1,721,463 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Oxygenation strategy in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure
No full textL’insuffisance respiratoire aiguë (IRA) du patient immunodéprimé reste la cause la plus fréquente et la plus grave d’admission en réanimation. Ces travaux ont évalué les différentes stratégies d’oxygénation actuellement disponibles pour permettre d’améliorer la survie chez ces patients. Méthode : La première partie de ce travail permettait de définir les facteurs associés à un haut risque d’intubation, utilisés dans les études suivantes. La ventilation non invasive (VNI) a été évaluée lors d’une étude issue d’une cohorte de patients d’hématologie admis en réanimation et comparait avec un score de propension des patients qui recevaient de la VNI à des patients recevant de l’oxygène. Ensuite, une étude prospective randomisée comparait 183 patients recevant de l’oxygène à 191 recevant de la VNI. Ces 2 études ont confirmé l’absence de bénéfice de la VNI en termes de risque d’intubation et de mortalité. Les études suivantes n’ont pas retrouvé de bénéfice à l’utilisation de l’oxygène haut débit humidifié (HFNC) chez ces patients immunodéprimés en IRA, que ce soit sur le confort à court terme (étude prospective randomisée) ou sur la survie (étude rétrospective avec score de propension). Enfin, une étude randomisée multicentrique comparant 388 patients recevant de l’oxygène standard à 388 patients recevant de l’HFNC confirmait l’absence de bénéfice de l’HFNC en termes de risque d’intubation et de mortalité à J28. Conclusion : Ces travaux ont montré l’absence de bénéfice des diverses techniques d’oxygénation chez les patients immunodéprimés en IRA. Elles ont ouvert d’autres pistes d’amélioration de la prise en charge de ces patients en réanimation qui restent à évaluer.Acute respiratory failure (ARF) in immunocompromised patient remains the most frequent and severe cause of admission to ICU. This manuscript include several studies assessing the various oxygenation strategies currently available to improve survival for these patients. Method : The first part of this work defined patients with high risk of intubation. Thne factors associated with intubation were used in the following studies. The first device studied was non-invasive ventilation (NIV) wich was assessed within 2 studies. First one study from a cohort of haematology patients admitted to the ICU, using a propensity score compared patients receiving NIV with patients receiving oxygen. Then, a prospective randomized study compared 183 patients receiving oxygen to 191 receiving NIV. These 2 studies confirmed the lack of benefit of NIV in terms of intubation risk and mortality. Subsequent studies found no benefit of humidified high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNC) in that setting, either in terms of short-term comfort (assessed in a prospective randomized study) or survival (assessed in a retrospective study using propensity score analysis). Finally, a multicenter randomized study comparing 388 patients receiving standard oxygen to 388 patients receiving HFNC confirmed the lack of benefit of HFNC in terms of risk of intubation and mortality at D28. Conclusion: This work has demonstrated that oxygenation devices availables could not improve outcome in immunocompromised patients with ARF in ICU. However, theses studies rose up new hypotheses for improving the management of such patients in the ICU
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Prognosis of neutropenic patients admitted to the intensive care unit
No full textLe pronostic à court terme des patients d'oncohématologie admis en réanimation s'est notablement amélioré au cours des deux dernières décennies. Ces progrès sont le fait d'une diversification importante de l'arsenal thérapeutique relatif à l'oncologie et l'hématologie mais aussi d'une meilleure prise en charge de ces patients au sein des réanimations. Notre travail de recherche s'est centré sur la devenir de ces malades et les facteurs associés à celui-ci.Dans ce cadre, nous avons conduit plusieurs études observationnelles pronostiques portant sur des patients neutropéniques admis en réanimation. Nous avons montré que les facteurs indépendamment associés à la mortalité hospitalière étaient une allogreffe de moelle, le recours à la ventilation mécanique invasive, le recours à l'épuration extra-rénale ainsi qu'une documentation microbiologique positive. De plus, chez les patients neutropéniques admis en réanimation pour sepsis sévère/choc septique, les facteurs indépendamment associés à la mortalité en réanimation étaient une antibiothérapie initiale inappropriée, un délai d'initiation de l'antibiothérapie en réanimation > 1h, une documentation microbiologique positive à bacille gram négatif non fermentant et à un score SOFA élevé dès l'admission en réanimation. La désescalade du traitement antibiotique initial, réalisable dans 44% des cas,était sans répercussion significative sur le pronostic à court et long-terme. Enfin, chez les patients neutropéniques admis en réanimation pour détresse respiratoire aiguë, le seul facteur indépendant associé à la mortalité hospitalière était le recours à la ventilation mécanique alors que l'utilisation de corticostéroïdes les jours précédant l'admission en réanimation et l'une admission dans un contexte de sortie d'aplasie étaient protecteurs.Finalement, nous avons montré dans une récente revue de la littérature que le pronostic du patient d'oncohématologie admis en réanimation s'était amélioré au cours du temps et que la neutropénie ne semblait pas être un facteur pronostique dans ce contexte.En conclusion, nous avons montré que le patient neutropénique est à haut risque de complications sévères infectieuses, respiratoires et immunologiques. Ces complications impactent le pronostic des patients de manière significative. Nos résultats vont donner lieu à plusieurs essais randomisés chez le patient neutropénique admis en réanimation notamment autour de la désescalade antibiotique au cours du sepsis et des stratégies d'oxygénothérapie en cas de détresse respiratoire.The short-term prognosis of patients with onco-hematological diseases and neutropenia admitted to intensive care has significantly improved over the last two decades. This progress is the fact of a significant diversification of the armamentarium on oncology and hematology but also a better management of these patients in the ICUs. Our research has focused on the outcome of these patients and its prognostic factors. In this context, we have conducted several prognostic observational studies of neutropenic patients admitted to intensive care units. We showed that factors independently associated with hospital mortality were the bone marrow transplantation, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, the use of renal replacement therapy and a positive microbiological documentation. Moreover, in neutropenic patients admitted to intensive care for severe sepsis / septic shock, factors independently associated with ICU mortality were inappropriate initial antibiotic therapy, a delay of antibiotic treatment > 1h, a positive microbiological documentation with non-fermenting gram negative bacilli, a high SOFA score on admission in ICU. The de-escalation of initial antibiotic treatment feasible in 44% of cases had no significant impact on the short and long-term outcomes. Otherwise, in neutropenic patients admitted to intensive care for acute respiratory failure, the only independent factor associated with hospital mortality was the need for mechanical ventilation, while the use of corticosteroids in the days before ICU admission and a admission during neutropenia recovery period were protective. Finally, we have shown in a recent review of the literature that the outcome of hematology-oncology patient admitted to intensive care had improved over time and that neutropenia did not seem to be a prognostic factor in this context. In conclusion, we have shown that the neutropenic patient is at high risk of severe infectious,respiratory and immunological complications. These complications significantly impact the outcome of these patients. Our results could lead to the planning of several randomized trials in neutropenic patients admitted to intensive care in particular about the escalation antibiotic in sepsis and oxygentherapy strategies for respiratory distress
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Correction: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: early diagnosis and effective treatment in 2025
No full textDue to an error by the editorial office when designing the figures, an erroneous Fig. 2.Correction: Intensive Care Med https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-025-07981-3.Due to an error by the editorial office when designing the figures, an erroneous Fig. 2 was published: (Figure presented.) Please find below the correct version with the 7 elements of the Plasmic Score Criteria. (Figure presented.) The original article has been corrected.Peer reviewe
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