1,285 research outputs found
Preparation and coculture of neurons and glial cells
No full textThe close relationship between neurons, glia, astroglia, and astrocytes plays a relevant role in modulating a neurotoxic effect and propagating the consequent degenerative event in the brain. After exposure to a neurotoxicant, glial cells are often activated to release substances responsible for the propagation of the damage. the production of such mediators is the result of both neural death and communication between microglia and astrocytes. Because they are simple and highly controlled, cocultures of different cells of the nervous system are a valuable tool in the investigations of these complex relationships. This unit describes protocols to set up neuron-glia and microglia-astrocyte sandwich cocultures, in which the selected cell populations grow on two different surfaces. This system has the advantage that the two cell populations can be separated at any point in the exposure without disrupting the cells integrity and organizatio
Global W2,p estimates for nondivergence elliptic operators with potentials satisfying a reverse Hölder condition
No full textIn this article, we give some a priori L p(ℝ n) estimates for elliptic operators in nondivergence form with VMO coefficients and a potential V satisfying an appropriate reverse Hölder condition, generalizing previous results due to Chiarenza-Frasca-Longo to the scope of Schrödinger-type operators. In particular, our class of potentials includes unbounded functions such as nonnegative polynomials. We apply such a priori estimates to derive some global existence and uniqueness results under some additional assumptions on V.Fil: Bramanti, M.. Politecnico di Milano; ItaliaFil: Brandolini, L.. Università degli Studi di Bergamo; ItaliaFil: Harboure, Eleonor Ofelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Viviani, Beatriz Eleonora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada del Litoral; Argentin
Coculturing neurons and glial cells
No full textThe close relationship between neurons, glia, astroglia, and astrocytes plays a relevant role in modulating a neurotoxic effect and propagating the consequent degenerative event in the brain. After exposure to a neurotoxicant, glial cells are often activated to release substances responsible for the propagation of the damage. the production of such mediators is the result of both neural death and communication between microglia and astrocytes. Because they are simple and highly controlled, cocultures of different cells of the nervous system are a valuable tool in the investigations of these complex relationships. This unit describes protocols to set up neuron-glia and microglia-astrocyte sandwich cocultures, in which the selected cell populations grow on two different surfaces. This system has the advantage that the two cell populations can be separated at any point in the exposure without disrupting the cells integrity and organization
Il poeta Marinetti e il futurismo
No full textIl poeta Marinetti e il futurismo / Alberto Viviani. - Torino [etc.] : G. B. Paravia e C., stampa 1940
Dedica manoscritta dell\u27autore: all\u27Eccellenza / Emilio Bodrero / devoto omaggio di / Alberto Viviani / 1 maggio 1941-XIX.
https://galileodiscovery.unipd.it/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=39UPD_INST:VU1&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99000156439020604
Nonlinear dynamics of a two-layer system under the action of spatial temperature modulation of an interfacial heat release
No full textAn influence of a spatial temperature modulation of the heat release/consumption at the interface on nonlinear convective flows in the 47v2 silicone oil-water system, has been investigated. Periodic boundary conditions on the lateral walls, corresponding to an infinite two-layer system, have been considered. Transitions between the flows with different spatial structures, have been studied. It is shown that the spatial modulation can change the sequence of bifurcations and lead to the appearance of new oscillatory regimes. Specifically, pulsating traveling waves changing the direction of propagation, as well as regimes corresponding to period doubling, period-four and period-eight bifurcations, have been obtained. (C) 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved
Cytokines and neuronal channels : a molecular basis for age-related decline of neuronal function?
No full textThe achievement that cytokines and all the related "transducing machinery" are expressed within the central nervous system and play a consistent role in the modulation of neurological functions and dysfunctions, has allowed a novel interpretation of brain behaviour. In this view, neuroinflammation and cytokines production has been acknowledged as potential triggers of the functional changes occurring in the brain during "normal" and "pathological" aging. In particular the aged brain seems to be characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A growing number of reports show that cytokines may specifically interact with neuronal channels regulating neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity and responses to injury. By reviewing literature and data obtained in our laboratory, we discuss the hypothesis that cytokines modulation of neuronal channels might occur during the aging process and play a role in aged related decline of neuronal function
Neuromodulatory properties of inflammatory cytokines and their impact on neuronal excitability
No full textAbstract Increasing evidence underlines that prototypical inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6) either synthesized in the central (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS) by resident cells, or imported by immune blood cells, are involved in several pathophysiological functions, including an unexpected impact on synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability. This review describes these unconventional neuromodulatory properties of cytokines, that are distinct from their classical action as effector molecules of the immune system. In addition to the role of cytokines in brain physiology, we report evidence that dysregulation of their biosynthesis and cellular release, or alterations in receptor-mediated intracellular pathways in target cells, leads to neuronal cell dysfunction and modifications in neuronal network excitability. As a consequence, targeting of these cytokines, and related signalling molecules, is considered a novel option for the development of therapies in various CNS or PNS disorders associated with an inflammatory component. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Neuroimmunology and Synaptic Function'
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