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Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for Common Mode Filtering of High Speed Differential Signals
No full text"High Speed differential signals have become common place in the computer industry. While the use of differential signaling can significantly improve the signal integrity, it does not eliminate EMC concerns. Small amounts of rise/fall time mismatch, in-pair skew, or amplitude mismatch can create significant amounts of common mode signals, which, in turn, cause EMI emissions. Discrete common mode filters are not commonly used due to their impact on the intentional signal as well as their cost. Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures can filter unwanted common mode energy without reducing the signal integrity of the intentional signal.
Miniaturization of Common Mode Filter Based on EBG Patch Resonance
No full text"High Speed differential signals have become common place in the computer industry. While the use of differential signaling can significantly improve the signal integrity, it does not eliminate EMC concerns. Small amounts of asymmetry between the differential pair can create significant amounts of common mode signals, which, in turn, cause EMI emissions. Previous work to create common mode filters on printed circuit boards (PCB) based on the resonant behavior of Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure (as sequence of isolated patches) for high speed differential signal lines required significant PCB real estate. While effective as common mode filters, their use on dense PCB structures was limited. This recent miniaturization work, which consists of each patch based on the EBG geometry, without changing the electrical properties (i.e. dielectric permittivity) of the PCB substrate, has reduced the required PCB area to less than 20% of the previous real estate requirements, making them much more attractive for use in dense PCBs.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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