46,367 research outputs found
No limiar da tradução: paratextos e paratraduções de Le Gone du Chaâba de Azouz Begag
No full textDissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-graduação em Estudos da Tradução, Florianópolis, 2014O presente estudo se direciona aos paratextos e às paratraduções da literatura produzida em língua francesa pelas escritoras e escritores originários da imigração magrebina, em especial os escritos de Azouz Begag que, contendo informações sobre o autor e sobre a história desta literatura, são também responsáveis pela apresentação do tradutor. No primeiro capítulo, Analisando essa literatura ? denominada como literatura Beur, percebeu-se que a ideia de língua materna se torna mutável, pois ela é o que se entende por língua do colonizador: uma língua imposta. A literatura francófona dos autores Beurs busca transformar esta aparente hegemonia da língua francesa e, dessa forma, a utilização dos paratextos é frequente. No segundo capítulo, os paratextos foram classificados segundo Genette e sua obra Seuils, traduzida para o português por Álvaro Faleiros, Paratextos Editoriais (2009); e as paratraduções classificadas segundo o conceito de Yuste Frías e seu estudo Au seuil de la traduction: la paratraduction (2010) e segundo Marie-Hélène C Torres em seu livro Traduzir o Brasil Literário, paratexto e discurso de acompanhamento (2011). Então, no terceiro capítulo, foram analisados os paratextos de duas edições francesas do romance Le Gone du Chaâba de Azouz Begag e as paratraduções apresentadas pela tradução estadunidense, Shantytown Kid (2007), traduzido por Alec G Hargreaves e Naïma Wolf, e pela tradução espanhola, El niño de las chabolas (2011), traduzido por Elena García-Aranda. No final, o espaço destes ?epitextos? e ?peritextos? provou ser necessário para demonstrar que a paratradução é o lugar onde temos a visibilidade do tradutor e do processo da tradução, pois consiste no espaço a partir do qual o tradutor pode por sua voz em evidencia.Abstract: This study analyzes the paratexts and paratranslations of the literature produced in French by one of the writers from the Algerian immigration: Azouz Begag. These paratexts and paratranslations contain information about the author and the history of this sort of literature, and they are also responsible for the translator's presentation. In the first chapter, analyzing the literature - called Beur literature, it's possible to notice that the idea of mother language becomes mutable because it is the "colonizer's language": an imposed language. This francophone literature desires to change this visible hegemony of the French language, and the use of paratexts often takes place for that purpose. In the second chapter, the paratexts were classified according to Genette and his book Seuils, translated into Portuguese by Àlvaro Faleiros, Paratextos Editoriais (2009); and the paratranslations classified according to Yuste Frías and his study Au seuil de la traduction: la paratraduction (2010) and to Marie-Hélène C Torres in her book Traduzir o Brasil Literário, paratexto e discurso de acompanhamento (2011). Afterwards, the paratexts of two French editions of Azouz Begag's Le Gone du Chaâba were analyzed. In the third chapter, Alec G Hargreaves and Naïma Wolf's American translation, Shantytown Kid (2007), and Elena Garcia-Aranda's Spanish translation, El niño de las Chabolas (2011) were analyzed. At the end, my findings demonstrate how these "epitexts" and "peritexts" are the necessary places to show the translator and the translation process' visibility, because it consists in the locale where the translator is allowed to speak
Recent advances in potential targets for eosinophilic esophagitis treatments
No full textIntroduction: Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) are constantly evolving. Recently, the improved understanding of EoE pathogenesis has led to identification of a variety of other potential targets that have never been considered before. Areas covered: In September 2019, we performed structured literature searches in Medline and PubMed, Cochrane meta-analyses, and abstracts of international congresses to review new potential therapeutic approaches for EoE. Expert opinion: The advent of omics disciplines has been helping in finding new molecular targets in EoE pathogenesis and may provide future guidance for deep phenotyping of the disease and therefore facilitate the possibility of personalized medicine. Interestingly, these new treatments should be focused on the restoration of epithelial barrier dysfunction, downregulation of specific molecular pathways of eosinophilic inflammation, and finally, prevention of esophageal remodeling. In this review, we highlight the most recent insights in EoE pathogenesis, which open new pathways for developing new therapeutic targets for clinical practice
Inhalation characteristics of asthma patients, COPD patients and healthy volunteers with the Spiromax® and Turbuhaler® devices: a randomised, cross-over study.
