione del servizio pubblico. - IX.3 Le regole procedimentali; la decisione del giudice amministrativo e la sua “esecuzione”
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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