1,720,966 research outputs found
Solution of some 2D transport problems by a high order AN–SP2N?1 method
No full textA collection of classical 2D transport problems (the escape probability from prisms of various shapes, the current-to-flux ratio of a wedge-shaped reflector, the transport and asymptotic flux as well as the extrapolation length near a corner) are solved by means of the boundary element version of a high order AN method, an equivalent form of the odd order simplified spherical harmonics (SP2N?1) method. The use of a high order approximation is motivated by the fact that all the above problems can be made to fulfil the condition of constant total mean free path, which makes AN–SP2N?1 to be equivalent, in turn, to the classical odd order spherical harmonics (P2N?1) method, so that for these problems AN–SP2N?1 shares with the latter method the property that, by increasing the order 2N ? 1, the error can be made as small as we want. A second purpose of the paper is to show that the boundary element approach can handle such highly singular boundary integrals as those implied by the partial derivatives of the asymptotic flux at the boundary
The perception of shared medical decision making of expert and lay people: Effects of observing a movie clip depicting a medical consultation.
No full textOBJECTIVE: To test for differences between experts and lay people in assessment of the degree to which a doctor engaged in a shared decision making (SDM) with a patient using the OPTION scale and a movie clip as stimulus material. METHODS: A segment of the movie 'Wit', depicting the communication of the diagnosis and the therapy proposed of a cancer, was shown to (a) university students with no knowledge about doctor-patient communication; (b) nurses working in medicine departments; (c) advanced medical students; (d) hospital physicians. The participants were asked to complete the OPTION scale which measures the extent to which physicians involve patients in medical decisions. An analysis of variance was used to compare OPTION scores across the four groups and to compare males and females. RESULTS: Being female [F((1,190))=11.9; p<.001] and being familiar with medical issues [F((3,190))=11.09; p<.001] were both significantly associated with a negative evaluations of the doctor's ability to involve the patient in the SDM. CONCLUSION: Lay people and males (including male experts), are less demanding regarding SDM abilities. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: A more systematic use of videos and the OPTION scale as validated outcome measure could be helpful educational strategy for the teaching of SDM
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Solution of 3D multigroup, linearly anisotropic scattering, criticality problems by the AN boundary-element response-matrix method
Full text linkA short summary devoted to the origin and the development of the AN method, as well as its relationship with the simplified spherical harmonics (SPN) method, is given. Attempts have been made to derive the AN partial differential equations and the related interface and boundary conditions as much as possible from first principles. The theory developed in previous works is extended to many energy groups and includes a rigorous treatment of the linearly anisotropic scattering. It is shown that also in this extended framework the AN differential equations can be transformed into a set of boundary integral equations that can be given a partial current form. This allows for a natural application of the response matrix method, a technique that is particularly suitable for application to large multiregion systems. The calculation procedures have been implemented into a computer code (BERM-AN). Solutions of a 2D and 3D cartesian coordinates multigroup criticality problems, with different AN approximations, are compared with those obtained by well assessed reference codes such as DORT, TORT and MCNP
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