No full textBACKGROUND: Spiromax® is a novel dry-powder inhaler containing formulations of budesonide plus formoterol (BF). The device is intended to provide dose equivalence with enhanced user-friendliness compared to BF Turbuhaler® in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study was performed to compare inhalation parameters with empty versions of the two devices, and to investigate the effects of enhanced training designed to encourage faster inhalation. METHODS: This randomised, open-label, cross-over study included children with asthma (n = 23), adolescents with asthma (n = 27), adults with asthma (n = 50), adults with COPD (n = 50) and healthy adult volunteers (n = 50). Inhalation manoeuvres were recorded with each device after training with the patient information leaflet (PIL) and after enhanced training using an In-Check Dial device. RESULTS: After PIL training, peak inspiratory flow (PIF), maximum change in pressure (∆P) and the inhalation volume (IV) were significantly higher with Spiromax than with the Turbuhaler device (p values were at least <0.05 in all patient groups). After enhanced training, numerically or significantly higher values for PIF, ∆P, IV and acceleration remained with Spiromax versus Turbuhaler, except for ∆P in COPD patients. After PIL training, one adult asthma patient and one COPD patient inhaled <30 L/min through the Spiromax compared to one adult asthma patient and five COPD patients with the Turbuhaler. All patients achieved PIF values of at least 30 L/min after enhanced training. CONCLUSIONS: The two inhalers have similar resistance so inhalation flows and pressure changes would be expected to be similar. The higher flow-related values noted for Spiromax versus Turbuhaler after PIL training suggest that Spiromax might have human factor advantages in real-world use. After enhanced training, the flow-related differences between devices persisted; increased flow rates were achieved with both devices, and all patients achieved the minimal flow required for adequate drug delivery. Enhanced training could be useful, especially in COPD patients
Azouz Begag, Béni ou le Paradis privé, 1989
No full textDéjeux Jean. Azouz Begag, Béni ou le Paradis privé, 1989. In: Hommes et Migrations, n°1120, mars 1989. Les nouvelles solidarités. p. 50
Azouz Begag, Béni ou le Paradis privé, 1989
No full textDéjeux Jean. Azouz Begag, Béni ou le Paradis privé, 1989. In: Hommes et Migrations, n°1120, mars 1989. Les nouvelles solidarités. p. 50
Azouz Begag, Jordi et le rayon perdu. Illustrations Allan Drummond, 1992
No full textDéjeux Jean. Azouz Begag, Jordi et le rayon perdu. Illustrations Allan Drummond, 1992. In: Hommes et Migrations, n°1156, juillet 1992. L'économie sociale, un outil pour l'insertion. p. 55
Azouz Begag, Jordi et le rayon perdu. Illustrations Allan Drummond, 1992
No full textDéjeux Jean. Azouz Begag, Jordi et le rayon perdu. Illustrations Allan Drummond, 1992. In: Hommes et Migrations, n°1156, juillet 1992. L'économie sociale, un outil pour l'insertion. p. 55
Nouvelles Recherches Archéologiques à Iunca: étude d’une Ville Côtiére dans la Petite Syrte
No full textp-n Junction Formation in i-Ge Crystal by Laser Radiation
No full textP-n junction is the main component of many semiconductor devices. Thermodiffusion, ion implantation and molecular beam epitaxy are only a few methods to form a p-n junction. The main drawback for these methods is high cost per p-n junction since the equipment for these methods is expensive. A possibility of p-n junction formation by laser radiation was shown in several p- and n-type semiconductors: p-Si[1,2], p-CdTe[3], p-InSb[4,5], p-InAs[6], p-PbSe[7] and p-Ge[8] due to inversion of conductivity type. Unfortunately, the mechanism of p-n junction formation by laser radiation is not clear until now.
In the present research rectification effect of current-voltage characteristic in pure intrinsic Ge crystal after irradiation by Nd:YAG laser was observed. The effect is characterised by threshold intensity of the laser radiation. Increase of rectification ratio of current-voltage characteristics and barrier height with intensity of the laser radiation, energy of laser radiation quanta and number of pulses was observed in this experiment. The mechanism of this phenomenon is explained by generation and redistribution of intrinsic point defects in temperature gradient field, which causes strongly absorbed laser radiation. The redistribution of defects takes place because interstitial atoms drift towards the irradiated surface, but vacancies drift in the opposite direction – in the bulk of semiconductor according to Thermogradient effect. Since interstitials in Ge crystal are of n-type and vacancies are known to be of p-type, a p-n junction is formed.
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Acknowledgments.
The author gratefully acknowledges financial support in part by Europe Project in the Framework of MATERA+ project, European Regional Development Fund within the project “Sol-gel and laser technologies for the development of nanostructures and barrier structures”, the ESF Projects No. 1DP/1.1.1.2.0/09/ APIA/VIAA/142 and «Support for the implementation of doctoral studies at Riga Technical University»
Experimental investigation into the effect of substrate clamping on the piezoelectric behaviour of thick-film PZT elements
No full textThis paper details an experimental investigation of the clamping effect associated with thick-film piezoelectric elements printed on a substrate. The clamping effect reduces the measured piezoelectric coefficient, d33, of the film. This reduction is due to the influence of the d31 component in the film when a deformation of the structure occurs, by either the direct or indirect piezoelectric effect. Theoretical analysis shows a reduction in the measured d33 of 62%, i.e. a standard bulk lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-5H sample with a manufacturer specified d33 of 593pC/N would fall to 227.8pC/N. To confirm this effect, the d33 coefficients of five thin bulk PZT-5H samples of 220µm thickness were measured before and after their attachment to a metallized 96% alumina substrate. The experimental results show a reduction in d33 of 74% from 529pC/N to 139pC/N. The theoretical analysis was then applied to existing University of Southampton thick-film devices. It is estimated that the measured d33 value of 131pC/N of the thick-film devices is the equivalent of an unconstrained d33 of 345pC/N
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